电气技术培训教材

目录前言·························································3参考文献·····················································4第一章柜体1．高压柜····················································52．低压柜····················································93．YK-12（40.5）变电站········································124．YB-12(6)/0.4小型箱式变电站································145．三箱、控制台···············································156．交直流屏、PK屏、计量屏、信号屏、模拟屏····················17第二章一次元件1．高压断路器·················································232．低压断路器·················································293．互感器·····················································324．隔离开关···················································375．交流接触器、热继电器·······································376．电容器·····················································387．变压器·····················································398．其它·······················································41第三章二次元件1．仪表·······················································432．主令开关、按钮、指示灯·····································463．继电器·····················································474．微机保护装置···············································505．变频器、软起动器···········································52第四章线材类1．铜铝排·····················································542．控制电缆···················································56第五章方案设计1．高压成套方案设计原则······································572．低压成套方案设计原则······································613．方案设计示例··············································63第六章二次设计1．低压设计原则及示例········································672．高压设计原则与示例········································72河南森源电气股份有限公司——高低压成套电器知识技术培训教材第2页3．典型低压控制原理分析······································744．典型高压控制原理分析······································775．电气常识··················································796．电气保护原理分析··········································90第七章质量检验1．质量检验原则·············································1012．成套电器检验常识·········································1023．试验部分·················································1034．售前与售后服务···········································107第八章报价知识1．报价分类·················································1102．报价名词内容··············································1103．成本核算常识··············································1104．二次报价一般知识··········································1105．无图报价依据··············································1116．报价示例··················································1127．母排价位计算参考··········································113第九章供应与生产、调度1．原材料供应与零库存管理···································1142．元器件供货周期············································1143．工程成本与生产成本的核算··································1144．工程生产时间的安排········································1145．协调供应与技术、质检与技术的关系··························1146．合同评审内容·············································115第十章管理与技术分析1．管理需要技术支持··········································1172．管理思路符合产品特点·····································1183．产品质量通过管理保障·····································1214．技术需管理方法来实现······································122行业展望·····················································123同行企业·····················································124河南森源电气股份有限公司——高低压成套电器知识技术培训教材第3页前言随着我国经济建设的迅猛发展，电力事业的发展保证经济建设的稳定，输配电设备在电力部门与广大企事业用户的支持下有飞跃式发展，为此，我们公司抓住时机，提高产品的质量，开发新产品，不断满足新老用户的需要，状大自身。为了提高我公司技术性员工与销售公司人员的电气知识水平，使我们公司技术力量进一步增强；销售力度加大，销售队伍素质整体提高，业务量再创新高，特编写此教材，希望同大家一起学习，共同提高。高低压成套电器知识面较宽广，本书按普及性推广，起点低，落点高，通俗易懂，从开发、设计、检验、调试、报价、售前与售后服务方面论述。希望对公司技术性员工有所帮助。本书由于编写人员水平有限，时间仓促，有疑点可相互讨论，以国标为基准。欢迎大家从多方面提意见，建议与批评，以便再版时补充或斧正。编者按河南森源电气股份有限公司——高低压成套电器知识技术培训教材第4页参考文献GB1984-2003《交流高压断路器》；GB/T11022-1999《高压开关设备和控制设备标准的共用技术要求》；JB/T9661-1999《低压抽出式开关成套设备》；GBJ232-82《低压抽出式开关柜》标准；GB7251.1-1997开关设备和控制设备GB3906-973-35kV交流金属封闭开关设备》GB311.1-1997《高压输变电设备的绝缘设备》GB1208-1997《电流互感器》《电气安装工程施工要求及工程质量达标的规定》《供配电系统设计规范》《10kV及以下变电所设计规范》《低压配电设计规范》工程图集电气试验公司样本同行教材个人总结河南森源电气股份有限公司——高低压成套电器知识技术培训教材第5页第一章柜体第一节高压柜1户内交流金属铠装中置式开关设备（中置柜）：KYN28A-12（GZS1-12）1．1从外形上分为两种：普通中置柜与平顶中置柜：800（1000、1200）×1500（1660）×23701．2组成部分：仪表室、母线室、断路器室、电缆室、互感器仪表室内可装计量仪表、继电器、二次端子；仪表面板可装各种仪表、指示灯、合分开关、转换开关、微机保护装置、继电器、温湿度控制器、保护连片等；母线室内可装汇流母排、进出线母排、一次插接头、穿墙套管等；断路器室可装移动式高压断路器或高压接触器，断路器导向装置与加热器等；电缆室可装接地开关、电缆固定夹、避雷器（过电压保护器）、也可再装一台移动式断路器，电压互感器、控制变压器，此面板有观察窗；1．3其优点：a．材料为覆铝锌板，防腐蚀性强，完全组装，无焊接，面板为喷塑件，美观大方，防护等级达IP4X；b．有完好的“五防”功能：1）仪表门上有远方/就地开关，断路器只有在试验与工作位置时，才能合闸，防止误合、分断路器；2）断路器合闸后，手车无法移动，防止带负荷推拉断路器；3）接地开关与断路器存在联锁，只有接地开关在分闸位置时，断路器手车才能移动与合闸；4）只有断路器在分闸位置时，接地开关才能合闸，防止带电误合接地开关；5）接地开关处于分闸位置时，下门与后门都有无法打开，防止误入带电间隔；c．本型柜体可以从正面进行安装、调试和维护，因此它可背对背、组成双重排列和靠墙安装，提高开关设备的安全性、灵活性、减少了占地面积。1．4非标中高压柜主要是：非标固定柜XGN2-12系列与非标中置柜KYN28A-12。2．箱型固定式交流金属封闭开关设备：XGN2-122．1柜体有两种组合方式：焊接型与“C”型材拼装式外形尺寸：1100×1200×2650单位：毫米（mm）2．2XGN2-12柜内分为断路器室、母线室、电缆室、继电器室；断路器可以是一体式，也可以是分体式；断路器可以用VS1固定式，也可以用ZN28固定式；断路器的位置也可装真空接触器；隔离开关可以是GN19、GN24、GN30等；进出线方式可以是电缆进出、母线桥架进出；设计难点：隔离开关与柜门的联锁、分体式断路器与操动机构的联接、电河南森源电气股份有限公司——高低压成套电器知识技术培训教材第6页流互感器的空间布置；该柜在高压柜市场上仅次于中置柜,它具有断路器安装方式自由.二次面板大可较多价廉的继电器（板前、板后接线均可）来作保护.电缆室空间利用方式多等特点;2．3本柜型隔离与断路器之间采用机械闭锁JSXGN而有较稳定的“五防”，由于机械闭锁比电气闭锁可靠，优先采用机械闭锁，闭锁方