生产工艺英文版

Pyrometallurgical:Alsoknownasdrysmelting,theoreandthenecessaryadditivestogetherinafurnaceheatedtohightemperatures,meltingintoaliquidtoproducetherequiredchemicalreactions,therebyseparatingthecrudemetal,andthenroughmetalrefining.Hydrometallurgy):Isacid.Base.Saltwatersolution,usingchemicalmethodstoextracttherequiredmetalfromorecomponents,andthenusevariousmethodsofelectrolyticsolutionPreparationofmetal,themainapplicationofthismethodisdifficultinlowcapacityoftasteorslightlypowderedore.ChapterI:CopperProductionTechnologyCopperrawmaterial:1NaturalCopper:99%coppercontent,butveryfewreserves.2copperoxide:numbernotmore.3coppersulfide:themostwidelydistributed,isthemainrawmaterialforcopper.Pyrometallurgical:calcination(roasting)-----melting(smelting)---blowing(blowing)---refining(refining)Roasting:Removesomeofconcentratesulfur,arsenicandothervolatilepartsoftheimpurities------.___sulfurconcentratesmelting----.1.Sulfurcontentislow,getblistercopper,sulfurforalongtime,thegeneratedmatte,copper(40%-55%),2.slagmaterial:coppergenerally0.4%-0.5%.Matte-------àblowingbyblister,copper95%-98%,residuematerials:containinglead,zinc,leadfluegas.Sulfur.Zn.Blister-àrefinedbycopperconcentrate(99%-99.9%),slag:copperhigher.WetCopper:roasting(roasting)---leachingpurification(leaching)---Electrolyzation(electrowinning)Sulfidecopperconcentrate(20%-30%)---roasting-besolubleindilutesulfuricacid,coppersulfate,sulfurfromfluegasoflead,copperslagcontainingleadandzinc.Coppersulfateleachpurification------purposetoremoveiron,thenpowerintegralmethod,byIngredients:electriccopper:99.5%-99.95%,slagmaterial:platinummetalwithgoldandsilver,leadChapterII:leadsmeltingproductionprocessFirerefiningoflead:leadsulfideconcentrateroasting----sintering-àbeagglomerationoflead,lead40%-50%,slagmaterial:lead.Copper.,Smokecontainingleadandzinc.---LeadSinterchangesintoCrudeleadthroughsmeltingreduction.leadabout98%.slag(slag):SomeGoldandothermetalsofleadzinc,leadfluegas.---Firerefiningofcrudeleadàberefinedlead(99.9%),slagmaterial:Copper:0.001%-0.002%,Zn:0.6%-0.7%.Wetsmeltingoflead:leadsulfideconcentrateroastingàleadsulfate------BlastFurnace(blastfurnace)bycrudelead(98%),slag:copper(intheformoficerecoveryofcopper),zinc(smokemethodrecovery),blister-electrowinningrefinery-get99.9%ofleadconcentrates,slag:platinumgroupmetalsincludinggold,silver,copperandzinc.ChapterIII:zincproductionprocessFireZinc:---Flashflotationconcentrate.Calcination(flotation.roasting)bymainingredient,zincoxide,fluegassulfur,lead.Slag:copperwithzinc.Zincoxide-blastfurnace(blastfurnace)byIngredients:Crudezinc,leadfluegas,copperslagcompound.Zn,CrudeZinc-ZincElectrowinningberefinedàconcentrate,slag:coppernotmorethan2%,leadisnotmorethan3%.Hydrometallurgy;Zincsulfideconcentrates-areroastingàIngredients:Zincagglomeration,slagmaterial:containinglead,zinc,leadandzincsulfurfromfluegas.---Agglomerationofzincleaching(leaching)ofzincsulfatesolutionbytheslagmaterial:zinc,lead.---Ispurifiedzincsulfatesolution(refining)emulsionintheleadofcopper,zincsulfatesolution---clean-àelectrowinningofzincconcentrate(zincconcentrate)ChapterIV:refinednickelproductiontechnologyFirerefiningnickel;NickelsulfideroastingàNi------BlastFurnaceSinteràgetlowicenickel,thetotalcontentofnickelandcopper-25%8%slag:Nickel.Zincoxide,leadoxide.LowiceNickel-blowing-Ingredients:highicenickel,copperandnickel70%-75%,slagmaterial:nickel.Copperandnickelmatte-MillRunàcrudenickel(67%-68%)-electrolyticrefiningàNickelconcentrate(99.85%-99.99%)WetLianNi:Nickelsulfide-pressureacidleachingofnickelsulfate-àà-àcrudereductionsmeltingofnickel-.electrolyticrefining-ElectricNickel.ChapterV:lead-zincproductionprocessZincoxideisthemainstoneextractionoflead.Zincmetal,oneoftheimportantbasicrawmaterial---BlastFurnaceàorewasenrichedore,slagcompoundzinc(4.3%-4.5%),lead(0.82%-0.84%),Richore-furnaceblowingsmoke-.Javacompoundzinc(1.0%-1.5%),lead(0.1%-0.15%).Ingredients:zincoxidedustleadconcentrate-àgermaniumChapterVI:brassfactoryproductionprocessBrassiscomposedofcopperandzincalloy.Ifitisonlycopperandzinconthecompositionofthebrasscalledordinarybrass.Iftwoormorefromavarietyofelementscalledspecialbrassalloy.Asthelead,tin,manganese,nickel,lead,iron,siliconcopperalloycomposedofPyrometallurgicalcopperisusuallyafewpercentorthefirstfewthousandthsoftheoriginalore,bydressingupto20-30%,ascopperconcentrate,inthesmeltingfurnace,reverberatoryfurnace,stoveorfurnacetocreateFlashmattesmelting,meltingoutputmatte(matte)andthenwereblownintotheconvertertoMakeblister,andtheninanotherreflectionoffthefurnaceafteroxidationrefiningcomplex,orthecastanodeplateelectrolytic,99.9%weregradeofelectrolyticcopper.归纳：Jeffery2010-7-9