加热炉核算

辽宁石油化工大学毕业设计（论文）用纸———————————————————————摘要本文综述了世界石油化工及乙烯工业的发展现状及趋势，着重介绍我国乙烯生产及裂解炉改造技术的进展，对大庆乙烯裂解炉进行了详细考核。核算裂解炉型为SRT型裂解炉，是现今最为常见到的一种裂解炉。在常温，1.1Kg/cm2情况下向其通入原料轻柴油。通过合理的方法进行核算后，得到了对流室的热负荷为4.4×107KJ/h，辐射室的热负荷为5.2×107KJ/h。桥墙温度为959.26℃，最高火焰温度为1781.19℃，这些参数都为选材提供了直接的依据。裂解炉的热效率为91.19%，为了实现节能减排，通过分析含氧量相比现实有点过高，还有热损失的4%有很大的提升的空间，所以根据以上的分析结果对热效率可能有所提高的部分进行调节与优化，首先调节炉腔负压与烧嘴风门的开度来减少烟气中的氧含量，增加保温措施来降低热量损失，凭借以上合理的方法，烟气生成量由0.7633kmol/kg降低到了0.7454kmol/kg。燃料用量有明显的降低，最终得到裂解炉的热效率为91.8%，得到了明显的提升。关键词：乙烯；裂解；裂解炉辽宁石油化工大学毕业设计（论文）用纸———————————————————————AbstractThispaperreviewsthedevelopmentstatusandtrendsoftheworldpetrochemicalindustryandethyleneindustry,focusesonthedevelopmentofChina'sethyleneproductionandethylenecrackingfurnacetechnologicaltransformationofDaqingethylenecrackingfurnace,adetailedexamination.CalculationofcrackingfurnacetypeSRTcrackingfurnace,isnowthemostcommontoacrackingfurnace.Atroomtemperature,1.1Kg/cm2casetopassintotherawmaterialoflightdieseloil.Businessaccountingthroughreasonablemethod,theheatloadoftheconvectionchamberwas4.4×107KJ/h,theheatloadoftheradiationchamberis5.2×107KJ/h.Bridgewalltemperatureis959.26℃,Themaximumflametemperatureis1781.19℃,theseparametersareprovideddirectbasisformaterialselection.Crackingfurnacethermalefficiencyof91.19%,inordertoachieveenergy-savingemissionreduction,throughtheanalysisofoxygencontentinrealityishigh,andtheheatlossof4%hastheverybigpromotionspace,sotheadjustmentandoptimizationaccordingtotheaboveanalysisresultsmayimprovethethermalefficiencyoffurnacechamber,firstadjustthenegativepressureandnozzleofairdoortoreducetheoxygencontentinfluegas,increasetheinsulationtoreduceheatloss,bymeansofmorereasonable,smokeproductiondecreasedfrom0.7633kmol/kgto0.7454kmol/kg.Thefuelconsumptionisreducedobviously,eventuallygetcrackingfurnacethermalefficiencyof91.8%,haveclearimprove.Keywords：Ethylene;cracking;crackingfurnace辽宁石油化工大学毕业设计（论文）用纸———————————————————————目录1.文献综述........................................................................................................................11.1世界乙烯化工的发展现状................................................................................11.2我国乙烯化工的发展现状................................................................................21.3裂解技术及裂解炉的发展................................................................................41.4结焦现象及结焦抑制技术在中国的发展........................................................61.5大庆公司在乙烯生产的突破创新....................................................................71.6裂解炉核算的目的及其意义............................................................................82.核算............................................................................................................................102.1设计任务书......................................................................................................102.2核算方法..........................................................................................................122.2.1管式裂解炉的热负荷QE........................................................................122.2.2对流室热负荷QC的计算.......................................................................122.2.3辐射室热负荷QR的计算........................................................................142.3燃料计算..........................................................................................................192.3.1裂解炉的热效率....................................................................................242.3.2桥墙温度................................................................................................242.3.3最高火焰温度........................................................................................252.4计算结果一览表..............................................................................................272.5分析与讨论......................................................................................................282.5.1最高火焰温度和桥墙温度....................................................................282.5.2过剩空气系数α，烟气量及热效率η................................................282.5.3热损耗的分析与讨论............................................................................28辽宁石油化工大学毕业设计（论文）用纸———————————————————————3.改进与节能减排..........................................................................................................294.分析与讨论..................................................................................................................344.1结果对比与讨论分析......................................................................................344.2误差分析..........................................................................................................345.附录..............................................................................................................................356.谢辞..............................................................................................................................377.参考文献......................................................................................................................38辽宁石油化工大学毕业设计（论文）用纸————————————