2019七年级英语上册补习资料一

ShortestPathBridging802.1AQLuiSimonetti&GatesZengAvaya-Proprietary.UsepursuanttoyoursignedagreementorAvayapolicy.2Wherearewecomingfrom?L2BridgedNetworksL2networksdidnotscaleWhy?1.TheMACaddress–L2addressing=MACaddressTheMACaddressisaflataddresswithnosummarizationorhierarchypossible2.NoScalableControlPlane–WithnoaddressinghierarchypossibleitwasnotpossibletohaveaLinkStateProtocolforL2networkswhichcouldscale3.NoL2OAMtools4.LimitedVirtualization–Only802.1QVLANtaggingL3IPRoutedNetworksSoL3(IP)routinghadtobeusedintheCoreWhy?1.TheIPaddressstructure–canbesummarizedintonetworksusinganetmask–CorenodesdonotneedtoknoweverysingleIPaddressonthenetwork(theyhavenoARPcache)2.ScalableControlPlane–AvailabilityofLinkStateProtocolssuchas:IS-IS&OSPF3.IPOAMTools–ping,traceroute4.IPVirtualizationpossible–ButrequiresBGP&MPLSforscalabilityAvaya-Proprietary.UsepursuanttoyoursignedagreementorAvayapolicy.3IEEEL2EthernetevolutionStandardYearNameLoopfreetopologyby:ServiceID‘sProvisioningVirtualizationofIEEE802.1Q1998VirtualLans(VLANTagging)SpanningTreeSMLT4096EdgeandCoreLayer2IEEE802.1ad2005ProviderBridging(QinQ)SpanningTreeSMLT4096x4096EdgeandCoreLayer2IEEE802.1ah2008ProviderBackboneBridging(MacInMac)SpanningTreeSMLT16Mil.EdgeandCoreLayer2IEEE802.1aq2011ShortestPathBridging(SPBV&SPBM)Link-State-Protocol(IS-IS)16Mil.OnlyServiceAccessPointsIEEE:Layer2IETFdraft:Layer3Unicast&MulticastIEEE802.1ag2007ConnectivityFaultManagement(CFM)DiscoveryandverificationofpaththroughIEEEbridgednetworkEthernet=IEEEAvaya-Proprietary.UsepursuanttoyoursignedagreementorAvayapolicy.4ThebalanceshiftstoSPBL2SPBNetworksNowaL2SPBnetworkscales1.MACinMAC–802.1ahbringsaddressinghierarchy&summarisationtoEthernetbasednetworks2.ScalableControlPlane–802.1aqSPBMleveragesMACinMACandusesIS-ISforBMACreachability3.L2OAMtool–802.1agbringssophisticatedOAMtools,whichcancomplementandenhancetraditionalIPOAMtools4.DesignedforVirtualization–802.1ahintroducesaServiceID(I-SID)whichcanscaleto16millionservicesL3IPRoutedNetworksDifficulttovirtualizeonaIPCore1.TheIPaddressstructure–canbesummarizedintonetworksusinganetmask–CorenodesdonotneedtoknoweverysingleIPaddressonthenetwork(theyhavenoARPcache)2.ScalableControlPlane–AvailabilityofLinkStateProtocolssuchas:IS-IS&OSPF3.IPOAMTools–ping,traceroute4.Complex/CostlyVirtualization–RequiresBGP&MPLSforscalability–RequiresVPLSforL2virtualizationoveranL3coreAvaya-Proprietary.UsepursuanttoyoursignedagreementorAvayapolicy.555VirtualizationTechnologyComparisonMPLSversusVENAe.g.PIMProtocolInfrastructuree.g.RIP/OSPFProtocolInfrastructuree.g.RFC4364ProtocolInfrastructuree.g.DraftRosenProtocolInfrastructuree.g.802.1q/DProtocolInfrastructure802.1Q(VLAN)802.1D(STP)UCIGP(IS-ISorOSPF)Layer3UnicastServiceLayer3MulticastServiceLayer3VirtualizedMulticastServiceSONET,SDH,Ethernet,etc…PhysicalInfrastructureTop–DownVerticaldependencyLayer3VirtualizedUnicastServiceLayer3VirtualizedMulticastServiceLayer3VirtualizedUnicastServiceLayer3MulticastServiceLayer3UnicastServiceLayer2VirtualizedServiceIP/SPB,SPBm/SPBmProtocolInfrastructureEthernetPhysicalInfrastructureHorizontallyIndependentConnectivityServicesindependentfromInfrastructuree.g.VPLSProtocolInfrastructureLayer2VirtualizedUnicastServiceMPLSAvaya-Proprietary.UsepursuanttoyoursignedagreementorAvayapolicy.666UnderstandingShortestPathBridgingMacinMac–802.1ahencapsulationControlPlane–SPBusesIS-ISDataPlane–SPBTerminology:BEB,BCB,BVLAN,CVLAN...–LoadsharingtrafficwithSPB’sEqualCostTrees–LoopsuppressionusingRPFC–SPB’shierarchicaladdressing:L2VSN&L3VSN–SPBusesMulticastTrees–QOS&DiffServoverSPBOperations,Administration&Maintenance(OA&M)–SPBleverages802.1agCFM&Y.1731PerformanceMonitoringAvaya-Proprietary.UsepursuanttoyoursignedagreementorAvayapolicy.7SPBm802.1ahMac-in-MacEncapsulationDASAPayloadVLANIDDASAPayloadC-VIDB-DAB-SAB-VID802.1Q802.1ahProviderBackboneBridgesLegend:SA=SourceMACaddressDA=Dest.MACaddressVID=VLANIDC-VID=CustomerVIDI-SID=24BitServiceIDB-VID=BackboneVIDB-DA=BackboneDAB-SA=BackboneSAI-SIDTunnelIdentifiersServiceIdentifiersCustomerVLANsDASAPayloadCustomerwithNoVLANTagsorConsolidatedServiceandTunnelSimplifiedandintegratedforwardinglikeMPLSwithoutthecomplexityAvaya-Proprietary.UsepursuanttoyoursignedagreementorAvayapolicy.8SPBServiceTypeencapsulationsServiceTypesGlobalRoutinginstance(IPShortcuts)IPC-MACDataIPB-MACDataL2VSNIPC-MACDataIPC-MACDataL3VSNI-SIDIPB-MACDataC-MACEdgeSPBMIPC-MACDataIPVPN-LiteoverSPBI-SIDIPB-MACData*C-MACIPB-MACDataServiceIP*C-MACheaderisNULLNodeANodeBNodeCNodeDBEBBEBBCBBCB802.1ahMAC-in-MACregularIPonEthernet802.1ahMACinMACIP-in-IPonEthernetAvaya-Proprietary.UsepursuanttoyoursignedagreementorAvayapolicy.999UnderstandingShortestPathBridgingMacinMac–802.1ahencapsulationControlPlane–SPBusesIS-ISDataPlane–SPBTerminology:BEB,BCB,BVLAN,CVLAN...–LoadsharingtrafficwithSPB’sEqualCostTrees–LoopsuppressionusingRPFC–SPB’shierarchicaladdressing:L2VSN&L3VSN–SPBusesMulticastTrees–QOS&DiffServoverSPBOperations,Administration&Maintenance(OA&M)–SPBleverages802.1agCFM&Y.1731PerformanceMonitoringA