资产专用性_机会主义和合约安排

2XX)9245()JoulnalofAsUlluniveoity(PhilosodsiScncesPtenr20Vol.24NO,5(,230039);,,,,,:;;;:73.4:A:10015019(2X))05,,,,,,:,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,;,,,,,,,,:2(XX)27:(99BJU)23):(1955),,,,;(1969),,,.,,:,,,:(l)(Siteassetspecificity),;(2)(physicassetspecificity),;(3)(hurnanassetspeeifiei):(4)(dedicatedsetspeeifiei),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(lockin),,,,:,,,,,,:,,,,,,,,,,,:,(approPriablespecificityquasirents),,,,,,,7,,,:1.,,2.,,,,,,,,,,,,:(exante)(ex),,,,,,,,,(relatedspecifyinves~t),Ml,MZ,0,1,iMl;R(i)Ml,R(i)-P,Ml,P,,MI:(i;A),:(i;A)PR(i)P(A)eM20,C(e)MZ,,PC(e),,MZ,C(e;B),P,1PC(e;B)(B),:,:R(i)P+PC(e)=R(i)C(e),::(I;A)P,+Pc(e;B)=:(i:A)C(e;B),R(i)C(e):(i;A)(e;B)Oi,e,,[R(i)C(e)[r(i;A)c(e;B),,8,:l=RP=rp,+1/2(RC)(re)p+l/ZR+l/ZrlC+l/Ze=PC=P,l/ZCl/Zc+l/ZR1/Zr:P=P+l(Rr)l(C):MaxR(i)iC(e)eR(i)=lIC,(e)I=l,,0,:li=P,+l/2R(i)+l/2r(i;A)l/ZC(e)+1/2e(e:B)ie==Pl/2C(e)1/2e(e;B)+l/2R(i)l/Zr(i:A)e:l/2R(s)+l/2r,(i;A)=l1/2IC,(e)!+l/2IC,(e:B)I=l,,,ii*ee,,MI,,1/ZR(i)+l/Zr,(i,A)R(I),MZ,,1.:,,,,,(),,,,,,;,,,,,,(),,,;,;,9,,2.:,,,,,,,,,:,,,,,,,,3:,,,,,(Seifenforcing),,,,:,(),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(PhilippeAgllionandPatrickBolton1992)(AghinnandTimle,1997),(YnKooCheandDonaldB.Haushx998):(l),,,(2),,90,,,,(3),,,,53ll;,¼;,,17(:,18),5:,,17,:À¼O,180O:(),,À,181,179OO,179150OÀ,150O,505;:)),,12,37¼,5500,180,À,150,5¾¹,150181,5510@,181,507sn:(n,l],,,,.M].,1996.2.M].,l.3,,,.M].,1.4].M].,1998.5G..M.,1998.6.M.,17;M].,18.7.M].,1998.s]D..M].,2(XX).9Hartolive:andBenbtHot1.etheoryofC~ts[M.Advallcesin01101F11woddTrolllallF.&wley(ed)Canv.preSS,1987.10chaynkooandn[dBH~h.~I~ntsandthevalueofc~tingJ].e6callonolcReviewl)3.:53