专题16.3 阅读理解（说明文）（第02期）（原卷版）

2019年中考真题英语分项汇编（一）【2019•江西省中考】Everyonefaceschallengesintheirlife,butsomearemoreimportantthanothers.DanielKishhadseriousproblemswithhiseyeswhenhewasborn.Anddoctorstookawaybothofhiseyesbeforehewasfourteenmonthsold.Soonafter,however,hestartedtodoanamazingthing.Hestartedtomakeclicking(咔塔)soundswithhistongue（舌头）tohelphimmovearound.Muchlikeabat(蝙幅),henowmovesaboutusingsonar(声呐).Heissogoodatitthathecanrideabicycleintraffic.Heandhisgroup,WorldAccessfortheBlind,teachothershowtousesonar.InthisinterviewwithNationalGeographic,Kishexplainshowtheprocessworks.Howdoessonarwork?＂WhenImakeaclickingsound,itmakessoundwaves.Thesewavesreflect(反射)offsurfacesallaroundandreturntomyears.Mybrainthenprocessesthesoundsintoimages(图像).It’slikehavingaconversationwiththeenvironmentWhenyouclick,whatdoyouseeinyourmind?Eachclickislikeacameraflash.Imakea3Dimageofthethingsaroundmeforhundredsoffeetineverydirection.＂Whatisitlikeridingabikeusingsonar?＂It’sexcitingandenjoyablebutrequiresalotoffocus.Iclickuptotwotimespersecond,,muchmorethanIusuallydo.＂Isitdangeroustomovearoundtheworldinthisway?Muchoftheworldlivesinfearofthingsthatwemostlyimagine.Ihaveahabitofclimbinganythingandeverything,butIneverbrokeabone(骨头)asakid.＂Howchallengingisittoteachpeopletousesonar?＂Manystudentsaresurprisedhowquicklyresultscome.Seeingisn’tintheeyes,it’sinthemind.＂1.What’sthemainideaofParagraph2?A.Kishexplainshowsonarworks.B.Kishteachespeoplehowtousesonar.C.Kishstartedtomovearoundusingsonar.D.Kishisgoodatridingabicycleintraffic.2.Howdoessonarwork?Choosetherightorder.a.Thesoundwavesreflectoffsurfaces.b.Thepersonmakesaclickingsound.c.Thebrainmakesimageswiththesounds.d.Thesoundwavesreachthepersonsears.A.b-a-c-dB.b-d-a-cC.a-b-d-cD.b-a-d-c3.WhatcanweknowaboutKishfromthepassage?A.Healwayschallengeshimselfbravely.B.Helivesinfearofthingsthatheimagines.C.Hebecameblindwhenhewas14yearsold.D.Hebrokehisbonewhenclimbingasachild.4.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowSonarWorks.B.RidingaBikeUsingSonar.C.SeeingwiththeMind.D.HowtheBlindMoveAround.（二）【2019•天津市中考】Therearemanywaystohelpimproveyourhealthlikeeatinghealthyfood.Takingexerciseandgettingmedicalhelp.Buttheeasiestandcheapestwaytoimproveyourhealthisjusttosleepeighthoursormoreeverynight.Thegeneralsleepingruleisthattheyoungeryouare,thelongersleepyouneed.Butregardlessof(不管)age,somepeopleneedtosleepmorewhileforsomeafewhoursisenough.Theproblemwithsleepisthatmoreandmorepeopleintheworldarenotsleepingenough.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganizationoverhalfthepeopleintheworldmaybesleep-deprived.Havinglesssleepnotonlymakespeoplefeeltiredbutalsocausesaccidents.IntheUnitedStatesalone,sleepydriverscauseatleast100,000trafficaccidentsayear.Alsosleepproblemscancausemedicalproblemssuchashighbloodpressure(血压).Whyaresomanypeoplesleep-deprived?Partofthereasonsmaybecultural.IntheAmericanculture,peopleputahighervalueonworkthanonsleep.Infact,peoplewhosleepalotareusuallyseenas＂lazy＂.Also,youcansometimeshearsomepeoplesayproudlythattheydon’thavemuchtimetosleep.theyonlysleepfourorfivehoursanight.Itseemsthatthelessyousleep,themoreworkyou’lldo.Howdoweteachthesepeopletolearnthevalueofsleep?PerhapstheymaylistentotheadviceofDr.JamesMaasanexpert(专家)insleep.Hesays,＂Sleepislikeacredit(信用卡)card.Whenyousleepless.youareonlyborrowingtime.Youalwayshavetopayitback.Themorehoursyoudon’tsleep,themorehoursyoushouldtsleepto‘payback’thehoursonyour‘sleepcreditcard.’＂Forthosewhovalueworkmorethansleep,theyshouldlistentowhatafamouspersononcesaid.＂Don’tthinkyouwillbedoinglessworkbecauseyousleepduringthenight.Thatisafoolish(愚蠢的)ideawhichisheldbypeoplewhohavenoimagination.Youwillbeabletodomore.＂5.Accordingtothewriter,theeasiestandcheapestwaytoimprovehealthisto.A.eathealthyfoodeverydayB.takeexcrciscasmuchaspossibleC.getmedicalhelpwhenevernecessaryD.sleepeighthoursormoreeverynight6.Whatdoes＂slecep-deprived＂meaninParagraph2?A.Havingagoodsleep.B.Excitedaboutsleep.C.Havinglesssleep.D.Interestedinsleep.7.AccordingtoDr.JamesMaas,whatissleeplike?A.Anhour.B.Areport.C.Acreditcard.D.Apieceofpaper.8.WhatdothewordsofthefamouspersonmeaninParagragh5?A.Sleepingduringthenightisfoolish.B.Sleepingduringthenightishelpful.C.Peoplehavenocourage.D.Peoplealwaysdolesswork.9.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage’?A.TheValueofSleepB.TheValueofStudyC.TheWaysofEatingLessD.TheWaysofMakingMoney（三）【2019•江苏省苏州市】EverydaythereislessandlessspaceonEarthforrubbish.Yeteverydaywemakemoreandmorerubbish.Whatcanwedo?Wecanrecyclesomeofourrubbish.Recyclingmeansthattherubbishwillbemadeintosomethingthatcanbeusedagain.RecyclinghelpsEarth.Anditsavesspaceinrubbishdumps.Halfofeverythingthatweputintolandfillscouldberecycledinstead.Infact,mostthingsmadeofpaper,metal,glassandplasticcanberecycled.Papercanbebrokenintosmallpiecesandmadeintonewpaper.Steelandaluminumcans（金属雄）canbemelteddown（熔化）andmadeintonewcans.Thesameistrueofglassbottles.Thiscanbedoneoverandoveragain.Recyclingdoesn’ttakeasmuchenergyasmakingthesethingsthefirsttime.SowecanuselessofEarth’sfuelresources.Plasticcanbemelteddown,too.Thenitcanbeformedintoparkbenches,playgroundsandsoon.Somep