专题02 阅读理解之主旨大意题（练习）（原卷版）

专题02阅读理解之主旨大意题目录主旨大意题---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1一、（最新模拟）阅读理解之阅读理解之主旨大意---文章标题-------------------------------------------------------------2二、（最新模拟题）阅读理解之主旨大意---文章大意----------------------------------------------------------------------8三、（最新模拟题）阅读理解之主旨大意---段落大意---------------------------------------------------------------------15四、（高考真题）阅读理解之主旨大意-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1702阅读理解之主旨大意题最新模拟演练一、阅读理解之主旨大意---文章标题1.（2024·安徽省皖东十校联盟高三月考）Cancer-fightinggenesinelephantscouldhelptotackleoneofthebiggestkillersofpeople,accordingtoresearch.Despitetheirlargebodiesandlonglifespans(寿命),elephantsaremuchlesslikelytodiefromcancerthanhumans,withdeathratesoflessthan5percent.Theparadoxhaspuzzledscientistsbecausemorecellsleadstogreaterreplications,whichincreasesthepossibilityofthebodyfailingtodetectdamagedDNAorafaultycellthatcanresultintumours(肿瘤).Elephantsliveforalmostaslongashumans,andcanweighuptofivetons.However,agroupofBritishandEuropeanscientistssaytheyhavetakenabigsteptowardssolvingPeto’sparadox,namedaftertheBritishepidemiologistSirRichardPeto.Elephants,theysay,carryamuchlarger,morediversegroupoftumour-fightingproteins.Thefindings,publishedlastweekinthejournalMolecularBiologyandEvolution,raisehopesthatthecancer-fightinggenesinelephantscouldbethekeytotacklingcancer,whichkillsabout167,000Britonseachyear.Cellskeepdividingthroughoutanorganism’slife,eachcarryingtheriskofproducingatumour.Oneofthebody’sweaponsisagenecalledp53,knownasthe“guardianofthegenome”,whichhuntscellswithfaultyDNA．Itencouragesthecelltorepairitselforself-destruct,keepingthecellfrombindingwithothersandproducingtumours.Humanshavetwoversionsofp53butelephantshave40,saidtheresearchers,includingthosefromOxfordandEdinburghuniversities.Biochemicalanalysisandcomputersimulationsalsoshowedthatanelephant’sp53genesarestructurallyslightlydifferent,providingamuchlargeranti-cancertoolkit.Theresearcherssuspectthatwhilefaultycellsmightbeabletoskirttwop53versions,theycannotbindtoothercellsaseasilyinthefaceofdozens.Thefindingswillopenthewayforresearchonhowp53genesareactivatedandonmedicaltreatmentforhumans.1．Whathaspuzzledscientists?A．Fewelephantsendupdyingfromcancer.B．Elephantslivelongandweighenormously.C．Morecellsleadtohigherchancesoftumours.D．Alargerbodyislesslikelytodiscoverfaultycells.2．Whatcanbelearntfromparagraph4?A．HowmanyBritonsdieeachyear.B．Howtheanti-cancergeneworks.C．Howtheresearchwascarriedout.D．Whathavethefindingsbeenappliedto.3．Whichqualityofelephants’p53genescontributestopreventingtumours?A．Theirsizes.B．Theirlifespans.C．Theirappearances.D．Theirvarieties.4．Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A．ScientistsFindAnti-cancerGenesinElephantsB．P53GenesPlayEssentialRoleinFightingCancerC．ElephantGenesCouldBeKeytoPreventingCancerD．GroundbreakingMedicalTreatmentforCancerontheWay2.（2024·山东省高三上学期适应性联考（一））Manyscholarsagreethatameaningfulexistencecomesdowntothreefactors:thecoherenceofone’slife,thepossessionofclearlong-termgoalsandthebeliefthatone’slifematters.Butwebelievethereisanotherelementtoconsider.Imaginethefirstbutterflyyoustoptoadmireafteralongwinterorthesceneryatopahillafterafreshhike.Sometimesexistencedeliversussmallmomentsofbeauty.Whenpeopleareopentoappreciatingsuchexperiences,thesemomentsmayenhancehowtheyviewtheirlife.Wecallthiselementexperientialappreciation,anabilitytodetectandadmirelife’sinnerbeautyaseventshappen.Tobetterunderstandthisappreciation,weconductedaseriesofstudiesinvolvingover3,000participants.Initially,wehadparticipantsratetheircopingstrategiestorelievetheirstress.Thosemanagingstressbyfocusingontheirappreciationforlife’sbeautyreportedexperiencinglifeashighlymeaningful.Inthefollow-ups,weaskedthemtoratetheextenttowhichtheyagreedwithvariousstatements,suchas“Ihaveagreatappreciationforthebeautyoflife”andotherstatementsrelatedtocoherence,purpose,existentialmattering.Ourresultsshowedthatthemorepeopleindicatedthattheywere“appreciatinglife”,themoretheyfelttheirexistencevaluable.Inthesubsequentexperiment,wefurtherexploredthephenomenonbyaskingparticipantstowatchanawe-inspiringvideo,theyalsoreportedhavingagreatersenseofexperientialappreciationandmeaninginlifeinthesemoments,comparedwiththosewatchingmoreneutralvideos.Thefinalresultsconfirmedouroriginaltheory:appreciatingsmallthingscanmakelifefeelmoremeaningful.Butapplyingthatinsightcanbedifficult.Ourmodern,fast-paced,project-orientedlifestylesfillthedaywithtargets.Weareonthego,attemptingtomaximizeouroutput.Thismakesiteasytomisswhatishappeningrightnow.Yetlifehappensinthepresentmoment.Weshouldslowdown,letlifesurpriseusandembracethesignificanceeveryday.1．Whatistheauthor’sbeliefinmeaningfullife?A．Owningthecoherenceoflife.B．Settingalong-termcareergoal.C．Valuingwhatmattersjusttous.D．Enjoyingpresentbeautyoflife.2．Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A．Theapproachtoconductingthestudies.B．Theanalysisofthespecificobjectives.C．Thenecessityofalong-termgoalinlife.D．Thelogicbehindexperientialap