定语从句关系副词讲解及练习

1Unit2GrowingPains定语从句（2）------定语从句中关系副词的用法LearningContent:LearnAttributiveClauses----Relativeadverbs:where,when,whyLearningAims:LearnhowtouserelativeadverbsinattributiveclausesLearningdifficultandimportantpoints:ThedifferencebetweenrelativeadverbsandrelativepronounsPeriod：One自主学习过程关系副词是联系先行词和定语从句的词。定语从句中的关系副词有三个：when,where和why，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。其句法结构如下：1.表时间的名词+when+定语从句，when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。例句：IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedthearmy.2.表地点的名词+where+定语从句，where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。例句：Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity.ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.3.表原因的名词reason+why+定语从句(why只用于reason之后的限制性定语从句中,在定语从句中作原因状语。)例句：ThatisthereasonwhyIdidthejob.(在现代英语中why可以省略)上句也可以这样表示：ThatisthereasonIdidthejob.关系副词在定语从句中的用法看似简单，以下注意点不可忽视：1）“when”、“where”和“why”的运用取就于表时间的名词、表地点的名词和表原因的名词reason在定语从句中所作的成分，比较下面的几组句子：*IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstmetyouontheseashore.*Iwillneverforgetthedayswhich/thatwespenttogetherinXueyaoMiddleSchool.**Thisisthehospital______mymotherworks.**Thisisthehospital______wevisitedthedaybeforeyesterday.知识小结（判断定语从句引导词的方法）方法一：不及物动词则要求用关系副词when,where,why,从句中的谓语为及物动词且后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；方法二：先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时选择关系代词(who,whom,that,which,whose);先行词在从句中做状语时选择关系副词(where地点状语，when时间状语，why原因状语)2)“when”、“where”和“why”都可以替换成“介词+which”，介词的选用取就于先行词和定语从句中的动词。例如：DoyoustillrememberthedayonwhichwefirstmetinNantong?(onwhich=when)Thisistheroominwhichwelivedlastyear.(inwhich=where)2DoyouknowthereasonforwhichherefusedtogotoMary’sbirthdayparty.(forwhich=why)3)有时关系副词“when”、“where”引导的限制性定语从句和先行词有间隔的现象，是为了平衡句子的语法需要。DoyourememberoneafternoontenyearsagowhenIcametoyourhouseandborrowedadiamondnecklace?ThedaysaregoneforeverwhentheChinesepeopleused“foreignoil.”.Homework1、Filltheblankswithproperrelativewords.(SBP96C1)2、Correctthemistakesineachsentence.(SBP96C2)专项训练1．Thisistheplace_____Johnwasborn?A．whichB．whereC.whenD．that2.Heistheonlyperson____Iwanttotalkto.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whose3．Isthisproblem_____theteacherexplainedlastweek?A．theoneB．thatC．whichD．one4．Thehighbuilding_____standfourpolicemenisthepolicestation．A．whichB．thatC．infrontofitD.infrontofwhich5．MymotherwillgiveMaryamodelplane_____shewillliketoplay．A．whichB．thatC．forwhichD．withwhich6．Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome_____Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfarawayvillage.A．untilB．thatCwhenD．where7．Therearetimes_____IwonderwhyIdothisjob．A．asB．whileC．whichD．when8．AfterlivinginLondonforthirtyyears，MrSmithreturnedtothesmalltown_____hegrewupasachild．A．whichB．whereCthatD．when9．Theyhadalongtalkaboutthepersonsandthings_____theybothknew．A．whomB．whatC.thatD．which10．Thatistheverybook______Iamlookingfor.A．thatB．whichC．whatD．as1．B.先行词是地点，关系副词在定语从句中作状语。2.A.先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast等修饰时，关系代词常用that。3．A.缺少先行词，故选A,作宾语的关系代词省略。4．D．介词+关系代词引导定语从句。5．D.playwith是一个固定结构，故选withwhich。6．C．先行词为时间名词hours，在定语从句中作状语。7．D．先行词为时间名词times，在定语从句中作状语。8．B．先行词为地点名词，在定语从句从中作状语。9．C．先行词包含人和物，关系代词只能用that。10．A.先行词被thevery修饰，关系代词只能用that。3巩固提升1．Whoisthescientist_____isgoingtogiveusatalkonspacethisSunday?A．thatB．whoC.whichD．whom2．Idon'tliketheway_____youspeaktoyourteacher．A．／B．inthatC.whichD．ofwhich3．Couldyoutellmewhentogetthebook______Iwanttoread?A．whatB．whoC．／D．it4．Thedays_____wespentinTokyotogetherwillneverbeforgotten.A.whenB．whichC．whoD．onwhich5．Apenfriendofmine______IoftenreceivelettersaskedmeforsomeChinesecoins.A．whoB．whomC．towhoD．fromwhom6.Don'tforgettheday_____youwereadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.A．whenB．thatC．atwhichD.where7．Perhapsthisistheonlyshop_____youcangetsuchcheapgoods.A.thatB．ofwhichC．bywhichD．where8．Icanstillremembertheplace_____mybrotherandIusedtositintheevening.A．whichB．whatC.thatD．where9．_______isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.A.WhichB.WhenC.WhatD.As10．All____isneededisasupplyofoil.A.thethingB.whatC.thatD.which11．Hewasseriouslyillwhenhewasachild,____madehimlosehissight.A.asB.thatC.whichD.it12．Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson____hecouldturnforhelp.A.thatB.towhomC.whoD.fromwhom13．Hetoldthesamestory______Itold.A.thatB.whichC.asD.it14．Thebestworkisthat____Tomhasdone.A.itB.whichC.whenD.where15.Thefirstthing____weshoulddoistowatertheflowersinfrontoftheroom..A.whichB.asC.whatD.that16.Anygirls___knewhimwereteachers.A.whereB.thatC.theyD.whom17.Thehousefellandhurtawomanandherdog___werejustpassingby.A.whichB.asC.thatD.who18．Thatisthehotel____westayedlastyear.A.inthatB.inwhichC.whyD.atwhich19.Thisisthereason____wemadeMrLiheadmasterofourschool.A.whereB.whenC.beforeD.why20.Thestudentwhodoeswellinhislessonisthemonitor___isverymodestandstudieshard.A.whoB.thatC.asD.which4答案与简析：11．A.Who引导的特殊疑问句中含有定语从句关系代词只能用that,以免重复。12．A.way为先行词时，关系代词用that或inwhich或不填。13．C．关系代词在定语从句中作宾语，指物，可以用that或which或不填。14．B．spent是及物动词，关系代词which作其宾语。15．D．receivealetterfromsb．收到某人的来信，先行词为人，故选fromwhom。16．A.先行词为时间，在定语从句中作状语,表示何时进入北大。17．D.先行词为地点，在定语从句中作状语。18.D.先行词为地点，在定语从句中作状语。19.D.As引导的定语从句在句中的位置比较灵活，可置于句首，亦可置于句中，亦可置于句尾。as常作宾语或构成as加be动词加过去分词的结构，或构成as加be动词加表语的结构。as引导的定语从句在句中修饰的是整个句子。20.C.在定语从句中，当先行词为all,anything,nothing,everything,little,much等不定代词时，关系代词用that,而不用which。21.C.which引导非限制性定语从句并指代前面的主