北京市水资源安全与工业用水管理方法探讨

:2002209;:2002210:(KXCX2SW2317):(19652),,,,:100726301(2002)0620625207,(,100101):,135%,,,:(1),(2),,,(3),,::;;;:F3231213:A14213108m3,23108m3,1913108m3300m320,,,,,,,1994200030121108m3,40189108m3(1),135%,40%314,216200211PROGRESSINGEOGRAPHYVol.21,No.6Nov.,2002©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,,1Tab11WaterResourceandWaterUseinBeijing19944515101541914781251111110540142271211995301410141161399182216401523917826187199643131216419116816821210152431212713919972213111811231111434012625185199838191018415169195212911794014725152199914122101561513191862184311441171261762000161861015213181011931221694014271153012110193161843917321381162401892616831997,,1Fig11IndustrialproductionvalueinBeijingfrom198020002198020001117716(1),20801011108m3,25%(1)20,,[1,2],,[3],,,,,,[48],,,,626212121,19997©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,,,,3,311,,,,()?,,,,,,[9],,,,1560,,,,,,312[10,11],:,,,,,,,,,,,7266:,,19991(),,199512,,199811,,,20013,,200110,20006©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,V=QöNQ=Q+Q+Q+QV,Q,,NQ,Q,Q,Q,,(),,,,,V=QömV,Q,mW=QöFW,Q,F,,,,,,,313,,,,,,,:Q=VNV,Q,,N,,:Q=Q+QQ,Q,,,,Q=kQk,82621©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,:Q=mVm;V,,:Q=VN+Q:Q=V1N1+V2N2++VnNm+Q,,,Q:Q=Q+Q-QQ?,,,,,,Q,:(1):,,(2),,(3),,,,(4),,,,,,,,,,Q=kQQ,K,K=k(s1,s2,s3,s4)S1S2S3S4S1S2,,,S3,,,,,9266:©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,S4,,,4,,,,,,30%,,,,,,,pHCOD,,,,,5,:(1),135%20(2),(3),,,,,,,(4),,,:03621©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.:[1].[J].,2000,19(1).[2],..[M],2001.[3].[J].,2001,20(1).[4],,.[M].,1989.[5],.[M].,1998.[6].[M].,1984.[7].[M].,2000.[8],.[M].,2000.[9].[M].,1998.[10]2010[M].,1999.[11],,.[M].,1989.WaterResourceSecurityandMethodResearchonEnactmentandManagementofIndustrialWaterUseinBeijingZHANGShi2feng,JIAShao2feng(InstituteofGeographicalSciencesandNaturalResourcesResearch,CAS,Beijing100101China)Abstract:Watersecurityproblemsareveryserious.Thewaterresourceuserateisnow135%inBeijing.WaterusemanagementinindustryplaysakeyroleinaddressingBeijingwatersecuritychallenge.Enactmentandmanagementonindustrialwaterquotaisofgreatimportanceforscientificresearchandapplication.Thepaperdefinesthequotaofindustrialwateratfirst,thenexpoundssomefundamentalmethodsanddrawssomeconclusionsasfollows:(1)industrialwaterquotaincludesprimaryquotaandassistantquota.Primaryquotaisthewaterquantitywhichisusedtoyieldunitproduct,anditincludestwoparts:thewaterforproductprocessandthatforassistantproductionprocess.Assistantquotaincludesaffiliatedlifewaterquotaandenterprise’swaterconsumptionperunitproductionvalue;(2)thetechnicalprocessofproductionisthemainfactortodefineindustrialwaterquota.Oncethetechnicalprocessofproductionisdetermined,theunitproduction’swaterconsumptionquotaisafixedvalue.Whilethesameproductionismanufactured,differentwaterquotacanbeusedifdifferentmaterialandtechniquesareusedinthecourseofmanu2facture;(3)themethodonmanagementofquotaisdiscussed.Itisconsideredthatthekernelofthemanagementofwaterquotaistoconvertwaterquotaintowaterwithdrawalcriterionwhichcanbeofeasyoperationinrespectiveindustriesandenterprises.Thewaterwithdrawalcriterionisdecidedonthebasisofwaterquotaandalsosuchfactorsasaffiliat2edlifewater,thescaleofenterprise,therateofworkingtimeofenterprise,themanage2mentlevelofwatersavingofenterpriseandseasonalfluctuation.Keywords:industrialwateruse;management;Beijing;Watersecurity1366:©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.