SAP FI教程1

SAPFI模块学习笔记PATRICEUnit1Basicsettings基础设置UnitOverview单元概述Companycode,businessareas公司代码，业务范围FiscalYear会计年度Currencies货币Variantprinciple变式原则UnitObjectives单元目标Aftercompletingthisunit,youwillbeableto:•MaptheaccountingstructureofyourcompanyusingmySAPERPFinancialsorganizationalunits使用SAP财务组织单元描绘贵公司的会计结构。•Explainthemeaningoftheterms“companycode”and“businessarea”andtheirdifferences解释术语“公司代码”和“业务范围”的含义和它们的区别。•Createacompanycode创建一个公司代码。•Explaintheuseandadvantagesofthevariantprinciple解释变式原则的用法和优点。•Explainthenecessityanduseofafiscalyearvariant解释会计年度变式的必要性和用法。•Explaindifferenttypesoffiscalyearvariants解释不通类型的会计年度变式。•DefineafiscalyearvariantaccordingtoyourrequirementsSAPFI模块学习笔记PATRICE根据你的需求定义一个会计年度变式。•Assignthefiscalyearvarianttoacompanycode给公司代码分配一个会计年度变式。•DefinecurrenciesinthemySAPERPsystem给SAP系统定义货币。•Explainthemeaningofdifferentexchangeratetypes解释不同汇率类型的含义。•Maintainexchangerates维护汇率。•Usethedifferenttoolsformaintainingexchangerates使用不痛的工具维护汇率。•Explaintheoptionsformaintainingexchangerates解释维护汇率的各个选项。Lesson:OrganizationalUnits组织单元LessonOverviewReflecttheorganizationalunitsinaccountingwithmySAPERP.Explainthetermsclient,companycode,andbusinessarea解释术语.Createcompanycodesandbusinessareas.Copycompanycodes.Makecountry-specificsettings做国别设置，我们国家的特殊设置LessonObjectivesAftercompletingthislesson,youwillbeableto:.MaptheaccountingstructureofyourcompanyusingmySAPERPFinancialsorganizationalunits使用SAP财务组织单元描绘贵公司的会计结构。.Explainthemeaningoftheterms.companycode.and.businessarea.AndtheirdifferencesSAPFI模块学习笔记PATRICE解释术语“公司代码”和“业务范围”的含义和它们的区别。.Createacompanycode创建一个公司代码。BusinessExample业务例子Yourclient'scompanyisamedium-sizedenterprisebasedinthecoursecountry.Theenterpriseisasinglelegalentity.贵公司是一家中型国有公司。是独立的法律实体OrganizationalUnitsinmySAPERPFinancialsTheclientisthehighestlevelinthemySAPERPsystemhierarchy.SpecificationsordatathatisvalidforallorganizationalunitsinmySAPERPapplications(suchasexchangerates,forexample)areenteredattheclientlevel.Thiseliminatestheneedtoenterthisinformationmorethanonce.Eachclientisanindependentunitwithseparatemasterrecordsandacompletesetoftablesanddata.Usersmustenteraclientkeyandhaveausermasterrecordintheclientinordertologontothesystem.集团代码是SAP系统中最高层次的组织单位。规格或数据作为所有的在SAP集团层进入的应用的会计主体的根据。这就避免了重复输入这些信息。每个集团代码都是独立的单元，都有单独的数据记录和完整的数据表设置。用户必须输入一个客户端号和用户号才能登录系统。在client那层的数据设置对SAP中所有的组织单元都是有效的，Client与client是毫无联系的，用户是建立在client里面的用户不可以跨clientImportantorganizationalunitsinFinancials:.CompanyCode(forexternal外部的purposes目的)Acompanycoderepresents表现了anindependentbalancing/legalaccountingentity.代表一个独立的法定的会计实体.谁对外出独立报表就设计成公司代码CompanyCode.AnexampleSAPFI模块学习笔记PATRICEwouldbeacompanywithindependentaccountswithinacorporategroup.Financialstatementsrequiredbylawcanbecreatedatcompanycodelevel.Therefore,acompanycodeistheminimumstructurenecessaryinmySAPERPFinancials.Inaninternationalbusiness,operationsareoftenscattered分散acrossnumerous很多的countries.Sincemostgovernmentandtaxauthoritiesrequiretheregistration注册ofalegalentity实体foreverycompany,aseparatecompanycodeisusuallycreatedpercountry..BusinessArea(forinternalpurposes)Businessareasrepresentseparateareasofoperationwithinanorganizationandcanbeusedacrosscompanycodes.Theyarebalancingentitiesthatcancreatetheirownsetoffinancialstatementsforinternalpurposes.Itisthereforepossibletosaveandevaluatetransactionfiguresforeachbusinessarea.Theuseofbusinessareasisoptional.CreatingaCompanyCodeHint:TheIMGsuggeststhefollowingorder:.Copy,Delete,CheckCompanyCode.EditCompanyCodeDataCopyanexistingcompanycode.Thishastheadvantagethatyoualsocopytheexistingcompanycode-specificparameters.Aftercopying,youcaneditdatainyournewcompanycode.Youhavetoselectafourdigitalphanumerickeyasthecompanycodekey.Thiskeyidentifiesthecompanycodeand,forexample,mustbeenteredlaterwhenpostingbusinesstransactionsorcreatingcompanycode-specificmasterdata.Hint:Theuseofthecopyfunctionisoptional.Youcanalsodefinethecompanycodeandcarryouttheconfigurationyourself,withoutusingareferencecompanycode.SAPFI模块学习笔记PATRICECompanyCodeTheobjectsintheactivityEditCompanyCodeDataincludethefollowing:.Theaddressdataisrequiredforcorrespondenceandisrecordedonevaluationreports..Youmustdefineacurrencyforeachcompanycode.Accountsaremanagedinthecompanycodecurrency.Allothercurrenciesareinterpretedasforeign.Thesystemtranslatestheamountspostedinaforeigncurrencyintothecompanycodecurrency.ThecurrencydefinedinthecompanycodeisknowninmySAPERPFinancialsaslocalcurrency..Youmustenteralanguagekeysothatthesystemcancreatetextsautomaticallyinthecorrectlanguage;forexample,whenissuingchecks..Thecountrykeyspecifieswhichcountryistoberegardedasthehomecountry.Thesysteminterpretsallothercountriesasforeign.Thisisimportantforbusinessorpaymenttransactions,sincedifferentformsarerequiredforforeignpaymenttransactions.Thesystemalsosupportsdifferentaddressformatsforforeigncorrespondence..Whenyoudefineabusinessarea,youonlyhavetoenterafourdigitalphanumerickeyandashortdescription.SAPFI模块学习笔记PATRICECountryTemplatesInthemySAPERPstandardsystem,companycode0001isatemplateforageneralcompanycodewithchartofaccountsINTan