考点15 阅读理解之猜测词义（核心考点精讲精练）-备战2024年高考英语一轮复习考点帮（新高考专用）

资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】1考点15阅读理解阅读理解之猜测词义（核心考点精讲精练）1.三年真题考点分布考点题型词义猜测之猜测词义阅读理解2023试卷类型设问考点[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷]C29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“declutter”inParagraph3mean?猜测单词的意思[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷]C30.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“relateto”inParagraph2mean?猜测短语的意思【2023年1月·浙江卷】B24．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“jumponthatbandwagon”meaninthefirstparagraph?猜测短语的意思【2023年1月·浙江卷】C29．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“wrinkles”inparagraph2referto?猜测单词的意思[2023·全国甲卷]B24.Whichisclosestinmeaningto“adabhand”inParagraph1?猜测短语的意思[2023·全国乙卷]D34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“conversation”inParagraph3referto?猜测单词的意思20222022·新高考I卷Whatdotheunderlinedwords“embarkon”meaninparagraph7?猜测单词的意思2022·全国高考乙卷29.Whatdoes“maintenance”underlinedinparagraph3referto?猜测单词的意思2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷24．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“hithomeforme”meaninparagraph2?猜测短语的意思2022·全国甲卷28.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“taketheplunge”underlinedinparagraph2?猜测短语的意思20212021·英语全国甲卷29.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“Safe!Safe!Safe!”probablymean?猜测单词的意思2021年新高考I卷之C篇29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decimate”meaninthefirstparagraph?猜测单词的意思2021年全国乙卷之B篇25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“concede”inparagraph3mean?猜测单词的意思2021年新高考II卷25.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“getupto猜测短语的意资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】2之B篇mischief”meaninparagraph3?思2.命题规律及备考策略【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于阅读理解中猜测词义的考点考查了14次。主要考查：根据阅读文章部分内容来猜测词义。猜测词义的考查类型：1.单个单词的意思；2.考查短语的意思；3.考查句子的意思；4.考查代词的意思；5.考查熟词生意；6.考查生词生意。【备考策略】系统归类猜测词义的方法；熟练掌握阅读技能。【命题预测】通过阅读理解中的猜测词义，考查考生推测词义的能力、培养学生整体把握文章内容，不拘泥于细节，对于生词可以通过上下文理解其含义。因此，猜测词义还将在2024年高考中出现。【2024年高考命题预测】词义猜测之猜测单词的意思考点是高考中的必考点。每年的高考阅读理解中都会有猜测单词的意思题以考查学生的猜测词义能力。预测在2024高考中，猜测单词的意思会继续在高考阅读理解中呈现。【词义猜测之猜测单词的意思考点指南】规律方法：常见的设问方式：1.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“......”meaninparagraph7?2．Whatdoes“......”underlinedinparagraph3referto?3．Theword......inparagraph2means_________?4．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“......”probablymean?规律方法如何解决猜测词义题？此类题目有的可利用构词法来解答，首先要弄明白构词法的三种形式：派生法、转化法和合成法，现在高考阅读理解题中的猜测词义题考查派生和合成词形式的较少，主要是需要利用上下文的已知部分进行推理；有的还需要依靠常识和经验来猜测词义；还有的可以根据定义、解释和举例猜测词义。1.[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷]CThegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecideit’srightforyou.Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.Partoneconcludesbyintroducingmysuggestedmethodforadoptingthisphilosophy:thedigitaldeclutter.Thisprocessrequiresyoutostepawayfromoptionalonlineactivitiesforthirtydays.Attheendofthethirtydays,youwillthen资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】3addbackasmallnumberofcarefullychosenonlineactivitiesthatyoubelievewillprovidemassivebenefitstothethingsyouvalue.Inthefinalchapterofpartone,I’llguideyouthroughcarryingoutyourowndigitaldeclutter.Indoingso,I’lldrawonanexperimentIranin2018inwhichover1,600peopleagreedtoperformadigitaldeclutter.You’llheartheseparticipants’storiesandlearnwhatstrategiesworkedwellforthem,andwhattrapstheyencounteredthatyoushouldavoid.Thesecondpartofthisbooktakesacloserlookatsomeideasthatwillhelpyoucultivate(培养)asustainabledigitalminimalismlifestyle.Inthesechapters,Iexamineissuessuchastheimportanceofsolitude(独处)andthenecessityofcultivatinghigh-qualityleisuretoreplacethetimemostnowspendonmindlessdeviceuse.Eachchapterconcludeswithacollectionofpractices,whicharedesignedtohelpyouactonthebigideasofthechapter.Youcanviewthesepracticesasatoolboxmeanttoaidyoureffortstobuildaminimalistlifestylethatworksforyourparticularcircumstances.()29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“declutter”inParagraph3mean?A.Clear-up.B.Add-on.C.Check-in.D.Take-over.2.【2023年1月·浙江卷】CAmachinecannownotonlybeatyouatchess,itcanalsooutperformyouindebate.Lastweek,inapublicdebateinSanFrancisco,asoftwareprogramcalledProjectDebaterbeatitshumanopponents,includingNoaOvadia,Israel’sformernationaldebatingchampion.Brilliantthoughitis,ProjectDebaterhassomeweaknesses.Ittakessentencesfromitslibraryofdocumentsandprebuiltargumentsandstringsthemtogether.Thiscanleadtothekindsoferrorsnohumanwouldmake.Suchwrinkleswillnodoubtbeironedout,yettheyalsopointtoafundamentalproblem.AsKristianHammond,professorofelectricalengineeringandcomputerscienceatNorthwesternUniversity,putit:“There’sneverastageatwhichthesystemknowswhatit’stalkingabout.”WhatHammondisreferringtoisthequestionofmeaning,andmeaningiscentraltowhatdistinguishestheleastintelligentofhumansfromthemostintelligentofmachines.Acomputerworkswithsymbols.Itsprogramspecifiesasetofrulestotransformonestringofsymbolsintoanother.Butitdoesnotspecifywhatthosesymbolsmean.Indeed,toacomputer,meaningisirrelevant.Humans,inthinking,talking,readingandwriting,alsoworkwithsymbols.Butforhumans,meaningiseverything.Whenwecommunicate,wecommunicatemeaning.Whatmattersisnotjusttheoutsideofastringofsymbols,buttheinsidetoo,notjusthowtheyarearrangedbutwhattheymean.Meaningemergesthroughaprocessofsocialinteraction,notofcomputation,interactionthatshapesthecontentofthesymbolsinourheads.Therulesthatassignmeaninglienotjustinsideourheads,