公务机关永续发展之评估以调查局情报工作绩效为例

123人文社會學報--***摘要公務機關之永續發展端賴是否配合國家政策及民眾需求。由於公務機關產出多樣化，較難量化績效評估公部門是否能永續發展。本研究選擇情報工作上具反制實績之「調查局」以量化效能分析藉以討論現行安全防衛體系反制恐怖攻擊之能力合適性。利用修正的Fried,Lovell,Schmidt,andYaisawarng（2002）三階段資料包絡分析模型，先分類出10項情報產出、2項投入，並將42項環境變數納入情報工作分析中，透過產出差額調整過程中，找出環境變數與情報資料的關係，從中以計量分析瞭解情報工作實際作為。最後經調整排除環境變數後，發現「調查局」外勤調查處站情報工作管理效率確有提高。其中離島地區或非都會型調查處站管理效率均有所提昇，且與本島或都會型調查處站差距不大，顯示「調查局」外勤單位在現行目標管理的績效考核制度下，在推動情報工作上尚能維持一致的管理能力。惟觀察「調查局」生產力，「調查局」外勤單位的情報工作績效來自技術進步，但效率則有退步。顯示「調查局」除應維持人力資源投入科技偵查技術創新，應思考工作作業流程提昇管理效率。JELH11Q18投稿日期：2009年4月6日，2009年7月10日修改完畢，2009年7月29日通過採用*陳政位，國立臺灣大學農業經濟學系副教授**范宇平，通訊作者，國立臺灣大學農業經濟學研究所博士，現任法務部調查局航業海員調查處調查員，E-mail:[e-mail]124人文社會學報19953200191120021020057200611200822177,000400200020041112007112000200411125人文社會學報14DataEnvelopmentAnalysisMethodDEAStochasticFrontierAnalysisSFADEADEAMoore,Nolan,andSegal2005DEA46112002DEA2319971998DEA2005Fried,Schmidt,andYaisawarng1999DEAExternalenvironment-126人文社會學報ThreeStageDataEnvelopmentAnalysisModelDEAFried,Lovell,Schmidt,andYaisawarng200212005DEA22.7%DEADEA251927194941956198081環境變數係指決策單位無法在內部管理中所控制的變數，這些外部變數包括自然、社會、人口特徵等統計變數。127人文社會學報122001-20088-128人文社會學報1=all&Fcode=I0010064accesson2009/7/1022001-200820012176546403819949275366334921723311724226720022919189075080124928099426678215141509316152003343481113911313182736106307212200312093319182004392225420696222353672573377511910143921219200535367524378818593216392315796671042995920063554685231048815193222386306994131086387720073050489838056148028183562120672877618852008292421008689242165251135026957349857114322009129人文社會學報200071720041130%70%25-40%60-75%1Coelli,Rao,andBattese19984DEADEA-130人文社會學報DEACCRBCCCharnes,Cooper,andRhodes1978Farrel1957CRSBCCBanker,Charnes,andCooper1984Shephard1970VRSjj=1,…,Nii=1,…,mXijrr=1,…nYrjkBCCToshiyukiSueyoshi20032005n∑urYrk−u0r=1Ek=Maxm∑viXiki=1n∑urYrk−u0r=1s.t.≤1,j=1,....,N1m∑viXiji=1ur,vi≥ε0,r=1,...,n,i=1,...,mur,viriεnon-Archimedeannumberu0u001131人文社會學報 ⎡ mn⎤MinEk=θk−ε⎢ ∑S−ik+∑S+ik⎢ ⎣ i=1r=1⎦Ns.t.∑jXij−θkXik+S−ik=02j=1N∑jXrj−S+rk=Yrkj=1N∑j=1,j≥0,∀jj=12θkj∑j=1S−ikS+rkslackvariableX'ik=θkXik−S−ikY'rk=Yrk+S+rkDEAFriedetal.1999DEAExternalenvironmentDEA2005Friedetal.1999,2002frontierseparationapproachcategoricalvariable2all-in-oneapproachDEAtwostageapproachFriedetal.1999DEAFour-StageDEAModelTobitDEA-132人文社會學報Friedetal.2002123DEADEASFADEATobitSFADEADEA2005Friedetal.19992002slackvariableanalysis212X1X24ABAB1CD0C/0C0D*/0D10CD1-radialinputslackD1-TEDXDTEDXDnon-radialinputslackDX1D*X2BBX1BX2BX1X1D*X1B133人文社會學報1Friedetal.1999SFASFAun02un=0SFASFA24mnnm-134人文社會學報mnnmSFAnmSFASFAS+rkkrYrkkrrSFAZ=[Z1r,…Zkr],r=1,…nnSrk=f(Z;βr)+vrk+urkr=1,,n,k=1,,N3f(Z;βr)r(vrk+urk)vrk~N0,2vrrurk0r32005Tobitrr=1,nkk=1,,NSrkZk ⎧Zkβ+εrkSrk0Srk=⎨4⎩0,Srk=0SrkrkεrkFriedetal.1999TobitYArki=Yrk+maxZ-Zr=1,…nk=1….N5YArkiYrk5NS+rk=∑jYrj−Yrkj=1N∑j=1,j≥0,∀jj=1N∑jYrjj=1ˆrˆr135人文社會學報DEASFADEADEAYArkiFäre,Grosskopf,Norris,andZhang1994DEACaves,Christensen,andDiewert1982Malmquistmntt=1,2,,Txt∈Rn+yt∈Rn+tSt= {( xt,yt):xtyt}6toutputdistancefunctionShephard,1970:Dt0( xt,yt)= inf{θ:( xt,yt/θ)∈St}7ntt+1t+1tD0t+1( xt,yt)= inf{θ:( xt,yt/θ)∈St+1}8D0t( xt+1,yt+1)= inf{θ:( xt+1,yt+1/θ)∈St+1}9-136人文社會學報MalmquistM0t+1( xt+1,yt+1,xt,yt)=D0t+1( xt+1,yt+1)D0t( xt+1,yt+1)D0t( xt,yt)[]½10D0t( xt,yt)D0t+1( xt+1,yt+1)D0t+1( xt,yt)10D0t+1( xt+1,yt+1⎢C)=D0t( xt,yt⎢C)D0t+1( xt+1,yt+1⎢V)⎡ D0t+1( xt+1,yt+1⎢C)D0t( xt,yt⎢V)⎤ ⎢ ⎢ 11D0t( xt,yt⎢V)⎣ D0t( xt,yt⎢C)D0t+1( xt+1,yt+1⎢V)⎦11CRSVRS2001-20072137人文社會學報64102001-20088252002510220025/--138人文社會學報4210output-orientedmodelDEAVRS102422001-20082550.950.050.710.95-0.990.0742SFATobitSFA3139人文社會學報Tobit90%-99%3Tobit-0.760**0.05**-0.125***(0.305)(0.00)(0.028)0.687***0.063***0.018***-0.122***0.121***(0.254)(0.020)(0.007)(0.03)(0.027)-0.025***-0.011***(0.006)(0.002)-0.013***(0.003)-0.019***0.003***(0.006)(0.001)0.012*-0.073***0.013***0.001***-0.004***(0.006)(0.018)(0.004)(0.00)(0.001)-0.079**(0.040)0.002***-0.007***-0.0007***(0.0006)(0.002)0.00020.016***0.116***()(0.005)(0.002)-0.002**(0.001)401.31184.32180.9973.3031.1159.13125.84183.95236.8937.4457.3116.1713.585.442.333.738.5815.5814.523.21-302.96-559.03-703.22-657.07-545.62-788.56-791.65-625.37-1052.04-472.44*0.1**0.05***0.01-Friedetal.19992140人文社會學報4751%332%-2056%5574%49656%5476%337%4298.67323.36119.6745.945731.39151.37441.2980.1295.6265.29124%208%138%174%4937%808%130%120%124%117%751%534.50379.57160.8478.114463.33157.80107.13106.9995.0016.79125%181%129%160%1694%327%140%114%114%124%332%416.99339.6192.5254.055546.07159.0034.3371.0289.259.66142%211%134%238%14666%2728%136%118%127%118%2056%221.60304.14110.8439.165768.77144.1824.6583.0894.739.06116%199%136%172%4610%1809%118%123%122%115%823%117.66289.43113.9026.526814.08148.036.6366.2886.754.55125%287%188%188%46692%2260%122%143%158%114%5574%16.29269.01111.885.547394.01148.320.2647.47118.690.92105%451%204%141%89499%356079%101%147%177%102%49656%357.15325.13147.6747.764927.24152.0951.19116.982.3714.56116%176%126%145%1742%383%120%115%112%120%337%271.147322.52106.4945.086109.82151.0336.6362.811