一般过去时的讲解

知识结构构成意义常用时间标志动词的过去式1.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。yesterdaymorning/afternoonlastnight/week/year/Sunday/in1990twoyears/weeksagoGrammar一般过去时动词过去式的变化1.动词be的变化：waswereamisare2.助动词do的变化：do→did(在过去时里助动词do没有人称和数的变化)如：Didyouplaysocceryesterday?Didheplaysocceryesterday?3.实义动词的变化：实义动词分规则变化和不规则变化。规则变化有以下几种：(1)一般情况下在动词后加-ed。e.g.play—playedvisit—visitedwalk—walkedclean—cleaned(2)以不发音的e结尾的词，在词尾加-d。e.g.live—livedlike—likeddance—dancedhope—hoped(3)以一个元音加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节结尾的单词，要先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。e.g.stop—stoppeddrop—droppedplan—planned(4)以辅音字母加y结尾的单词，先改y为i，再加-ed。e.g.study—studiedcarry—carried不规则变化需要按一定的规律逐个记忆。规则动词词-ed的读音清念/t/,元浊/d/;/t//d/之后念/id/1、清念/t/，即ed在清辅音后面念/t/,例：finishedhelpedpassedcooked2.元浊/d/,即ed在元音，浊辅音后面/d/例：borrowedenjoyedcalledmoved3、/t//d/之后念/id/,即ed在/t//d/音后面念/id/例：wantedshoutedneededcounted◆不规则变化(需逐个记忆)：do—didcome—camego—wentsit—sathave—hadcan—couldtake—tookgive—gaveput—putget—gotswim—swameat—atetell—toldsleep—sleptsee—sawwear—worelie—laydrink—drankfind—foundwrite—wrotecan—couldwill—wouldsing—sangread—readdo—didgo—wentread—readsee—sawget—gotsit—sathave/has—hadam/is—was在本单元中出现的不规则动词有以下几个：III.写出下列单词的过去式talkmilkam/isaregoridefeedtakedoseetalkedwaswentfeddidmilkedwererodetooksawI___12yearsoldthisyear.我去年11岁.I____11yearsoldlastyear.He____inBeijingnow.他昨天在上海。He____inShanghaiyesterday.他现在在北京。Pleaselookatthesentences我今年12岁.amwasiswasThey____inChinatoday.他们今天在中国。They____inJapanyesterday.他们昨天在日本。areweream/iswasarewere每天，早餐我吃鸡蛋和牛奶。I____eggsandmilkforbreakfasteverymorning.昨天，早餐我吃面条。I____noodlesforbreakfastyesterdaymorning.他每天都吃水果。He_____fruiteveryday.昨天他吃了3个苹果。He_____3applesyesterday.have/hashadhavehashadhadIgetupat6:30everymorning.I___upat9:00lastSunday.Heplaysfootballeveryafternoon.He_____basketballyesterdayafternoon.Hedoeshishomeworkeveryevening.He____somereadinglastnight.动词原形、第三人称单数动词过去式gotplayeddidTheydon’twatchTVintheevening.They_________TVlastnight.Shedoesn’tplaybasketballafterschool.She_________basketballafterschoolyesterday.Doyougotoschoolonfooteveryday?___you__toschoolonfootyesterday.Doeshegotoschoolbybuseveryday?___he___toschoolbybusyesterday?don’t/doesn’tdo/doesdidn’tdiddidn’twatchdidn’tplayDidDidgogo◆一般现在时:句中be动词用am/is/are,实义动词用三单或原形,表示现在的状态或现在经常反复发生的动作和行为。★时标:alwaysusuallyoftensometimesnevereverydayonSundays◆现在进行时:句中动词用am/is/are+doing形式,表示现在正在进行的动作。★时标:nowatthemomentlistenlookdosth.at+具体时刻It’s+具体时刻◆一般过去时:句中be动词用was/were,实义动词用动词过去式,表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态也可表示过去反复出现的动作(与频度副词usually,often等连用)Iwasnineyearsoldin2008.(过去某时间的状态)IwenttoShanghailastyear.(过去某时间发生的动作)Ioftendidmyhomeworkatschool.(过去反复出现的动作)我天天打篮球。我正在打篮球。我昨天打篮球。Ieveryday.Inow.Iyesterday.playbasketballamplayingbasketballplayedbasketball一般过去时一般现在时现在进行时★时标:(汉语翻译时常用“…了”)①yesterday(昨天)②yesterdaymorning/afternoon/evening(昨天早上/下午/晚上)③lastnight(昨晚)=yesterdayevening④lastyear/month/week(去年/上个月/上星期)⑤thedaybeforeyesterday(前天)⑥in+过去的年份或月份(在…年/在…月)⑦时间段+ago(…以前)⑧justnow(刚才)atthattime=then(在那时)⑨when+过去时句子(一般过去时时间状从)含be动词的过去时句式①肯定句主语+was/were+表语.②否定句主语+was/werenot+表语.(wasn’t/weren’t)③一般疑问句Was/Were+主语+表语?肯定回答Yes,代词+was/were.否定回答No,代词+wasn’t/weren’t.I____ateacherlastyear.I_______ateacherlastyear.______youateacherlastyear?Yes,I_____./No,I_______.waswasn’tWerewaswasn’t①肯定句主语+动词过去式+宾语.I_______(watch)TVlastnight.②否定句主语+didn’t+动词原形+宾语.I____________(notwatch)TVlastnight.③一般疑问句Did+主语+动词原形+宾语?肯定回答Yes,代词+did.否定回答No,代词+didn’t._____you______(watch)TVlastnight?Yes,I_____./No,I______.④特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+did+主语+动原?What_____you_____(do)lastnight?含实义动词的过去时句式watcheddidn’twatchDidwatchdiddidn’tdiddodid,does一出现,动词都要变原形动词一般过去时，表示过去发生事；be用was或用were,have,has变had；谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志；一般动词加-ed，若是特殊得硬记。否定句很简单，主语之后didn’t添；疑问句也不难，did放在主语前；如果谓语之前有did，谓语动词需还原；动词若是was,were,否定就把not添。1.Hevisitedhisfriendslastnight.2.Tomtooksomephotostwodaysago.3.Wewentforawalkyesterday.4.IstudiedinBeijingin1999.5.Theyplayedsocceryesterdaymorning.•1.Hevisitedhisfriendslastnight..否定句Hedidn’tvisithisfriendslastnight.•疑问句：Didhevisithisfriendslastnight?•肯定回答：Yes,hedid.•否定回答：No,hedidn’t.•对划线提问：Whatdidhedolastnight?•对划线提问：Whendidhevisithisfriends?1.I_______(play)socceryesterday.否定句：疑问句：肯定回答：否定回答：对划线提问:：对划线提问：playedIdidn’tplaysocceryesterday.Didyouplaysocceryesterday?Yes,Idid.No,Ididn’t.Whatdidyoudoyesyerday?Whendidyouplaysoccer?•2.Tomtooksomephotostwodaysago.•否定句:•疑问句：•肯定回答：•否定回答:•划线提问：•划线提问：Tomdidn’ttakeanyphotostwodaysago.DidTomtakeanyphotostwodaysago?Yes,hedid.No,hedidn’t.WhatdidTomdotwodaysago?WhendidTomtakeanyphotos?3.We______(go)forawalkyesterday.4.I_______(study)inBeijingin1999.wentstudied否定句疑问句肯定回答否定回答划线提问划线提问Wedidn’tgoforawalkyesterday.Didyougoforawalkyesterday?Yes,wedid.No,wedidn’t.Whatdidyoudoyesterday?Whendidyougoforawalk?I.用适当的词填空1.How___yourschooltrip?Itwasgreat.2.How_____youyesterday?3.TodayisMonday.Yesterday___Sunday.4.What___youdothedaybeforeyesterday?5.____yourideahorselastweek?waswerewasdidDid根据句意，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。1.Whatdidthe______(farm)say?2.Carol_____(pick)somestrawberriesand_____(take)themhome.3.I______(visit)mygrandparentsinthecountryside.4.I_______(watch)thestarsatnight.5.____(do)Caroltakeanyphotos?farmerpickedtookvi