2024年高考英语一轮复习（新人教版） 第1部分 教材知识解读 选择性必修第二册 Unit 1　Sc

Ⅰ.认阅读单词1．choleran．霍乱2．diarrhoean．腹泻3．dehydrationn．脱水4．contradictoryadj.相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的5．germn．微生物；细菌；病菌6．pumpn．泵；抽水机；打气筒7．waterpump水泵8．householdn．一家人；家庭；同住一所(套)房子的人9．rawadj.未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的10．statisticn．[pl.]统计数字；统计资料；统计学11．epidemiologyn．流行病学12．microscopen．显微镜13．proteinn．蛋白质14．celln．细胞；小房间；单间牢房15．virusn．病毒16．vaccinen．疫苗17．frameworkn．框架；结构18．theoreticalframework理论框架19．rainbown．彩虹20．concreten．混凝土adj.混凝土制的；确实的；具体的21．plasman．血浆22．aerospacen．航空航天工业23．patrioticadj.爱国的24．mechanicaladj.机械的；发动机的；机器的25．mechanicn．机械师；机械修理工26．aviationn．航空制造业；航空；飞行27．jetn．喷气式飞机28．missilen．导弹29．astronomern．天文学家30．astronomyn．天文学31．telescopen．望远镜Ⅱ.记重点单词1．severeadj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的2．subscribevi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)3．suspectvt.&vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任n．犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象4．blamevt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责n．责备；指责5．handlen．把手；拉手；柄vt.处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)；(用手)触碰6．linkn．联系；纽带vt.把……连接起来；相关联7．substantialadj.大量的；价值巨大的；重大的8．decreasen．减少；降低；减少量vt.&vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低9．transformvt.使改观；使改变形态vi.改变；转变10．thinkingn．思想；思维；见解11．findingn．发现；调查结果；(法律)判决12．initialadj.最初的；开始的；第一的13．solidadj.可靠的；固体的；坚实的n．固体14．castvt.(cast，cast)投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投掷15．shadown．阴影；影子；背光处16．pourvt.倒出；倾泻；斟(饮料)17．leadershipn．领导；领导地位；领导才能18．tracevt.追溯；追踪；查出n．痕迹；遗迹；踪迹19．outstandingadj.优秀的；杰出的；明显的20．abstractadj.抽象的；理论上的n．(文献等的)摘要21．conceptn．概念；观念22．besidesprep.除……之外(还)adv.而且；此外23．brilliantadj.聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的24．furthermoreadv.此外；再者25．faultn．弱点；过错26．shiftn．改变；转换；轮班vi.&vt.转移；挪动；转向Ⅲ.知拓展单词1．frustratedadj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的→frustratevt.使懊恼；使沮丧→frustrationn．沮丧；懊恼；挫败2．infectionn．感染；传染→infectvt.使感染；传染→infectiousadj.感染的；传染的3．proofn．证据；证明；检验→provevt.证明linkv．证明是4．multipleadj.数量多的；多种多样的→multiplyvi.&vt.乘；繁殖5．interventionn．介入；出面；干涉→intervenevi.干扰；介入6．pureadj.干净的；纯的；纯粹的→purelyadv.完全地；纯粹地→purifyvt.净化；使……洁净7．defendvt.保卫；防守；辩解→defense/defencen．防御；保卫；保护8．assistantn．助理；助手→assistvt.&vi.帮助；协助→assistancen．帮助；协助；援助9．giftedadj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的→giftn．礼物；天赋10．steadyadj.稳定的；平稳的；稳步的→steadilyadv.稳定地；持续地11．vividadj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的→vividlyadv.生动地；逼真地；鲜明地1．idiomn．习语；成语2．ignorevt.忽视3．illegaladj.非法的；不合法的4．immediatelyadv.立即5．immigrationn．移民6．importvt.&n．进口；输入7．impressionn．印象；感觉8．incorrectadj.不正确的；错误的Ⅳ.背核心短语1．onceandforall最终地；彻底地2．subscribeto同意；赞同3．thanksto幸亏；由于4．breakout(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发5．inchargeof主管；掌管6．comedown患(病)；染上(小病)7．aboveall最重要的是；尤其是8．diefrom/of死于9．intime及时；迟早10．belikelytodosth很可能做某事Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．Cholerausedtobeoneofthemostfeareddiseasesintheworld，untilaBritishdoctor，JohnSnow，showedhowitcouldbeovercome.(until引导的时间状语从句)在英国医生约翰·斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。2．Hediscoveredthatintwoparticularstreetsthecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplediedintendays.(so...that...)他发现在两条特别的街道上，霍乱暴发是如此严重以至于十天内死了500多人。3．Snowsuspectedthatthewaterpumpwastoblame.(that引导的宾语从句)斯诺怀疑水泵就是罪魁祸首。4．Itseemedthatthewomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.(Itseemedthat...似乎……)该妇女似乎非常喜欢从水泵抽上来的水，每天都让人从那里打水运到家里来。5．Accordingly，hehadthehandleofthepumpremovedsothatitcouldnotbeused.(havesthdone)因此，他让人把水泵的把手去掉，这样水泵就用不成了。6．Mostpeoplearefamiliarwithimagesofhiminhiswheelchair，unabletomoveandusingacomputertotalk.(形容词短语作状语)大多数人都很熟悉他坐在轮椅上无法动弹，只能通过电脑来说话的样子。请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。blame，inchargeof，link，comedown，handle，decreaseSincethesevereCOVID-19brokeout，manypeopleallovertheworldhavebeeninfected.Chineseoutstanding，giftedandpatrioticspecialistsinepidemiologyandtheirassistantshavebeen1.inchargeoftracingthesourceofthevirusinordertodefendmorepeoplefrombeingkilled.Theydesiredtoproducevaccineto2.handlethedeadlydiseaseonceandforall.Initially，withconcreteproofcollected，theysuspectedthatwildbatswereto3.blame.Butbyobservingtheviruswithmicroscopes，theygatheredsolidandmultiplestatisticsandmasteredtheframeworkofthevirus，whichgraduallytransformedtheirinitialcontradictorythinking.Allthefindingsmadethemsubscribetotheideathattheviruswasnotdirectly4.linkedtothebats，whichmadethebrilliantexpertsfrustrated.Thisalsocastashadowontheexperts，sotheyhadtoshifttowardshowtopreventthevirusfromspreadingamongpeople.Aboveall，thelesswegoout，thelesslikelywewill5.comedownwiththedeadlydisease.Furthermore，takinginmoreproteinandeatingmorevegetablesaregoodchoicesaswell.Lastbutnotleast，whatweshoulddoisthatwemustwearmasksoutdoors.Thankstotheseinterventions，thethreatofCOVID-19inChinasawasubstantial6.decrease.Whatwehaveexperiencedhastaughtustoleadahealthylifesuchasdrinkingpureorboiledwaterandavoidingrawfoods.Inconclusion，underourmotherland’sleadership，wehaveachievedsteadysuccess，tearsofhappinesspouringdownourcheeks.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇blamevt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责n．指责；责备•betoblame(forsth)(对某事)负有责任，应受责备blamesbforsth因某事责备某人；把某事归咎于某人blamesthonsb/sth把某事归咎于某人/某事•taketheblame承担过错(1)Furthermore，thebossblamedthemistakeonhisassistant，whowouldn’ttaketheblameforthemistakehehadn’tmade.(2)当和其他人相处时，我们不应该总是把错误归咎于其他人。毕竟，很多时候我们也负有责任。因此，我们应该多交流、换位思考，而不是指责其他人。(话题写作之人际交往)Whengettingalongwithothers，weshouldn’talwaysblameothersformistakes.Afterall，manytimeswearealsotoblame.Soinsteadofblamingothers，weshouldcommunicatemoreandputourselvesinothers’place.defendvt.保卫；防守；辩解[defenc(s)en．防御；保卫；保护]•defend...against/from(doing...)保护……免受……defendon