AVL415系列滤纸式烟度计培训

27.10.2012AVL415滤纸式烟度计内部综合培训周渊/AVL中国2Originator,locationofdatastorage,dateofcreation颗粒（及烟度）组成和测量设备碳氢（机油）碳“C“碳氢(燃油）金属和其他硫水稀释颗粒由SPC472或者CEC全流稀释通道测量黑碳“C“通过415s滤纸烟度计测量439不透光烟度计用于测量的烟度包括：-黑烟=碳”c”-蓝烟=可见的“碳氢蒸汽”-白烟=可见的“水蒸气”（取决于温度和浓度）3Originator,locationofdatastorage,dateofcreationCompositionofDieselParticulates4Originator,locationofdatastorage,dateofcreation在发动机试验台架上柴油排放测量系统的应用范围测量仪器滤纸式烟度计415/415S部分流系统SPC472不透光度计439检测的成分全部柴油颗粒（滤纸称重-稀释后）烟密度应用ECER49,ESC,ETCEEC91542,ISO161838法规的认证试验,研发ECER24HDEUROIII,ELR法规的认证试验研发,生产累积测量累积测量实时在线测量方法研发,生产,特殊法规试验C,黑烟全流系统AVLCECSeriesCFVCVS气体排放全部柴油颗粒（滤纸称重-稀释后）研发,ECER49,ESC,ETCEEC91542,ISO16183,ECER86,EEC70720,CFR40,part86法规的认证试验实时在线累积测量5Originator,locationofdatastorage,dateofcreation碳烟测量的基本概念和基本原理1.碳烟颗粒（SootParticle)是在碳氢化合物高温下裂解或燃烧产生的(直径1nm)。2.碳烟颗粒测量是通过光学方法确定与被采集烟度大小成比例的滤纸黑度滤纸黑度PB(PaperBlackening)PB=10*(1-Rb/Rw)Rb为采过烟度的滤纸反射值，Rw为干净滤纸反射值3.碳烟可用三种结果表征：•滤纸烟度数FSN（FilterSmokeNumber),无量纲，0-10,由ISO10054定义FSN=PB在405mm有效烟柱采样长度，100kpa,25度条件下（BOSCH烟度数SZ=PB,）•碳烟浓度（mg/M3)•污染级（%）仅日本用6Originator,locationofdatastorage,dateofcreation光学方法确定与被采集烟度大小成比例的滤纸黑度7Originator,locationofdatastorage,dateofcreationInfluencetoResultsDuetoFlowResistanceontheLoadedFilterPaper8Originator,locationofdatastorage,dateofcreationAVLSmokeMeter415/415SVsAVL409(orlocal)ComparisonFSN/BoschNumberBoschNumber:SamplingVolume:330cm3FilterArea:8,14cm2(d=32mm)EffectiveLength:40,5cmFSN:EffectiveLength:40,5cmTemp.atFilterArea:25°CPress.atFilterArea:1bar9Originator,locationofdatastorage,dateofcreationAVL415:DieselSmokeMeasurementwithNewSamplingTechnology•Internaltemperature,pressureandflowsensorssecurehighreliabilityandcomparibilityofthemeasurementresults•Highaccuracyandbestreproducibilityalsoforlowestsmokevalues•Variablesamplingvolume•Continuessampling(constantsamplingvelocity)•Flexiblepowersupplyfordifferenttestapplications•automaticcalibration,convenientoperation10Originator,locationofdatastorage,dateofcreationFilterMethod–EffectiveLengthDeadvolumeSamplevolumeFilterareaEffectivelengthSamplevolume–Deadvolume–LeakvolumeFilterareaEffectivelength=(ISODP10054规定)11Originator,locationofdatastorage,dateofcreationFilterMethodEffectiveLength12Originator,locationofdatastorage,dateofcreationFilterSmokeNumbersvs.CarbonParticulate13Originator,locationofdatastorage,dateofcreationFilterPaperLoadingvs.PaperBlackeningPlottedforDifferentPBRanges14Originator,locationofdatastorage,dateofcreationCorrelationbetweenFSNandsootConcentrationIf“c”partismorethan15%,canquickcalculateasfollowing:15Originator,locationofdatastorage,dateofcreationRelationBetweenOpacityandFSNRelationatlowsmokeFSN16Originator,locationofdatastorage,dateofcreationExampleofSensitivityandZeroStabilityOpacimetervaluesatlowsootemission0.100.050.00k(m)-10102030Time–minutes0.120.130.200.37FSN=Note:Thisiswhysomany415SwereusedinR&D17Originator,locationofdatastorage,dateofcreationAVL415SSmokeMeter•Highsensitivitybyvariablesamplevolume(resolution0.01FSN,repeatabilitybetter0.05FSN)•Bigfilterpaperrollwith1200measurementsperroll•Integratedpaperspooldeviceasstandard•Optionalheating(instrumentandsamplinghose)•ConformtonewestCElevelandProtectionclassIP3418Originator,locationofdatastorage,dateofcreationSmokeMeter415FunctionalDiagramm19Originator,locationofdatastorage,dateofcreationNEWDESIGN20Originator,locationofdatastorage,dateofcreationELECTRICALENCLOSURE21Originator,locationofdatastorage,dateofcreationMECHANICALENCLOSURE22Originator,locationofdatastorage,dateofcreationGASPATH23Originator,locationofdatastorage,dateofcreationAUTOMATICWORKINGSEQUENCE24Originator,locationofdatastorage,dateofcreationSHOPAIRPURGING25Originator,locationofdatastorage,dateofcreationOPTIONHIGHPRESSUREUPTO3000mbar26Originator,locationofdatastorage,dateofcreationPARTICLETOWER27Originator,locationofdatastorage,dateofcreationOPTIONSTRATEGYSMOKEMETER415SG002Heating1CHor2CHSpecialSampling110VACAdvancedShopAirFilterPaperremainRSI–TCPIP+PCSOFTWAREInScreenReal3000mbarSpecialSampling28Originator,locationofdatastorage,dateofcreationCEBCOMBUSTIONEMISSIONBENCHHSUCEBCOMBUSTIONEMISSIONBENCHHSU6xD6xD5xD3xD3542176D1AVL排放柜_催化转换器前5AVL415S滤纸式烟度计2AVL排放柜_催化转换器后6发动机3AVL472颗粒取样器7催化转换器4AVL439透光式烟度计部分流排放直采系统_采样点布局图29Originator,locationofdatastorage,dateofcreation1.从排气管到稀释通道须上斜方式安装（以避免冷凝水留在设备中）。采样软管下方应有支架。2.220V供电3.允许排气背压范围:-100mbar...+400mbar(specialsamplingoptioncanbeupto800mbar/3000mbar)4.采样探头：位置及前后直管段（见上图）415S安装要点0,40,50,60,70,80,90200400600800Backpressureup-streamofDPF[mbar]FilterSmokeNumberAVL409Æ415(1995)Æ415S(2001)Æ415SG02(2006)Æ415A(2010?)30Originator,locationofdatastorage,dateofcreation415Scontrolandoperatingmethods1.CDHintegrationinPUMAOpen2.By4210orInScreen3.(standalonePCsoftware)4.Hyperterminal:9600,8,1,none,xon/xoff;Windowskey;CTL_BSPACEthenCTL_CPractice…..Specialservice(OnlyAVLstaff):DONGLE:COM1PIN6/7bridgedFirmwaredownloadmode(pluginandswitchedon415S,thenremoved)COM1PIN4/5bridgedservicemode(orholdpresspaperfeedandswitchedon)CALIBRATION:(tosee415SCalibrationprocedureorApplicationnote)1.415Svolumecalibration&adjustmentby408Stester2.2.Opticalheatca