基于LabVIEW和Web的电能质量监测系统

上海交通大学硕士学位论文基于LabVIEW和Web的电能质量监测系统姓名：王霄桦申请学位级别：硕士专业：电力系统及其自动化指导教师：程浩忠20070201ILabVIEWWebITLabVIEWd-qWeb/WebLabVIEWWebd-qIIPOWERQUALITYMONITORINGSYSTEMBASEDONLABVIEWANDWEBABSTRACTInrecentyearsgreatchangehastakenplaceinloadstructureofelectricpowersystem,theinfluenceonpowerqualitycausedbynon-linear,impacting,unbalancedloadhasarousedgreatattention.Ontheotherhand,theadjustmenttotheindustrialstructure,madehigh-techindustry,suchasITindustry,microelectronicsindustry,etc.developrapidly,andthesesensitiveusersbringforwardamorerigorousrequestonpowerquality,especiallytransientpowerquality.Itisimpossibletomanagepowerqualityofpowergridwithoutfullandaccuratepowerqualitydatum.However,themainreasonthatpowerqualitymonitoringofourcountrylagsbehindtheoneofdevelopedcountries,isthelackofeffective,comprehensivepowerqualitymonitoringsystem.Theresearchanddevelopmentofpowerqualitymonitoringsystemproposedbythispapercouldbedividedintotwostages.Inthefirststage,combinedwiththeideaofvirtualinstrument,theoutstandingdevelopingplatformofLabVIEWisusedtodevelopthepowerqualitymonitoringterminal,foritsflexibledataflowprogrammingabilityandabundantfunctions.Andthemonitoringterminalcanmonitorallfivesteadypowerqualityindexesstatedinnationalpowerqualitystandards,includingvoltagedeviation,frequencyvariation,voltagefluctuationandflicker,unbalanceinthree-phase.Meanwhile,thispaperutilizesamethodbasedonintegratedmathematicsmorphologyfiltersandnon-delayd-qtransform.TheresultofsimulationanddynamicexperimentindicatesthatIIIthismethodhasstronganti-interferenceability,fasterdynamicresponsespeedandhigherprecision,andithasbeenappliedintheonlinemonitoringterminalproposedbythispapersuccessfully.Inthesecondstage,thispaperdesignsaregionalqualitymonitoringsystembasedonWeb;amixedclient/servermodeisadopted.Sowhatusersneedtodoisjustdownloadingthepowerqualityfunctionalcomponentstogetoverallinformationofregionalpowerqualityusingwebbrowser,andlogonthemonitoringterminalconvenientlytoobserverrealtimestatusaswell.KEYWORDS:PowerQuality,OnlineMonitoring,LabVIEW,Web,Database,Sag,Surge,MathematicalMorphology,D-qtransform,Client,Server20072120072120072111.1[1,2][3~5]2[6][7]10%0.1s15%1998500[8]2020[3,9]19951MW1001269%83%[10]90%[11]31.2SMS1[15~19]242000S.Santos[20][21,22][23,24][25]8[26]ANNANNANN[27]ANNANN[28]FFT/WT8AIAI[29][30,31][32]2090[33,34]5[35][36]1.31LabVIEW2d-q3Web/Web62.12.2DFTFFTDFTFFTFFT2FFTLFFTlinear-interpolation-basedFFTPFFTparabolic-interpolation-basedFFT[42]FFTVK.JainFFTT.GrandkeHarming[43]FFTVK.JainTGrandke7FFT[44]DFT[45]2.3DaubechiesB-MorletMeyersurgesagmomentaryinterruption[46]MRAMallat8MRA[47][48]Daubechies[49]33-610-6~10-5[50-53]2.42.4.1MathematicalMorphologyDilation)ErosionOpeningClosing9f(n)g(n)F={0,1,,N-1}G={0,1,,M-1}NMg(n)f(n){}()()max()():fgnfnxgxxG⊕=−+∈(2-1){}()()min()():fgnfnxgxxGΘ=+−∈(2-2)n=(0,1,2,,N-1)g(n)2.4.2(2-3)(2-4)()()()()fgnfggn=Θ⊕o(2-3)()()()()fgnfggn•=⊕Θ(2-4)3[]()()()()()focgnfggn=•o(2-5)[]()()()()()fcognfggn=•o(2-6)[]()()()()()/2fhfgnfgfgn=+•o(2-7)10[][]()()()()()()()()/2fahgnfocgfcogn=+(2-8)2.52.5.12.5.1.1FFTufLfHALAHfsfLfsfH,fH=fL+nfsnfskAsin(2)Asin(2())Asin(2)HHHLsHLssskkkffnfffffπππ=+=(2-9)FFTfHfLfsfL12.8k3kHz2.5.1.2Nx(nTs)w(nTs)x(nTs)w(nTs)X(Ω)W(Ω)x(nTs)Sa2-1112-1Fig.2-1SpectrumofRectangularWindowΩ2/NTsW(jΩ)NTsNTsSaNx(nTs)AffSaSaSaf(2-10)02()(1)cos(),n=0,1,,N-1kkkkwnaknNπ=−∑L(2-10)k2.5.1.3x(n)X(k)x(n)x(n)x(n)12NFFT2.5.22.5.2.12000V10220V/380VV1060W/100VIEC230V/60WIECIECIECIECIEC[55~58]IEC[59]FFTFFT13[61,62][63]2.5.2.2()(1cos)cosutAmttω=+Ω(2-11)AωmΩ222222222222()(1)coscos2224(1cos2cos2()cos2()2288AmmAutmAttAmmAmAtttωωω=++Ω+Ω++++Ω+−Ω+L(2-12)m22cos24mAtΩ0.053522()cosAvtmAt≈Ω(2-13)[63,64]FFT12FFT3142.6IEC15LabVIEW3.1LabVIEWNILabVIEWLabVIEW3.23.2.11232080DSPASICPC163.2.241GPIBGeneralPurposeInterfaceBus23VXI4PXI3-1PCDAQ5V10VDAQFIFOA/DFIFOPC3-1Fig.3-1HardwareDiagramofVirtualInstrument173.2.3PC121234553.3LabVIEWNILabVIEWLabWindows/CVI18CWindowsANSICLabVIEW3.3.13.3.1.1PTCT/3-2Fig.3-2HardwareWorkingFlow5VAC10VAC,PCIUSBPCMCIAGPIBPCEMC19DSPPC3-13-1LabviewP41.7256MADLINKDAQ-20054500k/s512samplesFIFO0.03%WBV11S070.230kHz15usWBI11S070.230kHz15us3.3.1.2(1)(2)203-33-3Fig.3-3SketchMapofSingleGroundingSpot3.3.23-43-4Fig.3-4SoftwareStructureofPowerQualityMonitoringTerminal213.43.4.1DMALabVIEWLabVIEWLabVIEWDAQDAQLabVIEWDAQI/ODAQDAQFIFOFIFOADCDAQ-200516512DAQDMAdirectmemoryaccessbusmasteringDAQCPUPCIRAMCPUPCIPXI/CompactPCIIEEE1394132Mbytes/sDMA3-5DMADAQRAMCPURAM3-5RAMfig.3-5ParallelOperationusingRAM223.4.2412800//20480251201DAQ-20054MHz50Hz2561282350sagsurge251200.4s0.4s5120P41.7GHzCPU60803LabVIEWAIContBufferSetup3.53.5.13.5.1.1LabVIEWFFT3-624FFTQueueQueueQueue8Queue3-6Fig.3-6SoftwareFlowofHarmonicsAnalysisLabVIEW23000Hz6050FFTHanning0[66,67],2i[0.540.46cos()],=,i=0,1,2,,N-1Niyxπωω=−L(3-1)2550Hz12800/51202050Hz0.1Hz20FFT3.5.1.2Queue1351015LabVIEWQueueLabVIEWVIQueueFIFOQueueQueueQueueQueueQueue883.2sQueue263.5.2(3-2)1201NkkiUuTT−==∆∑(3-2)kT∆kukNkT∆/TTN∆=1201NkiUuN−==∑(3-3)(3-4)NNU-U100%U×(3-4)UUN3.5.312f3274DFTFFTDFTFFT3.5.4S(t)3-7S(t)1005120050FFT0.05Hz35H