兰州市中低收入家庭住房保障政策研究

分类号密级UDC单位代码10733甘肃农业大学硕士学位论文兰州市中低收入家庭住房保障政策研究TheResearchontheHousingSecurityPoliciesforLow-incomeFamiliesinLanzhouCity吴婷指导教师姓名姚永鹏副教授（甘肃农业大学经济管理学院兰州730070）学科专业名称农业经济管理研究方向农业经济管理论文答辩日期2012年5月20日学位授予日期2012年6月答辩委员会主席高新才教授评阅人王富华教授韩旭峰副教授2012年6月I摘要住房是人类生存所必需的基本资料之一，住房问题关系到国计民生，是我国为了维护城市经济发展和社会稳定，体现社会公平、缩小贫富差距所必须充分重视的问题。兰州市地处西部经济欠发达地区，经济发展水平较为落后，住房困难的中低收入群体数量较多。而兰州市商品住房价格近年来高速上涨，中低收入家庭的住房存在潜在需求大、有效需求不足的特点。商品房由于房价收入比过大，多数中低收入家庭缺乏支付能力，所以兰州市中低收入家庭的住房问题难以通过商品房市场得以有效解决，这就需要兰州市政府对不同收入群体实施不同的住房政策，保障居民的基本居住权力。本文在此背景下对兰州市的中低收入家庭住房保障政策进行研究。首先介绍了住房保障政策研究的理论基础及住房保障政策的相关概念。并通过收集、整理相关文献资料，对国内外学者在住房保障政策方面的理论研究进行了综述，对国外典型国家和国内较有代表性城市住房保障政策的实践进行了介绍，它们为研究兰州市中低收入家庭住房保障政策提供了理论支撑。其次通过广泛收集、分析、归纳相关文献资料，对兰州市历年来的住房保障政策建设发展历程进行了梳理，将其分为住房保障政策的探索起步（1997年—2005年）、全面实施（2006年—2008年）和完善发展（2009年至今）三个阶段。通过对各阶段兰州市的住房保障政策进行梳理、住房保障成果进行介绍，得出兰州市政府高度重视住房保障工作并落实专门的工作机构、各类保障性住房建设成果显著的住房保障政策实施现状。在对住房保障水平的概念、特征及影响因素进行分析的基础上，通过构建住房保障水平测定模型及选取兰州市的对比城市与其进行横向比较，对兰州市的住房保障水平进行测定并进行适度性分析，然后创新性的采用住房保障水平的适度性来评价兰州市住房保障政策的实施效果。评价结果显示，兰州市经济实力差，住房保障水平低，虽然住房保障水平是适度的，但经济发展水平与住房保障水平应同时提高，住房保障政策的实施效果“一般”。依据评价结果，本文接着分析了兰州市现行住房保障政策实施过程中存在的主要问题及成因，发现我国目前缺乏适用于住房保障的专门性法律；兰州市的住房保障政策受益对象的划分缺乏合理性、政策资金和土地来源不足、保障性住房的监管机制不健全。最后在明确了完善兰州市中低收入家庭住房保障政策的基本原则的基础上，从制定适用于住房保障的专门性法律、完善住房保障政策供应体系、完善金融体系，增加土地供应、完善保障性住房的监管机制四个方面提出了具体的完善建议。关键词：兰州市；中低收入家庭；住房保障政策；住房保障水平IISUMMARYHousingisoneofthenecessarybasicneedsforhumansurvival,housingproblemsarerelatedtopeople'slivelihood,ourgovernmentmustpayfullattentiontotheproblembecauseitrelatedtothecity'seconomicdevelopmentandsocialstability,atthesametime,itcanreflectthesocialequityandnarrowthegapbetweenrichandpoor.Lanzhouisinthewesternunderdevelopedareas,thelevelofitseconomicdevelopmentislaggingbehindotherareas,whichhasalargenumberoflow-incomegroupswithhousingdifficulties.ThehousingpricesinLanzhouarerisingfastinrecentyears,sothehousingcharacteristicsoflow-incomefamiliesinLanzhouarehavingagreatpotentialdemandbutalittleeffectivedemand.Sincethepriceearningsratioofcommodityhousingistoolarge,thehousingproblemsoflow-incomefamiliesinLanzhouaredifficulttobeeffectivelyresolvedthroughthehousingmarketrecently,soinordertoprotecttheresidentslivingpower,thegovernmentofLanzhoushouldimplementthedifferenthousingpolicyondifferentincomegroups.Inthiscontext,weresearchthehousingsupportpoliciesforlow-incomefamiliesinLanzhou.Firstweintroducethetheoreticalfoundationandtherelatedconceptofthehousingsecuritypolicy.Thenthroughthecollection,compilationofrelevantliterature,wesummarizethetheoreticalstudyofhousingsecuritypoliciesfromthedomesticandforeignscholarsandintroducetheadvancedpracticeofhousingsecuritypoliciesfromthetypicalforeigncountriesanddomesticrepresentativecities,whichprovidetheoreticalsupportforthestudyofhousingsecuritypolicyinLanzhou.Followedbyextensivecollection,analysis,summarizedtherelevantliterature,wecombthedevelopmentofthehousingsecuritypolicyovertheyearsinLanzhou,whichisdividedintothreestages:theexplorationandinitialstage(1997-2005),thefullimplementationphase(2006-2008),theimprovementanddevelopmentphase(2009-present).BycombingthehousingsecuritypoliciesandintroducingtheprotectresultsofeachstageinLanzhou,weobtainedthestatusofimplementationofhousingsecuritypoliciesarethat,thegovernmentofLanzhouattachesgreatimportancetothehousingsecurityandimplementthespecializedagencies,atthesametimethebuildingoutcomesofeachtypeofaffordablehousingareremarkable.Onthebasisofanalyzingtheconcept,characteristicsandinfluencingfactorsonthelevelofhousingsupport,webuildatestmodelonthelevelofhousingsupportandselectthecomparisoncityofLanzhoutotransversecomparisonwithit,thenweestimatethelevelofhousingsupportandanalysisitsmoderateinLanzhou,atlastweevaluatetheeffectofhousingsecuritypolicyinLanzhouinnovativelyfromthemoderatelevelofhousingsupport.TheresultsoftheevaluationshowthatinLanzhoutheeconomicstrengthispoorandthelevelIIIofhousingsupportislow,althoughthelevelofhousingsupportismodest,butthelevelofeconomicdevelopmentandhousingsecurityshouldalsobeincreasedatthesametime,sowesaytheeffectofhousingsecuritypolicyinLanzhouisgeneral.Basedontheevaluationresults,wethenanalyzethemainproblemsintheimplementationprocessandtheformationoftheproblemintheexistinghousingsecuritypolicyofLanzhou,wefoundthatit'slackofspeciallawsforhousingsupportinChinacurrently,inLanzhouthedivisionoftargetbeneficiariesinhousingsecuritypolicieslackofreasonable,thesourceofthepolicyfundsandlandisnotsufficient,theregulatorymechanismoftheaffordablehousingisnotperfect.Finally,onthebasisofclearingthebasicprinciplesonthehousingsupportpoliciesforlow-incomefamiliesinLanzhou,weproposedspecificsuggestionsforimprovementfromfouraspectsthatformulatingthespeciallawsforhousingsupport,improvingthehousingsecuritypoliciessupplysystem,improvingthefinancialsystemandincreasingthesupplyofland,improvingtheregulatorymechanismofaffordablehousing.KeyWords:Lanzhoucity;Low-incomefamily;Housingsecuritypolicy;ThelevelofhousingsecurityIV目录摘要...................................................................................................................................