专题 32 语法填空高频话题 (极端天气与气候)-2024年新高考英语一轮复习练小题刷大题提能力（原

专题32语法填空高频话题(极端天气与气候)刷大题、提能力1.（2023·广东梅州·高三丰顺中学模拟测试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Expertsareworkinghardtoprovideaccurateweatherreportsforthe14thNationalGames.Thisyear,thegamesarefeaturing35competitivesports,withmostevents1(schedule)totakeplacein13citiesorzonesacrossShaanxi.They2(open)onSeptember15andwillcloseonSeptember27,butsomeeventshadalreadybeencompletedbeforetheopeningceremony,includingthemen’ssoccer,men’svolleyballandsevendiving3(compete).“Meteorology(气象学)andsportsareinseparable,”saidCaiXinling,anexpertfromtheShaanxiClimateCenter.“Badweathersuchasrainstormsand4(extreme)hightemperaturescancauseoutdooreventstobedelayed.Otherfactors,includingwindandhumidity,alsohaveanimpact5theathletes’performances,”shesaid,6(add)thatwindcanhaveagreatinfluenceoncertainevents.“Forexample,ineventssuchasthejavelinanddiscus(标枪铁饼),alightheadwindcanincreaselift,7isbeneficialtoperformances.”Shenotedthattoomuchwatervaporintheaircanmake8difficultfortheathletestobreatheeasilyandperformwell.Butformarathons,alittlerainwillmaketherunnersfeelcomfortableandevencanmakethemgeta9(high)mark.InAugust2019,ameteorologicalcenterand65staffmembersfromacrosstheprovincebeganoperationsinXi’an.Andnowtheteam10(support)bytheworkofotherforecastersintheprovince.2.（2023·浙江·舟山中学校考模拟预测）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Debateshavebeengoingon11thesubjectofcarboncapture.Scientists,especiallyengineersandgeologists,havestronglycriticizedgreengroupswhoclaimedthatcarboncaptureandstorage(CCS)schemesarecostlymistakes.Thescientistsinsistedthatsuchschemes12vitalweaponsinthebattleagainstglobalheating.Theyalsowarnthatfailuretosetupwaystotrapandstorecarbonwouldmakeit13(possible)tomeettheemissionstargetby2050.“CCSisgoingtobetheonlyeffectivewayintheshortterm14(prevent)oursteelindustry,cementmanufactureandmanyotherprocessesfromcontinuingtopouremissionsintotheatmosphere,”saidProfessorStuartHaszeldine,ofEdinburghUniversity.“15wearetohaveanyhopeofkeepingglobaltemperatureincreasesdownbelow2degreesCelsius,wedesperatelyneedtodevelopwaystocaptureandstorecarbondioxide.”GreengroupsclaimedCCSwouldnotmake“ameaningfulcontributionto2050climatetargets”.TheysayCCSwasnotreliabletodecarbonizetheenergysystemandthatCCShas16historyofover-promisingandunder-delivering.Instead,theyurgedtheconstructionofmorerenewableenergyplants17(give)priority.Buttheclaims18(dismiss)byengineersandgeologists.“Theseclaimsarequiteunfair,”saidMichaelStephenson,directorattheBritishGeologicalSurvey.AgovernmentspokesmanfortheDepartmentofEnergyandClimateChangesaid,“Wearecommittedtomeetingourclimatechangetargetsinaway19isaffordableandprovidessecureenergytofamiliesandbusinesses.WeareconsideringtherolethatCCScouldplayindecarbonizationoftheUK.Butwealsoneedtotakegovernment20(spend)intoaccount.CCShadbettercomedownincost.”3.（2023·广东汕头·高三统考测试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Owingtoglobalwarming,sealevelsarerisingandrainforestsaredying.It’sclearthathumans21(cause)mostofthewarmingoverthepastcenturybyreleasinggreenhousegases,thelevelsofwhichare22(high)nowthanatanytimeinthepast.Globalwarmingiscausingasetofchangestotheearth’sclimate23varyfromplacetoplace.Manypeoplethinkthatglobalwarmingisthesameasclimatechange.However,scientistsuse“climatechange”whendescribingthecomplexshiftsnowaffecting24(we)planet’sweatherandclimatesystems—inpartbecausesomeareas25（actual）getcoolerintheshortterm.Climatechangeincludesnotonlyrisingaveragetemperaturesbutalsoextremeweathereventsandarangeofother26(consequence).Allofthemareappearingashumanscontinuetoaddgreenhousegasestotheatmosphere,27(change)therhythms(节奏)ofclimatethatalllivingthingshavecometorely28.Whatshallwedoandwhatcanwedo29(slow)thishuman-causedwarming?Howshallwedealwiththechangeswe’vealreadysetintomotion?Whilewestruggletofigureitallout,30futureoftheearthhangsinthebalance.4.（2023·内蒙古阿拉善盟·统考一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Theworld’soceansreachedtheirhottestlevelinrecordedhistorylastyear,supercharging(加剧)extremeweatherevents,scientistshavereported.Theyfoundthatthefivehottestrecordedyearsintheoceans31(occur)since2015,andthattherateofheatingsince1986waseighttimeshigherthan32from1960-85.Oceanscover71%oftheplanetandwatercanabsorbthousandsoftimesmoreheatthanair,33iswhy93%ofglobalheatingistakenupbyseas.Hotteroceansdestroyrainfallpatterns,which34(lead)tofloods,droughtsandwildfires.Heatalsocausesseawater35(expand)anddrivesupsealevels.Scientistsexpectaboutonemetreofsealevelrisebytheendofthecentury,36(threaten)150millionpeople.Highertemperaturesintheseasarealsoharmingmarine(海洋的)life,with37numberofoceanheatwavesincreasing38(sharp).Thestudyalsofindsthatthesinkingofsurfacewatersandupwellingofdeeperwaterisreducingastheseasheatup.Thismeansthesurfacelayersheatsupevenfurtherandfewernutrientsformarinelifearebroughtupfromthe39(deep).“Theoceansreachedyetanothernewrecordlevelofwarmthin2020,40arecorddropinglobalcarbonemissions(排放).Theplanetwillcontinuetowarmupaslongasweemitcarbonintotheatmosphere,”saidProfMichaelMannofPennStateUniversity.5.（2023·全国·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Theclimatecrisishasreachednewlevels