西北地区城市化对城市气候环境的影响

25220063GEOGRAPHICALRESEARCHVol125,No12Mar1,2006:2005203218;:2005207229:(90102013);(49971001):(19792),,,E2mail:rchunchun@1631com1,1,2(11,100875;21,100101):,50,,,:;;;;;:100020585(2006)0220233209,,,U[1,2],,,,[36][7,8]??,,,,1(),[911];,[1216],(),,,(),34,,,(1/di)(Wi=(1/di)/(1/di))©1994-2007ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[17],,3419602001(URTS)111,:(1),,,;(2),,[18]2001IPCC,186120014018,1910194519762000,50[19]12,(1),,,196020012;80;1994,,1994,©1994-2007ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[18]:(1),,,;(2),,,,;(3),,343,,,207080;(4),,,;7080,,,©1994-2007ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[20],,,,,,,:,,;,;5,;;6,,,,;,;1994,,,1992,1994()114,,,,[18],,,©1994-2007ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:;;,,©1994-2007ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(19922002),411,114=44,URTS,,URTS212,SPSS,,:Zij=(Xij-Xj)/j,Xj,jXj,,11,,1Tab11ThecorrelationsamongthedifferenturbandevelopmentindicatorsGDP1GDP01825331018493301909331018223311000330190533101467330140233015473301402331:330101,,5319380174701223010920100011,80%:x10=01231x1+01244x2+01245x3+01243x4+01149x5,,,,22Tab12TherelationmodelsbetweenurbanclimateandurbandevelopmentinNorthwestChinaYFR2y=015820+011998x-017217x2+1834x3915501417y=012317-018280x-012406x2+011504x31019001450y=016715+011096x-018745x2+012723x31516201539y=-016967+012588x+110702x2-015192x33219601712©1994-2007ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.();,;,,©1994-2007ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(1),,(2),,,,,(3),,,,,(4),[21],,,,11,(11),EVIEWS,,[22,23],,,,,;:[1]CrossmanGM,KruegerAB1EnvironmentalImpactsofANorthAmericanFreeTradeAgreement1WoodrowWilsonSchool,Princeton,NT119921[2]ShafikN,BandyopadhyayS1EconomicGrowthandEnvironmentalQuality:TimeSeriesandCross2countryEvi2dence1BackgroundPaperforWorldDevelopmentReport1992,WorldBank,WashingtonDC119921[3],11(),2001,7(11):147014731[4],,11,2002,21(2):181[5]11,2003,22(1):60661[6],1Kuznets1,2002,(6):9449511[7],11,2001,(4):14151[8],11,2003,22(2):1101[9]11,1994,(2):13241[10]11,1996,4:68801[11]11,1997,16(4):4104161[12]1451,1998,56(3):2572711[13],11,1999,20(12):19261[14]111:,20001[15],11,2002,19(3):67701[16],11,2003,23(2):1521641[17]ChenLongxun,ShaoYongning,RenZhenhai1ClimaticchangeinChinaduringthepast70yearsanditsrelation2shiptothevariation1In:theProceedingsofInternationalSymposiumontheEnvironment1WileyCompany,19921©1994-2007ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[18],,11:,198511281321[19],,1IPCC1,2002,24(2):1141221[20]11:,19971[21],11(),2003,(1):58641[22]11,2004,24(3):4214311[23],::1,2004,(2):87941TheinfluenceofurbanizationontheurbanclimateenvironmentinNorthwestChinaRENChun2yan1,WUDian2ting1,DONGSuo2cheng2(11SchoolofGeography,BeijingNormalUniversity,Beijing100875,China;21InstituteofGeographicalSciencesandNaturalResourcesResearch,CAS,Beijing100101,China)Abstract:Humanactivitieshavebeenplayingamoreandmoreimportantroleintheenvi2ronmentalchanges,especiallyinthecityareawherethehumanactivitiesaremostfre2quent1Chinaisrightathightideofurbanization;andpeopleareputtingmoreandmoreattentiontotheenvironmentalproblems1Theoreticalresearchindicatedthat,thereisaninverted’U2shaped’modelbetweentheeconomicdevelopmentandenvironmentalquality,i1e1EnvironmentalKuznetsCurve(EKC)1Itmeansthateconomicgrowthhelpstoim2provetheenvironmentalqualityastheeconomicdevelopmentreachesacertainlevel(theturningpoint)1Ithasitsrationality1Fromtheefficiencyofresourcesutilizationandtheimprovementofthetechnique,economicdevelopmentindeedhelpstoimprovetheenviron2mentalquality1Soistheresucharulebetweenurbanizationandurbanclimate?Howdoesurbanizationinfluenceurbanclimate?Thesedirectlyconnecttheproblemofstrategicchoiceofurbanizationinthewesterndevelopment1Throughanalyzingtheinfluencemechanismofurbanizationontheurbanclimateandthetrendoftheurbanclimatechangesinabout50yearsinNorthwestChina,thispaperstudiestheinfluenceoftheurbanizationontheurbanclimateinNorthwestChina1Andthenthroughsettinguptherelationshipmodels,itfurthervalidatesthatthereexiststheKuznetsphenomenonbetweentheurbanizationandtheurbanclimatetoacertainextent1Thestudyshowsthattheurbanizationhashadgreatinfluenceontheurbanclimate1Theresultsleadtothreemainconclusions:1)Thisregioninurbanheatislandeffect,ur2bandryislandeffect,urbanrainislandeffectandurbandarkislandeffectexistintheur2banclimate;2)EnvironmentalKuznetsCurve(EKC)existstoacertainextent,butcan’tcompletelyexplaintherelationshipbetweentheurbanizationandtheurbanclimate;and3)theenvironmentimprovementinNorthwestChinaistemporaryandunstable1Keywords:urbanclimate;urbanheatislande