机械波的基本概念

www.3722.cn中国最大的资料库下载UDCSHTradeStandardsofthePeople'sRepublicofChina中华人民共和国行业标准PSH3063-1999SpecificationsforDesignofCombustibleGasandToxicGasDetectionandAlarmSystemsinPetrochemicalIndustry石油化工企业可燃气体和有毒气体检测报警设计规范Issuedon15Apr.1999Executedsince1Sept.19991999-04-15发布1999-09-01实施ISSUEDBYTHESTATEPETROLEUMANDCHEMICALINDUSTRYBUREAU国家石油和化学工业局发布TheChineseversionofstandardshasprecedencetotheirEnglishtranslationswhichareonlyforinternalreference.本英文版为内部资料，仅供参考，以中文版为准。—1—PREFACETheSpecificationsarerevisedbythiscorporationbasedontheoriginalspecifications“SpecificationsforDesignofCombustibleGasDetectionandAlarmSystemsinPetrochemicalIndustry”SH3063-94accordingtothenotificationofthefile(1996)JBZNo.250issuedbySINOPEC.Thespecificationsconsistofsixchaptersandtwoappendices.Themajorpurposeofthisrevisionistoaddthecontentsonthedesignoftoxicgasdetectionandalarm.Intherevisioncourse,theproblemthattheoriginalspecificationscontainsnocontentonthedesignoftoxicgasdetectionandalarmhasbeengivenbroadlyinvestedandstudied;practicalexperiencesintoxicgasdetectionandalarminpetrochemicalenterprisesinthelastyearshavebeensummarized;suggestionsandopinionsfromrelevantdesign,production,researchanddevelopment,anddetectinginstrumentaspectshavebeencollected;andsomekeyissuesarediscussedmanytimes;finally,thisfinalversionoftheSpecificationsisconfirmed.IfanypartintheSpecificationsisfoundtoreviseorsupplementinitsimplement,pleaseofferyoursuggestionordatatothiscorporationforreferenceinfuturefurtherrevision,Thecontactaddressofthiscorporation:No.27ZhongzhouW.Rd.,Luoyang,Henan,471003.TheSpecificationsiscompiledmainlybyLuoyangPetrochemicalEngineeringCorporation,SINOPEC.UnitsparticipatedthecomplementoftheSpecificationsincludeLanzhouDesignInstitute,SINOPEC,TheInstrumentPlaneofYanshanPetrochemicalCorporation,SINOPEC,ShenzhenAnhuiIndustrialCo.MaindraftersoftheSpecificationsareWangHuaiyi,WangYubin，WangZipin—2—CONTENTS1.GENERALPRINCIPLES……………………………………………………………32.TERMINOLOGYANDSYMBOLS…………………………………………………32.1Terminology…………………………………………………………………………32.2Symbols………………………………………………………………………………33.COMMONSTIPULATIONS………………………………………………………44.DETERMINATIONOFDETECTIONPOINTS…………………………………54.1Processinginstallations………………………………………………………………54.2Storage-transportationFacilities……………………………………………………64.3LocationswhereCombustibleGasesandToxicgasesDiffuseandAccumulate………75.DETECTION-ALARMSYSTEMSOFCOMBUSTIBLEGASESANDTOXICGASES……………………………………………………………………85.1Systemcompositionandperformance………………………………………………85.2Selectionofthedetectors……………………………………………………………95.3SelectionofAlarmsorIndicator-alarms……………………………………………106.INSTALLATIONOFALARMSFORCOMBUSTIBLEGASESANDTOXICGASES…………………………………………………………………126.1Installationofthedetector……………………………………………………………126.2Installationofalarmsorindicator-alarms……………………………………………12APPENDIXA:PROPERTIESTABLEOFCOMBUSTIBLEGASES,TOXICGASES,ANDTHEIRVAPORS………………………………………………………………………13ATTACHMENT:ELUCIDATIONOFSOMETERMSUSEDINTHESPECIFICATIONS…………………19—3—1.GENERALPRINCIPLES1.0.1TheSpecificationsareformulatedinordertoensurethesafetyproductionand/orpersonalsafetyinpetrochemicalenterprisesbydetectingtheconcentrationofpossiblyleakedcombustiblegasesandtoxicgasesandtimelymakingalarmtopreventfireand/orexplosionhazard.1.0.2TheSpecificationsareapplicableforthedesignofthedetectionandthealarmofcombustiblegasesandtoxicgasesforpetrochemicalenterprises.1.0.3ThecurrentrelevantmandatorystandardsandspecificationsshouldbemetinadditiontotheSpecifications.2.TERMINOLOGYANDSYMBOLS2.1Terminology2.1.1CombustiblegasThecombustiblegasforthepurposeoftheSpecificationsmeansthegasesinClassAwhichlowerexplosivelimitsarebelow10(v/v)%orthedifferencebetweenboththeupperandlowerlimitsaremorethan20(v/v)%,orthecombustiblegasesorthosecontainingsmallamountoftoxicgaseswhichareformedfromliquefiedhydrocarbons,combustibleliquidsinClassesAb,andBabyvaporization.2.1.2ToxicgasThetoxicgasforthepurposeoftheSpecificationsmeanshydrogensulfide,hydrogencyanide,chlorine,carbonmonoxide,acrylonitrile,epoxyethane,andchlorethylene.2.1.3AllowablemaximumconcentrationItmeanstheallowablemaximumconcentrationofaorsomehazardoussubstance(s)intheworkshopair,i.e.thefigurewhichisnotallowedtoexceedforthehazardoussubstance(s)inthesirinworkingplacewhereworkersundertaketheirjob.Thefigureisalsocalledasthehighestlimit.2.2Symbols2.2.1LELmeansthelowerexplosivelimit(v/v%)ofacombustiblegas.2.2.2TLVmeanstheallowablemaximumconcentrationofahazardoussubstanceintheworkshopair.—4—3COMMONSTIPULATIONS3.0.1InaRegion-2oradditionalRegion-2wherecombustiblegaseswillbeusedorproducedintheprocessinginstallationsorstoragetransportationfacilities(includingthetankfarms,handlingfacilities,andfillingstationsusedforgasesinClassA,liquefiedhydrocarbons,liquidsofClassAb),combustiblegasdetectionandalarminstrumentsshouldbesetinconformitywiththeSpecifications.IntheRegionwheretoxicgaseswillbeusedorproducedintheprocessinginstallationsorstorage-transportationfacilities,toxicgasdetectionandalarminstrumentsshouldbesetinconformitywiththeSpecifications.(1)Foracombustiblegasorthegascontainingatoxicgas,andit