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1小学英语讲义名词所有格一、名词所有格名词所有格的构成:名词所有格表示这一名词与他人、他物的所属关系,相当于中文“…的…”。例如:XiaoZhang’ssister小张的姐姐名词所有格有以下表达方式:名词词尾加's的所有格1.一般情况在名词后加's例如:Thatgirl'scoatisintheroom.那个女孩的衣服在房间里。2.在以s结尾的名词(包括以s结尾的复数名词)后面,只加'。如果复数名词不是以s结尾的,末尾也要加's。例如:TodayisSeptember10th,Teachers'Day.今天是九月十日,教师节。Children'sDayiscoming,Ishouldbuysomethingnewformyson.儿童节马上就要到了,我应该为我的儿子买一些新东西。3.表示词组内的并列名词各自的所有关系时,须在各个名词后加's;如果一个东西为两个人或者两个以上的人共同拥有,只在最后一个名词后面加's。例如:TheyareJohn'sandKate'srooms.Howbeautifultheyare!这是约翰和凯特的房间。它们(指房间)太漂亮了!HeisLilyandLucy'sfather.他是莉莉和露西的爸爸。4.表示某人的家、店铺等的所有格,一般可以省略它后面所修饰的名词。例如:MyfatherandIwillhavedinnerattheJohnson's(home)。我爸爸和我将要去约翰逊的家吃晚饭。Wewillhaveourhaircutatthebarber's(shop)tomorrowafternoon.明天下午我们要去理发店理发。5.有些指时间、距离、国家、城镇等的名词,也可以加's构成所有格。例如:Thereissomethingimportantintoday'snewspaper.今天的报纸上有一些重要的东西。It'sabouttenminutes'walkfromschooltoourhomeeveryday.每天从学校到我们家步行大约需要十分钟。6.英语名词所有格修饰的词,如果前面已经提到过,后面则可以省略,以防止重复。例如:ThisisnotDick'sdictionary,butisTom's.这不是迪克的字典,但是是汤姆的。2例题分析1.March8this_______Day.A.Woman’sB.Women’sC.Womans’答案:B思路分析:不以s结尾的名词的复数形式的名词所有格,仍要加“’s”。2.—What’sthat?—It’sa______home.A.birdB.birds’C.bird’s答案:C思路分析:表示有生命的东西的名词所有格通常是在名词后加“’s”。3.Thedeskis______.A.KateB.Kate’sandLucy’sC.KateandLucy’s答案:C思路分析:如果一样东西同时归两个或多个名词所有,只在最后一个名词词尾处加“’s”(二)由of短语构成的所有格1.表示无生命的名词一般与of构成短语,表示所有关系。如Thereisariverontheothersideoftheroad.在公路的另一边有一条河。2.有时我们用名词+of+名词所有格构成双重所有格的形式。例如:ThisisaphotoofMrBrown's.这是一张布朗先生的照片。名词所有格用法口诀英语名词所有格,表示物品所有权。名词后加's,这种情况最常见。两者共有添最后,各有各添记心间。复数名词有s,后面只把'来添。名词若为无生命,我们常把of用。AofB是B的A,体现英汉序不同。相应练习一、写出下列名词的所有格。1、JohnMikethedogthesheepmysistermyunclethefarmerJohn’s______________________________________________________________________________________________________________二、用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Thegirlunderthetreeisafriendof______________.(Lucy)2.They’re______________(Mary)friends.33.Sueisoneofmy____________(friend).4.These___________(postman)coatsaregreenandbig.5.What’shis_________________(sister)name?6.ThisisChinese__________________(teacher)office.三、选择题。()1.Room110onthesecondflooristhe_____office.Iknowsomeofthem.A.doctorsB.doctor’sC.doctors’D.doctors’s()2.Theroomis_______.Theyarebrothers.A.TomandMike’sB.Tom’sandMike’sC.Tom’sandMikeD.TomandMike()3.Excuseme,whereisthe______?A.men'sroomB.mens'roomC.men'sroomsD.menrooms()4.Onthewallthereisa_______A.China’smapB.mapofChinaC.ChinamapD.Chinesemap()5.Thisis______friend.A.May’sbrotherB.May’sbrother’sC.May’sbrotherof()6.Thoseare_______houses.A.Mr.SmithandMr.Zhang’sB.Mr.Smith’sandMr.ZhangsC.Mr.Smiths’andMr.ZhangsD.Mr.Smith’sandMr.Zhang’s()7.Itis_______betweenthetwocities.A.threehoursdriveB.threehour’sdriveC.threehours’driversD.threehours’drive()8.Thepostcardissentby____.A.afriendofmyfatherB.afriendofmyfather'sC.myfatherfriendD.myfatherfriend's课后练习一、用所给单词的适当形式填空1.Thewatchisour________.(teacher)2.Thoseboysaremygood_______(friend).3.What’shis_________________(sister)names?4._______(Mark)bicycleisnew.Helikesridingit.5._______(who)computeristhis?It’s_______(Linda).6.___________(who)footballsarethese?Theyare___________(TimandJohn).7._____________(TimandJohn)bedroomisverybigandclean.8.Arethese_______(Jim)blackshoes?9.The_______(waitress)coatsareverynice.10.These_______(girl)kitesareflyingveryhigh.二、选择题。()1.It’sapictureof___________family.A.BobB.Bob’sC.Bobs’D.Bobs4()2.Let'smeetat7:30outsidethegateof___?A.thePeople'sParkB.thePeoples'ParkC.thePeopleParkD.People'sPark()3.Thisismy____dictionary.A.sisterMaryB.sister'sC.sister,Mary'sD.sister'sMary's()4.Hewentto___shoptobuyashirt.A.atailorB.thetailorC.atailorsD.thetailors'()5.It'sabout___walkfrommyhouse.A.tenminuteB.tenminutes'C.tenminute'sD.tenminutes()6.Thisisabookof___.A.TomB.Tom'sC.herD.him()7.Willyoushowme_______?A.aBeijing’smapB.mapofBeijing’sC.amapofBeijingD.amapinBeijing()8.Beforegoingtothemuseum,thestudentsgatheredat___________.A.theschool’sgateB.thegatefortheschoolC.thegateoftheschool()9.Ihavetosee___________.A.thatfriendofTom’sB.thisfriendofTomC.afriendofTom()10._______isonthesecondfloor.A.Theteacher’sofficeB.Theteachers’officeC.TheteacherofficeD.Theteacheroffices二、单数句变复数句单数句变复数句歌谣:单数句变复数句,代词四变要记住。人称,指示,反身变物主代词看一看。连系动词amis变成are。冠词aan要去掉,改为some,any也可以。名词做定语,介宾不要变;有man和woman也例外。句式不要变,十全十美题做完。1、人称代词由单数变复数:主格Iweyouyouhe/she/itthey宾格meusyouyouhim/her/itthem例1Sheisagirl.Theyaregirls.例2Ilikeher.Welikethem.2、指示代词由单数变复数:单数thisthat复数thesethose5例1Thisisabook.Theseare(some)books.例2Isthatapen?Arethose(any)pens?3、物主代词由单数变复数:1、名词性物主代词:mineours,yoursyours,his/hers/itstheirs2、形容词性物主代词:myour,youryour,his/her/itstheir例1Thebookismine.Thebooksareours.例2Thisisherpen.Thesearetheirpens.4、一般情况下,形容词性物主代词在单数句变复数句时不变。例1Thisismybook.Thesearemybooks.5、当句中形容词性物主代词与句中的主语一致时,形容词性物主代词应随主语人称的变化而变化,仍要保持一致。例1Helikeshisbike.Theyliketheirbikes.6、连系动词由单数变复数:is/amare例1Iamateacher.Weare(some)eachers.7、a/an表示一个,只能用在单数名词前,当单数句变复数句时,一定要把a/an去掉,或改为some/any。例1Thisisabook.Theseare(some)books.例2Isthatapen?Arethose(any)pens?8、当名词作定语或在介词短语中作介词宾语充当除宾语以外的其它成分时,该名词不变。例1Heisaboystudent.Theyare(some)boystudents.(man和woman)除外。例2Sheisawomanworker.Theyare(some)womenworkers.9、单数句变为复数句时,句式不能改变,即单数句是疑问句时,变为复数句
本文标题:小学英语--名词所有格
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