英语口译基础教程-Unit-1-Introduction

AdvancedEnglishInterpretingAnIntroductionTeachingObjectivesTogetfamiliarwiththetheoriesandbackgroundknowledgeandthebasicskillsofinterpretingTofacilitatestudentswithinterpretingproceduresandbasicskillsandstrategies,suchasmemorytraining,note-taking,oralpresentationandpublicspeaking,etc.TeachingObjectivesToarisestudents’awarenessofcurrentaffairsandbackgroundknowledgeTocultivatestudents’abilityofdiscourseanalysis,logicalthinking,cross-culturalcommunicationandinterpretationbothfromEnglishtoChineseandviseversa.DefinitionofInterpretingItisdefinedas“oraltranslationofawrittentext”.Itisaserviceactivitywithacommunicationfunction.Itisusuallyaface-to-facecommunicativeact.DefinitionofInterpreting口译是一种通过口头表达形式，将所听到（间或读到）的信息准确而又快速地由一种语言转换成另一种语言，进而达到传递与交流信息之目的的交际行为，是人类在跨文化、跨民族交往活动中所依赖的一种基本的语言交际工具。DifferencesbetweeninterpretationandtranslationTranslationiswrittenandinterpretationisspoken.Thetimelimitisquitedifferent.Professionaltranslatorsalmostalwaysworkinonlyonedirection,translatingonlyintotheirnativelanguage,usingagoodlibraryofdictionariesandreferencematerials.DifferencesbetweeninterpretationandtranslationAninterpreter,ontheotherhand,hastobeabletotranslateinbothdirections,withouttheuseofanydictionariesonthespot.TypesofinterpretingByforms:consecutiveinterpreting交替传译simultaneousinterpreting同声传译whisperinginterpreting耳语口译sightinterpreting视阅口译TypesofinterpretingByways:one-wayinterpreting单向口译two-wayinterpreting双向口译TypesofinterpretingBycontents:guideinterpreting导游口译ceremonyinterpreting礼仪口译informationinterpreting宣传口译conferenceinterpreting会议口译negotiationinterpreting谈判口译Orallanguageandinterpreting译入语TL口语是口译的基础。口译的规范化，摒弃口语中的亲昵语、方言、俗语、过激语言，口译要“宁缺勿滥”，求实为信、流利为达、动听为雅。中国目前的口译教学常常被认为是：口头表述的笔译教学。AsanAmericanmanagerofaSino-Americanjointventurefortwoyears,IhavetosaythattherearedifferencesinbusinessmanagementbetweenChineseandAmericans.//WearemoredirectandstraightforwardthanmostChinesecolleaguesduetoourdifferentculturaltraditions.//Ican’tsayourwayofdoingbusinessisabsolutelysuperior.Afterall,therearestrongpointsandweakpointsinbothtypesofmanagement.//Inrecentyears,moreandmoreAmericanbusinessexecutiveshaverecognizedthestrongpointsofthemorehumanewayofChinesemanagement.//Example1:Howdoyouinterpret?美经中美合企2年I说[e-mail].中←→美//we更直率比中←不同文传//Ix我bus.++毕有+&-@both//近年美企exe.强:hu中管//今晚，我们很高兴在北京大学再次接待我们的老朋友格林博士和夫人。/我代表学校的全体师生员工向格林博士和夫人及其他新西兰贵宾表示热烈的欢迎。//我相信格林博士这次对我校的访问，必将为进一步加强两校的友好合作关系作出重要的贡献。//明天，贵宾们将要赴南京和上海访问，我预祝大家一路旅途愉快。Example2:Howdoyouinterpret?今eveweJ北大再接老朋DrGreen&Mrs//I代全staff→Dr.&Mrs.G&其NZ宾:wel//IBelGr我sch访友合重贡//tom宾go南&上Iwishnicetrip//LanguagestylesininterpretingOrallanguageQ:DearMichael,whotaughtyouhowtoplaygolfanddoyoustilluseacoach?A:Alotofpeoplehelpedteachme—mostlymybuddiesattheUNCwhileIwasinschool.IoccasionallyuseaPROtoadvisemeonimproving--butnooneregular.I'vecometorealizethatI'mjustahack--sonowIamenjoyingjustplayingwithoutalotofcoaching.问:亲爱的迈克尔,谁教你打高尔夫球,你现在还有教练吗?答：有许多人教过我—多数是我在北卡罗来纳大学时的老同学.偶尔会请个职业教练帮帮我,但不经常.我已经渐渐认识到我不过是随便玩玩而已.所以现在更不想要教练,就自己玩.LanguagestylesininterpretingFairlyformallanguage–Q:WomenintheUnitedStatesgenerallylivelongerthanmen.Butinrecentyearsthatgaphasbeennarrowingabit.Howhasthataffectedthelifeinsurancebusiness?–A:Itisnotnarrowingthatmuch,thankgoodness.Wearestilloutlivingmen,wearestill.Wehavequiteagaponthem,stillabout7-8years.Theonlyreasonit’snarrowingiswomenaredoingthingstothemselvesthattheyshouldn’tbedoing,likesmoking,andallthosebadhabitsthatmenhavehadformanyyears.Butitisnotnarrowingforotherreasons.问:在美国,一般来说妇女比男人更长寿,但是近年来差距在缩小.这对人寿保险业有什么影响?答:感谢上帝,差距并没有缩小多少.我们还是比男人寿命长.我们和他们的寿命有很大差距,大约仍有七、八年的差距。差距缩小的唯一原因是妇女们做那些不该做的事情，如吸烟以及男人们很久以来就有的一些坏习惯。除此以外没有别的原因。LanguagestylesininterpretingFormallanguageIwishtothankyou，Mr.Premier,foracceptingmyinvitationtoshareyoureveningwithmycolleaguesandme,andforhonoringCanadawithyourpresence.ThesehavebeenverypleasantdaysinPeking,andI’mhappythatthisphaseofmyvisitshouldconcludeinsuchacongenialatmosphere.总理先生，感谢您今晚应邀来同我和我的同事们欢聚一堂。您的光临使加拿大感到荣幸。在北京的这些日子是令人愉快的，而且使我感到高兴的是，我访问途径的这一站能够在如此意气相投的气氛中结束。Interpreter’sknowledgestructureKI=KL+EK+S(P+AP)译员应该掌握的知识=双语知识+百科知识+技能(职业口译技能+艺术表达技能)–KI=KnowledgeRequiredforanInterpreter–KL=Knowledgeforlanguage–EK=EncyclopedicKnowledge–S(P+AP)=ProfessionalInterpretingSkillsandArtisticPresentationSkillsQualitiesaninterpretershouldpossessAstrongsenseofresponsibilityAsolidfoundationoftwolanguagesProfoundknowledgeGoodmemoryQuickthinkingOutstandingabilityofunderstandingFluentexpressionofideasHighmoralityForthiscoursebook《英语口译基础教程》共14个单元含盖了“口译记忆、口译笔记、数字口译、演讲技巧、跨文化交际、源语理解、主题思想识别、语篇分析、目的语重组、交替传译应对策略、译前准备、口译职业准则、口译质量评估”等主要交替传译技能，同时包括了“旅游、会展、经济合作、国际商务、礼仪祝辞、表演艺术、文化交流、娱乐、环境保护、信息产业、管理策略、国际关系、教育、金融”等专题在内的多个专题供口译实际操作，强化口译技能的掌握。ForthiscoursebookForeachunit(takeUnit1foranexample),Interpretingskills:memoryininterpretingTopicforpractice:tourismandtourismindustryPart1口译技巧(InterpretingSkills)Part2口译阅读(Pre-interpretingReadings)Part3词语扩展(DevelopingVocabularyandExpressions)Part4对话口译(DialogueInterpreting)Part5段落口译(ParagraphInterpreting)Part6课文口译(TextInterpreting)Forthi