选择性必修第一册 Unit 3　Fascinating Parks

选择性必修第一册Unit3FascinatingParksⅠ.阅读理解ALaurieHoramneverthoughtofhimselfasmusical.Athome，hisdadneverlistenedtomusic，whileoneofhisboardingschoolteacherslabelledhimtonedeaf.Butlastmonthhestartedtoplaytheharmonica(口琴)onthestreetsofBradford.Peopleclapped，dancedandthrewcoinsintohiscaseforthelocalfoodbank.Horamcaughthimselfthinking，“How，attheageof79，doIcometobeplayingmusictopeopleonthestreets？”Thequestionpreoccupiedhim，because，someyearsagoatafamilygathering，Gavin，hiseldestson，said，“Youknowwhat，Dad?Itcan’tbecoincidental.Wemusthavegotourmusicalabilitiesfromyou.”Horamhasthreesonsandtheycoverarangeofinstruments.Hewassurprised.“Therecan’tbemusicinme，becauseIcan’tplay！”hesaid.Eightyearsago，Horam，aretiredcivilservant，wasonhiswaybackfromatripwithhisfamily.Gavinstoppedatamusicshop.Hewalkedoutandsaid，“Hereyouare.Iboughtthisforyou，Dad.It’saharmonica.I’lltrytoshowyouhowtoplayabit.”Theywenttoasessionattheirlocalpub.GavinplayedtheguitarandHoramsatinthecornerwithhisharmonica，tryingtomakeasoundthatnoonewouldhear.Aftersixmonths，hewasinvitedintothegroup.Hediscoveredatalentforimprovisation(即兴表演)，respondingtoanotewithinamillisecondwithoutbattinganeyelid.“Idon’tplaybyear.Iplaybyheart.”Actually，Horamsays，“Myharmonicaplaysme—howIfeel，whatIam，whatI’vebeen.”MusichasenrichedlifewithfriendshipandmadeHoramfeel“partofsomethingmuchbigger”thanhimself.“Atatimewhenthecircleoflifemightbeshrinking，mineisexpanding，”hesays.“Maybeweneverknowcompletelywhoweareorwhatwecando.”1．WhydidHoramplaytheharmonicaonthestreetsofBradford?A．Torecallthegoodolddays.B．Tobegfoodfrompassers-by.C．Tolivehischildhooddream.D．Tocollectmoneyforcharity.2．WhatisGavin’sattitudetohisfather’smusicalability?A．Positive.B．Disapproving.C．Doubtful.D．Unclear.3．WhatdoesplayingtheharmonicaallowHoramtodo?A．Enjoythequiet.B．Listentohisheart.C．Expresshimself.D．Sharpenhishearing.4．WhatdoesmusicbringtoHoram?A．Alostsoul.B．Acomfortablelife.C．Abroadercircleoflife.D．Anewperceptionoffamily.BParents，teachersandcaregivershavelongsuspectedthemagicofstorytellingtocalmkids.Researchershavenowquantifiedthephysiologicalandemotionalbenefitsofawell-toldtale.“Weknowthatnarrativehasthepowertotransportustoanotherworld，”saysGuilhermeBrockingtonfromBrazil’sFederalUniversity.“Earlierresearchsuggestedthatstorieshelpchildrenprocessandregulatetheiremotions—butthiswasmostlyconductedinalaboratory，withsubjectsansweringquestionswhilelyinginsidefunctionalMRI(磁共振成像)machines.Therearefewstudiesonphysiologicalandpsychologicaleffectsofstorytellinginamorecommonplacehospitalsetting.”SoinvestigatorsworkinginseveralBrazilianhospitalssplitatotalof81patientsaged4to11intotwogroups，matchingthemwithstorytellerswhohadadecadeofhospitalexperience.Inonegroup，thestorytellerledeachchildinplayingariddlegame.Intheother，youngsterschosebooksandlistenedasthestorytellerreadthemaloud.Beforeandafterthesesessions，theresearcherstookspitsamplesfromeachchild，thenaskedthemtoreporttheirpainlevelsandconductedafree-associationwordquiz.Childreninbothgroupsbenefitedmeasurablyfromtheinteractions：theyshowedlowerlevelsofcortisol—thestress-relatedhormone(激素)—andhigherlevelsofoxytocin，whichisoftendescribedasafeel-goodhormone.Yetkidsinthestorytellinggroupbenefitedsignificantlymore：theircortisollevelswereaquarterofthoseintheriddlegroup，andtheiroxytocinlevelswerenearlytwiceashigh.Thosewhoheardstoriesalsoreportedpainlevelsdroppingalmosttwiceasmuchasthoseintheriddlegroup，andtheyusedmorepositivewordstodescribetheirhospitalstay.Thestudydemonstratesthatplayinggamesorsimplyinteractingwithsomeonecanrelaxkidsandimprovetheiroutlookbutthathearingstorieshasanespeciallydramaticeffect.“Theresearchersreallytriedtocontrolthesocialinteractioncomponentofthestoryteller，whichIthinkwasthekey，”saysRaymondMar，apsychologistatYorkUniversity，whowasnotinvolvedinthenewresearch.Next，theinvestigatorsplantostudyhowlongtheseeffectslast，alongwithstorytelling’spotentialbenefitstokidswithparticularillnessessuchascancer.FornowBrockingtonsaystheresultsindicatestorytellingisalow-costandextremelyefficientwaytohelpimprovehealthoutcomesinavarietyofsettings.Maragrees.“It’sverypromisingandfeasible，”hesays，“andpossiblygeneralizable.”5．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．Thephysiologicalandemotionalbenefitsofawell-toldtaleonchildren.B．Themethodsusedinearlierstudiesonthepowerofstorytellingonchildren.C．Thelimitationsoftheearlierresearchonthepowerofstorytellingonchildren.D．Themajorbreakthroughsachievedsofaronthepowerofstorytellingonchildren.6．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthestudyconductedinBrazilianhospitals?A．Itmeasuredparticipants’bloodlevels.B．Itdividedsubjectsintogroupsof81.C．Itquantifiedthebenefitsofstorytelling.D．Itcomparedtheimpactoftwotypesofstorytelling.7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“feasible”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Practical.B．Comparable.C．Adjustable.D．Readable.8．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Kidswithcancerbenefitmostfromstorytelling.B．Interactingwithothersimprovessickkids’mentalsharpness.C．Listeningtostoriesreducespainandstressinhospitalizedkids.D．Riddleguessingisaseffectiveasstorytellinginhelpingsickkids