机械制造工艺学双语课件

制造技术基础复习基本概念、基本原理英语表达参考ReviewtheBasicConceptsandPrinciplesofFundamentalsofManufacturingTechnologyinEnglishCHAPTERONEDESIGNFORMECHANICALPROCESSPLANNINGSection1Basicconcepts•Productionprocedureofmechanicalproducts•ProcessprocedureofmachiningElementsofProcessprocedureofmachining1sequence工序；2installation安装；3station工位；4step工步；5pass走刀•Sequence:processprocedurethatconsistsofseveralsequencesduringwhichworkersoperateontheworkscontinuouslyinthesameplace;(操作者、加工地、工作对象——人为划分，相对可变)•Installation:inasequenceiftheworkisrequiredtoputintopositionandclampseveraltimes,thepartofsequencedoneinonepositioningandclampingiscalledaninstallation;(确定）•Station:Inaninstallation,byusingtheindexingormovingdevicetheworkischangeditspositionrelativelytothecuttingtool.Allthetasksdonefortheworkinonemachiningpositioninaninstallationistermedasthestation;(确定）•Step：Inonestationifthesurfacecut,cuttingtool,velocity,andfeedremainunchanged,theseworkingcontentsarethoughtofasthestep.(加工表面、刀具、切削速度、进给量任一改变均为另一工步）•Pass:Whenthesurfaceoftheworkiscutforanyonetime,suchtaskcarriedoutisnamedasthepass•(刀具在加工表面的每一次切削）•Processingsystem:•asystemthatcontainstheworktobemachined,fixturethatholdstheworkintheproperposition,cuttingtoolthatmachinestheworkdirectly,andmachinetoolthatgivesthepowerandprovidethemovementstoaccomplishtheprocessing.Inrecentyearsthegaugingandmeasuringisaddedtothesystem.RelationshipbetweenthebatchandthepatternofproductionN-programofproduction,Q-annualturnoutoftheproductn-numberofthecomponentsayear,-sharerate,-wasterate,F-annualworkingdays,A-numberofdaysforinventory,-numberofcomponentsinalotAProgramofproductionInaperiodofplanning,theturnoutofproductandscheduletobefulfillediscalledprogram.(计划期的产量加进度=生产纲领）Theturnoutinoneyearplanningisnamedtheannualprogram.BBatchofproductionAtatime,thenumberofidenticalproductstobeputintoproductionortobeproducedistermedasbatchofproduction.(一次投入生产的同一产品的数量=生产批量）Processplanningformachiningoperations:stipulateddocumentfortechnologicalprocess(机械加工工艺规程：以工艺文件形式规定的机(1%%)N=QnbNFn=A械加工工艺过程)PatternsoftheprocessplanningformachiningGenerallyspeaking,theprocessplanningformachiningappearsintheformofsheetorcardwiththesamebasiccontentinthreepatterns:PatternA:sheetofprocessprocedures(工艺过程卡),averysimpleandconcisedocument,usuallyforsingle/smallbatchproductionPatternB:sheetofprocessoperation(机械加工工艺卡),oftenforbatchproductionPatternC:sheetofprocesssequence(机械加工工序卡),withdetailedandcompletecontents,frequentlyformassiveproductionSection2LocationandDatumoftheworkinmachiningInstallationandclamping(装夹）:concerningaboutthewaysinwhichtheworkisinstalledandclampedinthefixtureoronthemachinetool,includingtwoaspects,locating(定位)andclamping(夹紧).Locating:theprocedureduringwhichtheworkgainsitsproperpositioninthefixtureoronthemachinetool.Clamping:whentheworkpiecehasgaineditscorrectpositioninthefixture,itwillbesubjecttotheexternalforceswhilebeingmachined.So,toholdorkeeptheworkpieceinthecorrectpositionisdefinitelyrequired,whichiscalledclamping.Six-PointLocatingPrinciples：AcuboidisincartesiancoordinatewithsixdegreesoffreedomThesixdegreesoffreedomarethreelinearmovementsalongthethreecoordinateaxes,respectively,andthreerotationsaroundthesecoordinateaxesIntheory,thelocatingpointisthegeometricpoint;inreality,itissomethingdifferentwithitsthreedimensions.Thefollowingarecommonlyusedinworkshops.Buttonlocator(支撑钉);Plug(档销);Supportingplate（支撑板）;Pin/pinlocator（长销）Button;Cutpin/rhombuspin（削边销/菱形销）;Mandrel（心轴）;Vblock（形块）ShortVblock（短形块）;Positioningsleeve（定位套）;Fixed/floatingconicpin（固定/浮动锥销）;Center(顶尖（固定/浮动）)Completepositioning:locatingwithconstraintforallsixdegreesoffreedom.Incompletepositioning:locatingwithconstraintforlessthansixdegreesoffreedom.Under/over-positioning:thenumberofconstraintsofdegreeoffreedomislessthanthatrequired.Under-positioningoughttobeavoidedand,Over-positioning:thesamedegreeoffreedomisconstrainedbytwoorevenmoreconstrainingpoints,suchsituationiscalledover–positioning,whichwillbeallowedoccasionally.Datum(基准)isthepoint,lineorsurfacebasedonwhichthegeometricrelation-shipsamonggeometricelementsoftheobjecttobeworkedataredetermined.Theconceptissoimportantthatismaybeusedforanyaspectofproduction,fromdesign,throughmanufacturingincludingsequencesofoperation,tothegaugingandassemblyTechnological/processdatumsSequentialdatum:onthesequentialdrawing,datumthatisusedinthissequencetodeterminethesize,form,andpositionoftheworkafterbeingmachinedisnamedSequentialdatum.Thethreeaspectsaresupposedtobetakenintoconsideration:thepriorityofsequentialdatumispaidtothedesigndatum,thatisusethedesigndatumassequentialdatum,theselecteddatumisfavorableforthelocationandthegaugingofthework,andiftheaboverequirementsarehardlymet,thedatumusedtoguaranteethetechnicalconditions.Datummaybeclassifiedintotwocategories,DesigndatumandTechnologicaldatum,accordingtotheirfunctions.Idesigndatum:indesignofcomponents,theoriginfromwhich,accordingtotheassemblyX,Y,andZX,Y,andZrelationshipofthecomponentandtherelativerelationshipofthestructuralelementsofthecomponentitself,thedimensioningisdone.Theseoriginalpositio