一般疑问句和特殊疑问句-讲解及练习

一般疑问句在英语的学习中，一般疑问句的转换及回答是经常碰到的问题，现在我们就来探讨一下有关一般疑问句的问题。一、什么是一般疑问句用Yes或No作答的疑问句叫一般疑问句。一般疑问句还有下列特点：1、以be动词、助动词或情态动词开头；例：Isyourfatherateacher?DoesCatherinelikeanimals?CanJennyspeakFrench?2、往往读升调；3、译成汉语，都可以带上“吗”，例如上面三句可分别译为：你父亲是老师吗？凯瑟琳喜欢动物吗？詹妮会说法语吗？二、例何将陈述句变成一般疑问句？要将陈述句变成一般疑问句，可以遵循下列步骤：1.看句中有没有be动词（am、is、are、was、were）、助动词（do、does、did、have、had）或情态动词（can、must、will、may等），如果有，将其提到句首，句末打上问号即可。例：Itwasrainyyesterday.→Wasitrainyyesterday?Tom'sfathercanplaythepiano.→CanTom'sfatherplaythepiano?Ihavefinishedmyhomework.→Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?2.如果句中没有be动词、助动词或情态动词，则根据谓语动词的形式借助do的相应形式放在句首。具体方法是：如果谓语动词是原形，则借do；如果谓语动词是一般现在时第三人称单数形式，则借does；如果谓语动词是过去式，则借did.需要注意的是，借does或did后，原句的谓语动词要变回原形。例：Theygotoschoolbybike.→Dotheygotoschoolbybike?Billgetsupat6:30everyday.→Doesbillgetsupat6:30everyday?Thestudentssawafilmyesterday.→Didthestudentsseeafilmyesterday?三.陈述句变一般疑问句应注意的事项陈述句变成一般疑问句除了遵循上述规则以外，还应注意下列几点：1.如果陈述句中有第一人称，则变问句时最好要变为第二人称。例：Iusuallyhavelunchatschool.→Doyouusuallyhavelunchatschool?Myfatherisplayingsoccer.→Isyourfatherplayingsoccer?2.如果陈述句中有some,则变问句时往往要变成any。例：Thereissomewaterontheplayground.→Isthereanywaterontheplayground?3.复合句变一般疑问句通常只变主句，从句不变。例：IknowhecomesfromCanada.→DoyouknowhecomesfromCanada?4．如果句中含有实义动词have且表示“有”时,除借do外，也可将其直接提到句首。例：IhavesomefriendsinAmerica.→HaveyouanyfriendsinAmerica?/DoyouhaveanyfriendsinAmerica?四.一般疑问句的回答一般疑问句往往采用简短回答，共由三部分（三个单词）组成，对这三部分（三个单词）的确定可以概括例下：1.第一个词：不是Yes就是No。（有时根据语气的不同，Yes可由Sure,Certainly,Ofcourse等代替.NO可由sorry代替.）2.第二个词：问谁答谁。即答语中的主语须与问句的主语一致（但必须用主格代词）。例：Doesshecleanherroomeveryday?Yes,shedoes.IsAnna′sfatheradoctor?No，heisn′t.如果主语是thisthat,回答时用it代替，如果问句中主语these,those,回答时用they′代替。3.第三个词：用什么问，用什么答。即沿用问句中的引导词。CanJimplaysoccer?Yes,hecan./DoesMrBeanspeakEnglish?Yes,hedoes.需要注意问题：（1）.用may引导的问句，肯定回答用may，否定回答用can′t或mustn′t，用must引导的问句，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn′t.例：MayIgototheparknow?Yes,youmay./No,youmustn′t.MustIwashmyclothesnow?Yes,youmust./No,youneedn′t.4．用No开头作否定回答时,结尾要加上not。因为回答必须是三部分，所以否定回答必须缩写，而肯定回答不能缩写。例:DidThomascomehereyesterday?Yes,hedid./No,hedidn′t.IsLinLininClass3?Yes,sheis./No,sheisn′t.或（No,she′snot）.1.HisfatherisanEnglishteacher.2.Thesecatsarecrying.3.Theycanswim.4.IliketoreadEnglish.5.Igotoschoolonfoot.6.HelikesEnglish.7.Hisfathergoestoworkbybus.8.Heiscryingunderthetree.9.HisbirthdayisonthetwentiethofNovember.10.Mrs.LiandKittyareinabigshop.11.Kittyiswearinghernewuniform.12.Theboyunderthetreeishungry.13.Hegoestoschooleveryday.15.Iwanttohaveamodelcar.16.Shewantsacupofcoffee.17.Mrs.LiandKittywatchtelevisionatnight.18.Idomyhomeworkafterschool.特殊疑问句以疑问词开头，对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。常用的疑问词有：whatwhowhosewhichwhenwherehowwhy等。特殊疑问句有两种语序：１．如疑问词作主语或主语的定语，即对主语或主语的定语提问，其语序是陈述句的语序：疑问词（＋主语）＋谓语动词＋其他成分？如：whoissingingintheroom﹖whosebikeisbroken﹖２．如疑问词作其他成分，即对其他成分提问，其语序是：疑问词＋一般疑问句语序？如：whatclassareyouin﹖Whatdoesshelooklike﹖Whereareyoufrom﹖Whattimedoeshegetupeverymorning﹖Howdoyouknow﹖特殊疑问词+助动词+主语+动词原形+其他？eg:WheredoyoudostudyEnglish?特殊疑问词+be动词+主语+其他？eg:WhyisyourMumsoangry?特殊疑问词+情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他？eg:WhatcanIdoforyou?注意：１．回答特殊疑问句时，不能用yes／no，即问什么答什么，尤其是简略回答。如：WhoisfromCanada﹖Helen(is)．Where'stherestaurant﹖Nearthestation．Whydoyoulikekoalas﹖Becausetheyarecute．特殊疑问句练习题（一）一、选择正确的单词填空(who,where,when)1._____isthatprettygirl?Sheismysister.2._____areJackandTom?Theyarebehindyou.3._____doyougotoschool?IgotoschoolfromMondaytoFriday.4._____hasabeautifulflower?Johnhasabeautifulflower.5._____arethey?Theyaremyparents.6._____ismymother?Sheisinthelivingroom.7._____areyougoing?Wearegoingtothebakery(面包坊).8._____doJimandWendyplayball?Theyplayballintheafternoon.9._____doeshejog?Hejogsinthepark.10._____areyoufrom?I'mfromChangchuncity.二、就画线部分提问1.Heismyfather.2.Theyareunderthetree.3.IoftenwatchTVafterdinner.(晚饭后)提示：饭后强调的是时间问题。4.Lilyswimsintheswimmingpool.(游泳池)5.Supermanfliesinthesky.6.Ioftenbrushmyteethintheevening.7.AlanlikestoplaywithBill.8.Joe'sfatherplaysbadminton(羽毛球)everyweekend.9.Thesupermarketisneartheschool.10.Thelaptop(笔记本电脑)isonthetable.11.Jenniferhasapairofearrings(耳环).12.Theflowersareintheflowerpot(花盆).13.Mygrandpatookustothezoo.14.Iputthegoldfish(金鱼)intothefishtank(鱼缸).15.Themonkeysleepsatnight.特殊疑问句练习（二）一．用whattime,whatcolor,whatday,what填空。1.A:_____________isit?B:Itisnineo’clock.2.A:_____________doesyourmothergetup?B:Mymothergetsupat6:30.3.A:_____________doyougotobed?B:Igotobedat10:00.4.A:_____________doDianaandFionahavesupper?B:DianaandFionahavesupperat18:00.5.A:_____________isit?B:Itispurple.6.A:_____________isthesky?B:Theskyisblue.7.A:_____________isyourcoat?B:Mycoatisblack.8.A:_____________isthedog?B:Thedogiswhite.9.A:_____________istoday?B:TodayisMonday.10.A:_____________istomorrow?B:TomorrowisTuesday.11.A:_____________wasyesterday(昨天)?B:YesterdaywasSunday.12.A:_____________doyoulike?B:Ilikered.13.A:______isthis?Thisisacomputer(电脑).14.A:______areyoudoing?B:Weareplayingbasketball.15.A:______doesyourmotherdo?B:Mymotherisapolicewoman.16.A:______arethose?B:Thosearepeppers(辣椒).17.A:______isinthebox?B:Alovelydollisinthebox.18.A:______isonthetable?B:Theappleisonthetable.19.A:______isintheclassroom?Theblackboardisintheclassroom.