中频感应加热设备的设计

辽宁工程技术大学摘要感应加热电源具有加热效率高，速度快，可控性好，易于实现高温和局部加热，易于实现机械化和自动化等优点，目前已在金属熔炼、工件透热、淬火、焊接、铸造、弯管、表面热处理等行业得到了广泛的应用。本设计研究了中频感应加热及其相关技术的发展、现状和趋势，并在较全面的论述基础上，对2.5kHz/250kW可控硅中频感应加热电源的整流电路以及控制电路进行了设计。本文设计的电源电路可用于大型机械热加工设备的感应加热电源。整流电路采用三相桥式全控整流电路，其电路结构简单，使电源易于推广；控制策略选用双闭环反馈控制系统，改善了信号迟滞的缺点，为以后研制大功率、超音频的感应加热电源打下了基础。关键词：可控硅中频电源；感应加热；逆变；保护电路辽宁工程技术大学DesignofInductionheatingpowerofmediumfrequencyAbstractInductionheatingpowerisequippedwithlotsofadvantagessuchashighheatingefficiency,fastspeed,goodcontrollability,whichispronetomakeheatingofhighandpartialtemperature，andrealizemechanizationandautomation.Atpresentmetalmelting,workpieceheatpenetration,quenching,welding,casting,elbowpiece,surfaceheatingprocessinghasbeenwidelyapplied.Inductionheatingofmediumfrequencyanddevelopment,currentsituation,andtendencyrelatedtechnologyhasbeenstudied，andhavemadequitecomprehensiveandintheprofoundelaborationfoundation,thisarticlehascarriedonthedesigntomaincircuitandtheinversioncontrolofthe2.5kHz/250kWsilicon-controlledrectifierintermediatefrequencyinductionheatingpower.Thisdesignisusedforbigfacilityofmechanicalheatingprocessing.Structureofrectificationcircuitiseasy,whichmakespowerpopularizedeasily.Three-phasebridgerectificationcircuitisusedinRectificationcircuit.Rectificationcircuitusesfeedbackcontroloftwoclosedloop,improvingthedisadvantages.Thefoundationforinventinginductionheatingpowerofbigpowerandsuperaudioismade.Keywords：ControllablesiliconmediumpowerInductionheatingInverterProtectcircuit辽宁工程技术大学目录1.绪论.......................................................................11.1感应加热电源的特点和应用.................................................11.2感应加热电源的发展阶段...................................................21.3感应加热电源发展的主要因素...............................................31.4感应加热电源的发展趋势...................................................32.感应加热电源...............................................................52.1基本工作原理.............................................................52.2基本结构.................................................................63.整流电路设计...............................................................73.1整流电路的分类...........................................................73.2整流电路的选择...........................................................73.3三相桥式全控整流电路.....................................................83.4整流电路的参数设计.......................................................114.控制电路设计..............................................................124.1控制电路系统的概述......................................................124.2控制电路的结构与原理....................................................124.3控制电路的作用..........................................................154.4控制策略................................................................164.52.5kHz/250kW感应加热电源控制电路结构....................................194.6控制触发回路频率跟踪调节................................................204.6.1触发要求..............................................................204.6.2频率跟踪电路..........................................................204.7过流和过压的保护电路....................................................205驱动电路的设计.............................................................245.1绝缘栅双极型晶体管（IGBT）对驱动电路的要求..............................24辽宁工程技术大学05.1.1门极电压对开关特性的影响及选择.........................................245.1.2门极串联电阻GR对开关特性的影响及选择..................................255.2IGBT过压的原因及抑制....................................................255.3IGBT的过流保护..........................................................265.3.1设计短路保护电路的几点要求.............................................275.4集成光电隔离驱动模块HCPL-316J...........................................275.4.1器件特性...............................................................275.4.2芯片管脚及其功能介绍...................................................285.4.3内部逻辑电路结构分析...................................................285.4.4器件功能分析...........................................................295.4.5驱动电路的试验和注意问题...............................................306辅助直流稳压电源..........................................................316.1三端固定稳压器..........................................................316.2本次设计用的的电源......................................................326.2.118伏，15伏稳压电压电源...............................................326.2.2±12伏，±5伏双路稳压电源............................................326.2.3元器件选择及参数计算...................................................337硬件调试.................................................................348结论.....................................................................35致谢........................................................................37参考文献....................................................................38附录一整体电路原理图.......................................................39附录二控制电路PCB...........................................................40辽宁工程技术大学1绪论1.1感应加热电源的特点和应用感应加热是根据电磁感应原理，利用工件中涡流产生的热量对工件进行加热的。由于感应加热效率高，速度快，可控性好，易于实现高温和局部加热，易于实现机械化和自动化等优点，已在熔炼，铸造，弯管，热锻，焊接和表面热处理等行业得到广泛的应用。在国外，感应加热技术已日趋成熟。在铸造方面，正在迅速发展双联熔炼工艺，即利用中频炉保温改性，进行球墨铁或合金钢的精密浇铸；在锻