第11讲 特殊句式（精讲）-【一轮复习讲义】2024年高考英语高频考点题型归纳与方法总结（新高考通用

资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【一轮复习讲义】2024年高考英语高频考点题型归纳与方法总结（新高考通用）第11讲特殊句式（精讲）题型目录一览倒装句强调句省略句感叹句祈使句倒装、强调、省略、感叹及祈使句重点考察知识点一倒装句1.完全倒装(1)Therebe＋主语＋...，此结构中的be有时用stand/exist/lie/live/flow/seem等不及物动词代替。Thereseemstobesomethingwrongwiththemachine.(2)Here/There/Now/Then/Thus＋不及物动词＋名词Theregoesthebell.Let'sgointothelecturehall.Bequick！Herecomesthebus.(3)Out/In/Up/Down/Away/Off/Back/Over＋不及物动词＋名词Outrushedthechildren.Awayflewthebirds.比较：Awaytheyhurried.(4)介词短语(表地点)＋不及物动词＋主语Onthewallhangtwolargeportraits.Atthefootofthehillliesabeautifulvillage.(5)表语＋连系动词＋主语(表语可以是：形容词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词)PresentatthemeetingwereProfessorWhite，ProfessorSmithandmanyotherguests.Gonearethedayswhenwomenwerelookeddownupon.Seatedinthefirstlinearesomeadvancedworkers.一、知识点梳理资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】(6)Such＋be＋主语Sucharethefacts；noonecandenythem.SuchisYiyangqianxi,ayounghandsomesingerpopularwithChineseteenagers.2.部分倒装(1)用于以so，nor，neither开头的句子，表示重复前句的部分内容，须部分倒装，且此句的谓语应与前句的谓语在时态/形式上一致，但“so＋主语＋do”结构则表示对别人所说的情况加以肯定，它的主语与上文的主语相同，so相当于indeed，certainly。Maryhaslearnedbyheart200words，andsohaveI.－Thegirlsstudyhard.这些女孩学习刻苦。－Sotheydo.她们的确如此。Idon’tknowit,nordoIcareaboutit.Tomdoesn’tlikebananas,neither/nordoI.注意：当前面两件或两件以上的事也适合于另一人或物时,通常用“soitiswith...”或“itisthesamewith...”Tomlikessinging,buthedoesn’tlikedancing.SoitiswithMary.(2)表示否定意义的副词、连词或短语置于句首时要部分倒装。这些词有not，never，hardly，seldom，scarcely，barely，little，no，nowhere，notonly，notuntil，atnotime，bynomeans，innoway，onnocondition,nosooner...than，hardly...when等。Bynomeansshallwegiveup.AtnotimewillChinabethefirsttousethenuclearweapon.Notasinglemistakedidhemake.Neverbefore_________Iseensuchamovingfilm.Notonly_________heforcedtostayhome,butalsohehadtodohishomework.答案havedid(3)only置于句首修饰状语(副词、介词短语)或状语从句等时要用部分倒装。Onlyaftermyfriendcame_______thecomputerrepaired.wasOnlythendidIrealizetheimportanceofmathematics.比较：Onlyheknowsthesecret.(4)as引导的让步状语从句中(表语/状语/动词原形＋as＋主语)要用部分倒装。Tiredashewas，hestayeduplate.ExplainasImight，Icouldnotmakemyselfunderstood.Childasheis，heknowsalot.(5)在so...that，such...that句型中，当so，such引导的结构置于句首时要用部分倒装。Soloudlydidhespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】(6)在hardly...when，nosooner...than，notuntil句型中，主句要部分倒装。Hardlyhadhearrivedwhenitbegantosnow.=Nosoonerhadhearrivedthanitbegantosnow.(7)在省略了if的虚拟条件句中，were，had或should置于句首。WereIinyourposition,Iwouldnotgo.HadIattendedthemeeting,IwouldhavemetJim.(8)however，nomatterhow引导的让步状语从句。Howeverhardheworked，hecouldn'tsolvetheproblem.=Nomatterhowhardheworked,......重点考察知识点二强调1.强调句的基本句型Itis/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子剩余成分(1)强调人时可用who/that来连接，强调事物时用that。所强调的可以是单词、短语，也可以是从句，但结构必须完整。被强调的成分可以是主语、宾语和状语，但不能是定语或谓语。ItisIwho/thatamright.(强调主语)Itwashimthat/who/whomwemetattheschoolgate.(强调宾语)Itwasbecausehermotherwasillthatshedidn'tgotowork.(强调状语)(2)这种强调句的一般疑问句只需把is(was)提前。Wasitin1939thattheSecondWorldWarbrokeout?IsitProfessorWangwhoteachesyouEnglish?(3)它的特殊疑问句只需在一般疑问句前加上特殊疑问词。Whowasitthatbrokethewindow?Whenwasitthatyoucalledmeyesterday?Whatisitthatyouwantmetodo?(4)not...until...的强调句形式：Itis/wasnotuntil＋被强调部分＋that＋其他成分。Hedidn'tgotobeduntil11o'clocklastnight.→Itwasnotuntil11o'clocklastnightthathewenttobed.ItwasnotuntilhetookoffhisdarkglassesthatIrealizedhewasafamousfilmstar.判断一个句子是强调句型还是其他句型，最简单的方法就是“还原法”，即去掉强调句型的特有结构Itis/was...that/who...，若去掉这个结构后句子仍然成立，那该句型便是强调句型，否则，就可能是其他句型。比较：(1)Itwashewhodidallthecleaning.可以看出，去掉画线部分，句子仍然成立，故该句为强调句型。（2）Itisapitythathehasfailedagain.（主语从句）资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】（3）Itisaquestionthatneedscarefulconsideration.(定语从句)（4）Itwasatsixo’clockthatIgotuptoday.(强调句型)（5）Itwassixo’clockwhenIgotuptoday.(状语从句)2.用助动词强调谓语。如果要强调时态为一般现在时或一般过去时的肯定句中的谓语动词，我们在该动词前加助动词do，does或did。ManyofthefilmsarefromtheUSA，butwedogiveawardstofilmsfromothercountries.HedidcometoseeyoulastSunday，butyouwereout.重点考察知识点三省略句1.状语从句的省略:(1)在时间、地点、条件、方式或让步状语从句中，如果谓语含有动词be，主语又与主句的主语一致或主语是it时，主谓均可以省略。①时间状语从句：Pleasecomehereassoonas(itis)possible.②地点状语从句：Fillintheblankswitharticleswhere(itis)necessary.③条件状语从句：Shewon'tcometothepartyunless(sheis)invited.④方式状语从句：Iwonderwhyhedidn'tdoas(hewas)toldto.⑤比较状语从句：Itismuchcoldertodaythan(itwas)yesterday.⑥让步状语从句：Though(theywere)tired，theywentonwalking.(2)状语从句省略主语时，其后用现在分词表示该动词与省略的主语是主谓关系，用过去分词则表示为动宾关系。Becarefulwhen(youare)crossingthestreet.Once(he/sheis)burnt，achilddarenottouchthefireagain.2.答语中的省略:I'mafraid，Ithink，Ibelieve，Ihope，Iguess等作答句，后面跟so或not分别等于肯定或否定，宾语从句可省去。－Doyouthinkitwillrain?－Ihopenot(thatitwillnotrain)．－Doyoubelieveourteamwillwin?－Iguessso.3.不定式中“to”的省略:(1)感官动词(see，feel，hear，notice，watch，observe，listento等)和使役动词(let，make，have)后接不定式作宾语补足语时，省略to，但在被动式中不能省略(let除外)。Iheardsomeonesinginthenextroom.资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】Thethiefwasnoticed____toslip_______(slip)intotheroom.(2)动词help和介词but，except后的不定式作宾语时，有时必须省略to。Hewillhelpme(to)workouttheproblem.Hedidnothingbutwaitallthetime.若句中but/except前无do/does/did，则to不能省略。Hehasnochoicebut_____towait_________(wait).(3)不定式作表语时，若主语为what引导的主语从句，不定代词all作主语被定语从句修饰或后有定语从句修饰的“the...thing”作主语时，如果其前出现过do的各种形式，不定式中“to”可以省去。Whathecandois(to)wait.Theonlythinghecoulddowas(to)wait.Allthathecandois(to)wait.(4)固定结构或句型中常省去“to”。can't(help)butdo...；whynotdo...；prefertodo...