复配混凝剂(PAC-PDMDAAC)处理嘉陵江水源水试验研究

复配混凝剂（PAC-PDMDAAC）处理嘉陵江水源水试验研究重庆大学硕士学位论文学生姓名：赖莉指导教师：蒋绍阶教授专业：市政工程学科门类：工学重庆大学城市建设与环境工程学院二O一O年十月ExperimentalStudyonthePerformanceofCombinationofCoagulants(PDMDAAC-PAC)onJialingRiverSouceWaterTreatmentAThesisSubmittedtoChongqingUniversityinPartialFulfillmentoftheRequirementfortheDegreeofMasterofEngineeringByLaiLiSupervisedbyProf.JiangShaoJieMajor:MunicipalEngineeringFacultyofUrbanConstructionandEnvironmentalEngineeringofChongqingUniversity,Chongqing,ChinaOctober,2010中文摘要I摘要嘉陵江典型水质主要有春季“桃花水”及夏季高浊水。“桃花水”即桃花讯，原水水质复杂，腐殖质类有机物含量高，药剂消耗量大，混凝形成的絮体沉淀性能差，常规水处理工艺处理困难。高浊度水，原水水质混浊，泥沙含量大，同时伴有大量有机物冲入水体，药剂消耗量大，浊度去除效果差等等。本文主要研究聚合氯化铝（PAC）与聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵（PDMDAAC）复配混凝剂的强化混凝技术，实现在高浊度时提高浊度去除率和在“桃花水”时提高腐殖质类及部分有毒有害有机物的去除率。PDMDAAC是季铵盐系有机高分子，试验表明该混凝剂不适合单独投加，需要与其它混凝剂复配投加。通过几种混凝剂与PDMDAAC复配试验，发现PAC与PDMDAAC复配混凝效果最好。“桃花水”时期，最优复配比例为M（PDMDAAC）：M（PAC）=1：100，复配混凝剂平均投药量为8mg/L，单独投加PAC平均投药量为14.3mg/L。试验表明复配混凝剂混凝效果优于单独投加PAC，而且复配比例越低，矾花粒径越小。采用复配混凝剂处理后，出厂水剩余铝的平均浓度为0.028mg/L；CODMn平均浓度为1.52mg/L，平均去除率为35.8%；沉淀池出水氨氮平均浓度为0.15mg/L，平均去除率为35.8%。高浊水时期，最优复配比例为M（PDMDAAC）：M（PAC）=3：500，混凝效果随着药液浓度增大而提高。浊度小于100NTU时，复配混凝剂投药量为6~15mg/L，PAC投药量为15~20mg/L；浊度在100~2000NTU时，复配混凝剂投药量为15~25mg/L，PAC（未复配）投药量为30~40mg/L；浊度在2000~6000NTU时，复配混凝剂投药量为30~40mg/L，PAC（未复配）投药量为40~60mg/L。试验表明，复配混凝剂与单独投加PAC相比，不仅可以节约较多的投药量，而且混凝效果较好。采用复配混凝剂处理后，出厂水剩余铝的平均浓度为0.034mg/L；CODMn平均浓度为1.37mg/L，平均去除率为66.82%；沉淀池出水氨氮平均浓度为0.11mg/L，平均去除率为34.81%。因此，复配混凝剂PAC-PDMDAAC可以实现在高浊度时提高浊度去除率和在“桃花水”时期提高腐殖质类或其它有机物的去除率。关键词：PAC–PDMDAAC，高浊水，“桃花水”，强化混凝重庆大学硕士学位论文II英文摘要IIIABSTRACTJialingRiveristypicalofPeachBlossomWaterinspringandthehighturbiditywaterinsummer.PeachBlossomwaterispeachhearing,itmeansthatisthecomplexityqualityoftherawwater,highcontentofhumusorganiccompounds,pharmaceuticalsconsumedinlargequantities,thepoorsedimentationoftheflocsbycoagulation,anditishardtodealwithbyconventionalwatertreatmentprocesses.Highturbiditywatermeansthatisturbidityoftherawwater,largesedimentcontent,itmainlyreferstotheturbidityofthewaterisgreaterthanorequalto1000NTU.Thecomplexcoagulantcoagulationtechnologyofaluminumchloride（PAC）andpolydiallyldimethylammoniumchloride（PDMDAAC）isresearchedtoraiseturbidityremovalinthehighturbidityandtoraisethehumusremovaloftoxicandsomehazardousorganiccompoundsinPeachBlossomWaterinthisarticle.PDMDAACisorganicpolymerquaternaryammoniuminthetest.Thetestshowsthatthecoagulantdosageisnotsuitableforaddingseparately,andwithothercoagulantdosing.ThroughcomplextestswiththeseveralcoagulantdosingandPDMDAAC,itdemonstratesthatmixedPDMDAACandPACisthebest.DuingthePeachBlossomwaterperiod,theoptimalmixtureratiowasPDMDAAC:PAC=1:100,theaveragecomplexcoagulantdosagewas8mg/L,PACwas14.3mg/L.Theproportionofcomplexwaslower,thesizeofalumwassmaller.ItshowedthatcompoundcoagulantdosingwassuperiortoPACbyproductionexperiment.Theaverageconcentrationoftheremainingaluminumwas0.028mg/Linthetreatedwaterbycompoundcoagulant;theaverageconcentrationofCODMnwas1.52mg/L,theaverageremovalratewas35.8%;theaverageconcentrationofammonianitrogenwas0.15mg/Linsettlingtankeffluent,theaverageremovalratewas35.8%.Duingthehighturbiditywater,theoptimalmixtureratiowasPDMDAAC:PAC=3:500,thecoagulationeffectincreasedwiththeincreaseofthesolutionconcentration.Whentheturbiditywaslessthan100NTU,thecomplexcoagulantdosagewas6~15mg/L,thePACwas15~20mg/L;whentheturbiditywasinthe100~2000NTU,thecomplexcoagulantdosagewas15~25mg/L,thePACwas30~40mg/L;whentheturbiditywasinthe2000~6000NTU,thecomplexcoagulantdosagewas30~40mg/L,thePACwas40~60mg/L.ItshowedthatcompoundcoagulantdosingcomparedwiththesinglePAC,itnotonlycouldsavemoredosage,andcoagulationeffectwaswell.重庆大学硕士学位论文IVTheaverageconcentrationoftheremainingaluminumwas0.034mg/Linthetreatedwaterbycompoundcoagulant;theaverageconcentrationofCODMnwas1.37mg/L,theaverageremovalratewas66.82%;theaverageconcentrationofammonianitrogenwas0.11mg/Linsettlingtankeffluent,theaverageremovalratewas34.81%.Therefore,thecomplexcoagulantPAC-PDMDAACcanraisetheturbidityremovalrateduringthehighturbiditywater,andtheremovalrateofthehumusorotherorganicmatterduringthePeachBlossomwater.Keywords:PAC-PDMDAAC,Highturbiditywater,PeachBlossomwater,Enhancedcoagulation目录V目录中文摘要..........................................................................................................................................I英文摘要.......................................................................................................................................III1绪论.........................................................................................................................................11.1课题研究背景......................................................................................................................11.1.1嘉陵江水质..................................................................................................................11.1.2水厂常规工艺现状及存在问题..................................................................................41.2混凝技术的发展..................................................................................................................51.2.1混凝机理.............