6Sigma基础知识培训

1Workspresentation2•••••36Sigma6Sigma4HYT6sigmaIBMLGSAMSUNGSONGHITACHI‘80’80’811000X‘94IBM’94’9875’9915‘98‘98,199951056Sigma–纪年利润不断竞对为了创立率罗拉须导罗拉须导为们场竞不断为们场竞不断击败这更产质量更击败这更产质量更产产罗拉罗拉66Sigma6SigmaMotorolaMotorola•••76Sigma–项项将为现将来将为现将来理应来理应来JackWelch,ExJackWelch,Ex--CEOForGECEOForGE伟伟执行执行8TEXASINSTRUMENTDUPONT…………9Question?Question?••66Sigma?Sigma?••66Sigma?Sigma?10,,11SixSigmaisallaboutmakingmoney!金钱金钱利润利润理理AlliedSignalAlliedSignal$800million$800millionGeneralElectricGeneralElectric$1billion$1billionPolaroidPolaroid$100million$100millionTexasInstrumentsTexasInstruments$360million$360million12GeneralElectricGeneralElectric’’ssstockperformancestockperformance!!AnalystmayraiseearningsAnalystmayraiseearningsexpectationifaSixSigmaexpectationifaSixSigmainitiativeismadepublicinitiativeismadepublicWallStreetnotices6Sigma!13146Sigma15™6?™6?™6?™?16σ•••••••••“”17Sigma,..µ=ΣxN=9.8=9.8σ=Σ(µ-x)2N-1=0.327=0.32791110µµµss1817426158793257118424849586286584676861042959456947675666552543530255075100125=17=11802550751001255319…202122™?™6?™6?™6?23•Define•Measure•Analyze•Improve•Control246Sigma.(,)..25WhatarewedoingtoachievethoseWhatarewedoingtoachievethoseobjectives?objectives?6Sigma(D6Sigma(DMAICMAICandandDFSSDFSS))26™?™6?™6?™6?27TargetCustomerSpecification1σ3σA3σprocessbecause3standarddeviationsfitbetweentargetandspec3σ6.6%Defects6.6%DefectsTargetCustomerSpecificationBeforeAfter1σ2σ3σ4σ5σ6σ6σ!NoDefects!NoDefects!2σ286sigmaµµAverageDeviationfromMean1σ1σTTUSLUSLp(d)p(d)123456σ29306SigmaAggressiveGoal–SigmaSigmaPPM2308,537366,80746,210523363.4σσPPMPPM力力31SigmaLong-TermYieldStandard3Sigma93.32%Historical4Sigma99.379%Current5Sigma99.9767%Intermediate6Sigma99.99966%Long-Run3299%Good(3.8Sigma)99.99966%Good(6Sigma)时遗不饮不术不降落年错误时力应断时遗不饮不术年不降落年错误年时力应断33™?™6?™6?™6?346Sigma•6356Sigma•6(measurement)366Sigma•6376Sigma•386Sigma•6396Sigma•406Sigma4142UnitsofMeasureµµy=f(x)=1/(2)1/2e-1/2(x-u/)243µ=0=1Ζ=(µ=0=1Ζ=(y=f(x)=1/(2)1/2e-1/2(x)2Xii=1NNxii=1nn(Xi-u)2i=1NN(xi-x)2i=1nn-144451.1...•6Sigma“”•461.11.1..SupplierSupplierCustomerCustomerQualityQualityDeliveryDeliveryPricePriceDefectsDefectsCycleTimeCycleTimeCostCost关为关为关关CTQ:CriticalToQualityCTD:CriticalToDeliveryCTC:CriticalToCost471.21.2..1E_MAILPPC234849:Kano:Kano502.2.,Y=f(x),Y=f(x)♦Y♦关♦过♦♦状♦监传数传数♦X1,X2……XN♦独立♦过♦♦问题♦51„Y„Dependent„Output„Effect„Symptom„Monitor„X1...XN„Independent„Input-Process„Cause„Problem„Controlff(X1,X2(X1,X2……))Y=Y=KPIV//KPOV//523.3.DPU/DPPM/DPMODPU/DPPM/DPMO=anopportunityfordefectDay1Day1Day2Day2Day3Day3DPU:DefectsPerUnitDPPM:DefectivePartsPerMillionDPMO:DefectsPerMillionOpportunity534.4.HiddenFactoryHiddenFactoryHiddenFactory骤骤11骤骤22VA不NVA浪费Waste545.5.RTYRTYRTY:RolledThroughputYieldRTY:RolledThroughputYield过检过检率为率为95.5%95.5%产率产率97%97%率为率为94.4%94.4%浪费浪费45,00045,000ppmppm浪费浪费30,00030,000ppmppm浪费浪费56,00056,000ppmppm浪费浪费131,000131,000ppmppmRTY=.955*.97*.9RTY=.955*.97*.944=87.4%44=87.4%556.6.55=95/100=95%=95/100=95%FinalYieldFinalYieldS1S2S3S4S5S6S7CTQCTQCTQTestS8100CTQ95不25511.检S2现2不2.检S5现13.检S7现5这了-HiddenFactory567.Cp/Cpk/Pp/Ppk/Zst/Zlt7.Cp/Cpk/Pp/Ppk/Zst/ZltUSLLSLUSL:UpperSpecificationLevelLSL:LowerSpecificationLevelCp=/=/Cp=Cpl=Cpu=Cpk=min(Cpl,Cpu)Zst=3CpkPp=Ppl=Ppu=USL-LSL6stUSL-LSL6ltu-LSL3ltUSL-u3stx-LSL3stUSL-x3stCpk=min(Cpl,Cpu)Zlt=3PpkZst=Zlt+1.5Cpk-Ppk=0.5576“”“”5859/(Variation)6061.......$6263(Xbarw/Spec)64DD65DD666768(6Sigma)697071727374?……75?……76?77?7879