丰田生产方式及其向中国汽车工业导入的研究

上海交通大学硕士学位论文丰田生产方式及其向中国汽车工业导入的研究姓名：李祺申请学位级别：硕士专业：企业管理指导教师：王毅捷2004010120032000200325.1WTO“”“”THERESEARCHOFTHETOYOTAPRODUCTIONSYSTEMANDITSAPPLYINGINCHINA’SAUTOMOBILEINDUSTRYABSTRACTItwillbethe50thanniversaryoftheautomobileindustryofChinain2003.Inthepastdecade,theproductionofvehiclesboomedquitequickly.Itisin2002thatproductiontotaled3.25millionunits,whichadvancedtheaimoftheTenth5-YearPlanofChina’sautomobileindustryby3years.However,China’sautomobileindustryisfacingwithseveralseriousproblemsasfollowedbecauseChinajoinedtheWorldTradeOrganizationin2001,openingthemarkettoincreasedcompetition.ItisofsignificancethatweresearchtheToyotaProductionSystem(TPS)anditsapplyinginautomobileindustryofChina,becausenotonlyoftheexceptionalperformanceofToyota,thecreatoroftheglobaldefactobestpracticeinmanufacturing,bustalsoofgreatsignificancetopromoteautomotiveenterprises'productionefficiencyandqualityofproducts,tolowerproductioncosts,tooptimizeenterprises'organizationalstructureandmodesofoperationandmanagement,andtostrengtheninternationalcompetitivenessofautomotiveindustry.ThepaperfocusesontheanalysesontheTPSanditsapplyinginChina’sautomobileindustry.ThepaperfirststudiesgeneralframeworkoftheTPS.Thepaperdemonstrates(1)thebackgroundoftheTPS,(2)thebasis,CostReduction&WasteBanishment,(3)thetwopillars,Just-In-Time&Jidoka,orAutonomation(automationwithahumantouch),(4)theelements,KaizenorContinuousImprovement.ThepaperanalyzesToyota’smaker-supplierrelationshipwhichiskeyessentialfactorcomposingtheTPS,anddescribedToyota’screatingsuppliersforcollaborativeadvantagebyahighlevelofdedicatedinvestments,ahighdegreeofknowledgesharing,andahighextentofintegratedrelationshipwithitssuppliers.Secondly,thepaperanalyzesapplyingtheTPSoverseas.ItisfocusonGeneralMotor’sexperienceofapplyingtheTPS.ItdemonstratesthefactorswhichcanbeusedforreferenceinapplyingtheTPSinChina’sautomobileindustry.Thirdly,basedontheanalysisofapplyingtheTPSoverseas,thepaperstudiestheTPSapplyinginChina’sautomobileindustry.ItdemonstratesthebackgroundandsituationofapplyingtheTPSinChina.IttriestoanalyzeobstaclesofapplyingtheTPSindepth.Thentheauthorputsforwardsomesuggestionstoovercometheseobstacles.Finally,thepaperdemonstratesthegeneralstepofapplyingtheTPSinChina’sautomobileindustry.KEYWORDStheToyotaProductionSystem(TPS),applyingtheTPS,China’sautomobileindustry,continuousimprovement,collaborativeadvantage120041821200220002002002325.136.6%“”2002WTO20021.5%10-11RobynMeredithTheOoofcompanyForbesApril14,2003p66.2200221201016.0514308.5%21.4%3843-420025TheToyotaProductionSystemTPS“”JustInTimeJIT“”Autonomation619301933919369AA19378281319502685370004072619761.11.119768/%2391501009275038.71907039.8/%12860100572044.5326025.3/%54.610011.521.111.721.41973197420909040170——1973——19744910111985IMVP550012TMBA20021020039135“”14951.1151992100200020020023001992200215%106199520002001200220030.79422.2106.9145.3158.3183.2206.9233.4325.1050100150200250300350vehicles1957196519801992199519971999200020012002year1.11957—2002Figure1.1productionofvehiclesofChina1802002325.1200285.820021025.71635%(1=10000units)71%30%1994WTO10%200625%10%8“”910197317“”18“”1204612214937.80.25%1915001122052.3%99.7%100%100%99.9%89.8%85.9%12003127402.2%212222“”12“”“”3“”“”“”“”23“”24“”“”25“”“”2613271932l942“”28“”“”“”——“”“”“”1951——29“”14“”30“”“”“”“”31“”“”90109010“”15MudaMuda321234567——32161232.1”“”2.11Figure2.1theframeoftheToyotaProductionSystem(I)173334“”“”“”“”“”“”“”“”18“”2.22.2Figure2.2assemblylineatMotomachiPlant——195019621970601982199819803587/4.2“”“”“”“”“”“”“‘”’“”1926“”“”——“”100“”TQC535MichaelA.CusumanoTheJapaneseautomobileindustry—technologyandmanagementatNissanandToyotaHarvardUniversityPress1991p187-189.2010“”“”“”“”“”“”1955“”“”2.32.3Figure2.3Andontheboradwhichhelpthelinenotpassdefectiveitemstothenextprocess1962“”1966“”“”1971“”FMSFlexibleMachiningSystem21“”————“Kaizen”36“”“”·——“QC”3712322“”“”19432030“”“U”382.4232.4Figure2.4RakurakuSeatComfyworkchair“”NUMMI“Kaizen”“”“”“”“24”“”QC39QC——“”2.52.5Figure2.5GoodThinkingGoodProductsthecorporatemottoQC“”QC67,000QCQC“”“”5019506“”“”39ToyotaMotorCorporationTheToyotaProductionSystemToyotaMotorCorporationInter-nationalPublicAffairsDivision&OperationsManagementConsultingDivision1995p32-352519862,648,71047.79596401989QC5002000002.4700004119883“”5S15S5S“”“”5SSeiriarrangementSeitontidinessSeisocleaningSeiketsucleanlinessShitsuketraining422625SSS“5SPQCDS5SQCDSP5S5S2.612327Figure2.6theframeoftheToyotaProductionSystem(II)1l28ll2315654342.7926102.1292.7Figure2.7ToyotaplantsinJapan1cm5km302.1200211938LandCruiser16121959Prius12031966bBVitz63441970VistaWish39751979Rav44-RunnerAristo46161965719758196891973101978111986121989131992WindomHarrier27014199215199830872312.2“”2.24319891992198530875317242743.540.518.722.67.510635376440622671110712.52.61.91.80.171984NUMMI9044TMUK2232A50354520023150464.238584733481explicitknowledgeinformation/tacitknowledgeknowhow49explicitknowledgesymbol/tacitknowledgeknowhow34/tacitknowledge21943“”502103451——BluegrassAutomotiveManufacturesAssociationBAMA198913BAMABAMA1997973519615265021050152034.