人教版八年级英语上册unit3精讲笔记

Unit3精讲笔记A知识点1SamplaysthembetterthanTom.萨姆比汤姆敲的好。【讲解】better意为‘更好地，较好地’，在此处是副词well的比较级,修饰动词play。Good–better–bestWell-better-best比较级往往用在两者之间的比较，最高级用在三者或三者以上比较Shesingsverywell,butJimsingsbetterthanher.她歌唱的很好，但是吉姆比她唱的更好。【即学活用】Noonecansing_____thanher.A.goodB.wellC.betterD.best•知识点2•SamhaslongerhairthanTom.萨姆的头发比汤姆长。•【讲解】•（1）这是一个含有形容词的比较级的句子。比较级用于两者或者两类事物的比较，意为‘更…，较…’。通常用从属连词than连接，表示比较。•Shehasmorebooksthanhedoes.她的书比他的多。•（2）than是从属连词，意为‘比…’，用于形容词或副词的比较级之后，引出比较的对象，并且比较的对象前后要一致。•Heistallerthanme.他比我高。•（3）比较级的结构：•A+be+形容词比较级+than+B；•A+have/has+形容词比较级+名词+than+B•Mybikeismoreexpensivethanthatone.我的自行车比那个贵。IhaveshorterlegsthanPipi.我的腿比皮皮的腿短。•【即学活用】•1.Theboxwas______thanIthought.Iwasoutofbreath(气喘吁吁)whenIgothome.•A.moreheavierB.muchheavierC.heavyD.veryheavy•2.Jimis40kg.Tomis38kg.Tomis________thanJim.•A.tallerB.thinnerC.heavierD.fater•3.根据中文完成句子.•(1)我比我的弟弟大三岁.•I’m___________________thanmybrother.•(2)这棵树要比那棵树高.•Thistree______________thanthatone.•(3)你比他矮.Youare________thanhim.•(4)他比你更强壮.Heis_________thanyou.知识点3.形容词比较级和最高级规则变化词尾变化原级比较级最高级单音节词在词尾加-er(比较级)或-est(最高级)以字母e接尾的词加-r或-sttallhardlargeTallerHarderlargerTallestHardestlargest以重读闭音节结尾的词，末尾只有一个辅音字母，应双写辅音字母再加er或estbighotthinBiggerHotterThinnerBiggestHottestthinnest以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y为i再加-er,或-esthappydryHappierdrierHappiestdriest少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词可加-er或-estnarrowcleverNarrowerclevererNarrowestcleverest多音节词和多数双音节词在其前面加more和mostdifficultpopularMore~Most~•【即学活用】（一）比较级与最高级形式：•long_________wide____________heavy__________slow__________few_________happy___________unhappy________fat_________far_________•quickly___________badly__________brightly__________•(二)用所给词的正确形式填空：•1.Ofthetwogirls,IfindLucythe_______________(clever).•2.Gold(黄金)is_______________(little)usefulthaniron(铁).•3.Mysisteristwoyears__________(old)thanI.•4.John’sparentshavefourdaughters,andsheisthe_______(young)child.•5.The___________(cheap)bagsarenotusuallythebestones.•6.Theshortoneisbyfar___________________expensiveofthefive.•7.Theboyisnotso______________(interesting)ashisbrother.•8.Dicksings________(well),shesings__________(well)thanJohn,butMarysings_________(well)inherclass.•9.Shewillbemuch________________(happy)inhermewhouse.•10.Thisdressis___________________thanthatone.(expensive)•知识点4比较级的常用句型结构：•1.A+be+形容词比较级+than+B(A比B….)A+实义动词+副词比较级+than+BTomistallerthanJim.Igotupearlierthanmymother.2.A+be+(倍数)+形容词比较级+than+B(A比B…几倍)A+实义动词+(倍数)+形容词比较级+than+BThisroomisthreetimesbiggerthanthatone.Herunsthreetimesfasterthanhisbrother.3.A+be+the+形容词比较级+ofthetwo+复数可数名词(A是两者中比较…的)Lookatthetwoboys.Mybrotheristhetallerofthetwo.4.比较级+and+比较级/moreandmore+原级(越来越…)Heisgettingtallerandtaller.Sheismoreandmorebeautiful.•5.the+比较级，the+比较级（越…,越…）•Themoreyoucareful,thefewermistakesyouwillmake.•6.疑问词+be+形容词比较级，AorB？•Whichisbigger,theearthorthemoon?•7.疑问词+实义动词+副词比较级，AorB？•Whodrawsbetter，JennyorLucy？•常接的修饰形容词比较级的前置词有：•Much/alot/far+形容词比较级(…得多)•alotbetter好多了•Abit/alittle+形容词比较级(稍微…)•alittleearlier早一点•Even+形容词比较级(甚至更…)•evenmoreuseful甚至更有用•【活学即用】•1.TonyisnotascleverasLucy,butheworks____thanher.•A.hardB.harderC.hardestD.thehardest•2.Thisroomistoosmall,weshouldfinda____one.•A.bigB.smallerC.biggerD.biggest•3.themoreyousmile,the_____youwillfeel.•A.happyB.happierC.happilyD.morehappy•4.whois______,youorhe?•A.cleverB.clevererC.cleverestD.moreclever•5.Jackrunsas_____asSam.•A.fasterB.fastC.fastlyD.morefast•6.她越来越漂亮了•________________________________________•知识点5•That’sTara,isn’tit?那是塔拉，是吗？•【讲解】•本句式反意疑问句。反意疑问句是指陈述句后附加一个简短问句，征询肯定或否定的意见，或者希望陈述句所说的内容得到证实。•反意疑问句的结构如下：•(1)肯定的陈述句+否定的简短问句•Sheisagoodstudent,isn’tshe?她是个好学生，是吧？•---Yes，sheis.是的，她是。•---No,sheisn’t.不，她不是。•(2)否定的陈述句+肯定的简短问句•Pipididn’tgotoschoolyesterday,didhe?皮皮昨天没有去上学，是吧？---yes，hedid.不，他去了。---no，hedidn’t.是的，他没去。回答反意疑问句，答语含义是依据。肯定事实用yes，否定事实no来替。••【即学活用】•1.Hedidn’tgototheparkyesterday,didhe?•---_____.Hewasillyesterday.•A.Yes,hedidB.No,hedid•C.No,hedidn’tD.Yes,hedidn’t•2.There'snotmuchnewsintoday'spaper,________?•A.isn'titB.arethereC.isthereD.aren'tthere•3.Themanagercamehereinacar,________?•A.washeB.didheC.wasn’theD.didn’the•4.Youarenotanewmember,areyou?•----____.Ijoinedonlyyesterday.•A.No,I’mnotB.Yes,I’mnot•C.No,IamD.Yes,Iam•知识点6•TaraworksashardasTina.塔拉学习和蒂娜一样努力。•【讲解】As…as意为‘和…一样…’,as…as中间用形容词或副词的原级(as+形容词原级/副词原级+as）,其否定结构为notas…as，意为‘不像…那样…’•IgetsupasearlyasJim.我和吉姆起得一样早。•Sheisn’tasbeautifulasyou.她没你漂亮。•同级比较口诀：•同级比较用原级，as…as永不离•若是否定加not，as…as否前者•not加在as…as前，说明两者有区别•not加在so…as前，后者总比前者强。•【即学活用】Lihua’sshoesareas_____asZhanghui’s.A.cheapB.cheaperC.cheapestD.notcheap•知识点7•Oh,whichonewasLisa?哦，哪一个是丽莎？•【讲解】•Which在此问句中做形容词，后跟名词，意为‘哪一个’。•whichcitydoesshelive?她住在哪一个城市？•Which还可做疑问代词：•whichisyourbestfriend,TomorLucy?•哪一个是你最好的朋友，是汤姆还是露丝？•【即学活用】•你想要哪一个苹果？•__________________________________•知识点8•Hard-working，hardwork，workhard•【讲解】•【即学活用】•The_________boyalwaysdoes________and_________.•A.hard-working,workshard,hardwork•B.workshard,hard-working,hardwork•C.hard-working,hardwork,workshard•D.workshard,hard-working,hardworkHard-working形容词，努力工作的，勤勉的ahard-workingboyHardwork名词短语，辛苦的工作，hard是形容词，修饰不可数名词workthisishardwork,butIlikeit.Workh