【办公室制度】二十九、办公室主任工作责任制度

:2009-02-13:(1974-),,,,,,绩效与不足:民国时期民众教育运动的制度分析周慧梅(北京师范大学校史研究室,北京100875):近代民众教育是自上而下进行教育改造和社会改造的运动,政府强制制度变迁安排是促进其迅速发展的巨大动力国民政府设立了专门行政管理体系,颁布了一系列法令,以行政力积聚和整合各种力量,社会团体相关教育实践被包容其内,民众教育成了席卷全国的教育运动,取得了一定的成绩但这种制度变迁安排自身的缺陷与弊端,也导致了这场运动绩效的流失:民众教育;国民政府;制度变迁;绩效:G529:A:1672-0342(2009)01-0107-06,,,[1],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,[1],,!∀,,,,,,,[2],,,,,,,,,[3],,,,,,,10781Vo.l8No.120093JournalofJiyuanVocationalandTechnicalCollegeMar.2009,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,[4]19287,!∀,,,;,,19333,!∀,,,,,,1927-1935,81,1932!∀,,,!∀!∀!∀!∀;!∀,!∀!∀,[5],,,,!∀,,,,,1943!∀,,,1946,,,,,,,,,,,!∀!∀,,,,,,10881Vo.l8No.120093JournalofJiyuanVocationalandTechnicalCollegeMar.2009,,,,19271949,,,,,,,,,,,[6],,,,1928!∀1935,800,100,1935,,19361600,,,,[7],!∀(),,,,!∀!∀,!∀,,[8],30,,,!∀,,,,[9]!∀5,,,,,,1933,2,905,144,[10]1936,26,1612,7000,,,,[11],,,,,,!∀,,5980,24,352,348,,756,,,,##[12],,,,,,,10981Vo.l8No.120093JournalofJiyuanVocationalandTechnicalCollegeMar.2009,,,,(一)民众教育运动的局限1929!∀,,,,,[13],,,,,,,,,,[14],,80%,,[15],,,,,,,,1933,11,089,,1225,74%[16],,,,,,,30,,,,(),,,,,[17],,,;,,,;,[18],,,30,(二)民众教育运动的绩效,,;,,,[19],,,,,,,,,,[20],,,,,,,,11081Vo.l8No.120093JournalofJiyuanVocationalandTechnicalCollegeMar.2009,,,,[21],,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(三)政府地方强权势力对民众教育运动的影响,,,[22],,,,,,,,,,[23],,,,[24],,,,,,,,,[25],,,70%,85%[26],19371943,[27],,,,,,,,,,,,,:[1].[M].:.1985.[2].∃()[G].:,1994.[3].[J].,1931,3(6).[4].[J].,1931,2(7).[5].[J].,1934,5(8).[6].[J].,1931,5(6).[7].[J].,1936,3(5).[8],.[J].11181Vo.l8No.120093JournalofJiyuanVocationalandTechnicalCollegeMar.2009,1934,6(1).[9][R].,1932,4(5).[10].[M].:,1937.[11].[J].,1931,2(8).[12].[J].,1933,4(6).[13],邨.民众教育[M].南京:世界书局,1932.[14].[J].,1937,3(1).[15].[J].,1931,2(5).[16].[J].,1932,4(6).[17].[J].,1933,2(3).[18].[J].,1932,(5).[19].[M].:,1994.[20].:[J].,2001,(2).[21].[J].(),2006,8(1).[22].[J].,1949,8(5).[23].[J].,1935,25(10).[24].[J].,1931,3(7).[25].[N].,1936-6-15(5).[26].[J].,1930,2(2).[27].(1937-1943)[R].5-11-738(--).[]AchievementandDeficiency:InstitutionalAnalysisabouttheMassEducationintheNationalGovernmentofNankingZHOUHui-mei(HistoryCollegeofBeijingNormalUniversity,Beijing100875,Beijing)Abstract:Themasseducationinmoderntimesiseducationreformationandsocietyreformfromtoptobottom.Arrangementofinstitutionalchangeforcedbygovernmentisthepowertopromoteitsdevelopmen.tTheNationalgovernmentofNankingsetupspecialadministrativesystem,madeaseriesofthemasseducationlaws,accumulatedandintegratingvariousofstrength.Relatededucationpracticeofsocialgroupisincludedtoobtaincertainofachievementandthemasseducationbecamenationalwide.Butsomedeficiencyinthisarrangementledtotheachievementloss,whichprovidedbeneficiallessonstothesocialandthevillageeducationtoday.Keywords:masseducation;nationalgovernmentofNanking;institutionalchange;achievement11281Vo.l8No.120093JournalofJiyuanVocationalandTechnicalCollegeMar.2009