基于DSP的交流变频调速系统的毕业论文[1]

本科生毕业论文存档日期：存档编号：徐州师范大学科文学院本科生毕业论文（设计）论文题目：基于DSP的交流变频调速系统的设计姓名：学号：专业：电气工程及其自动化年级：指导教师：科文学院教务部印制本科生毕业论文第I页共43页I摘要随着工农业生产的发展，人们对调速技术的要求也越来越高，而异步电动机在调速方面一直处于性能不佳的状态。然而，变频技术的出现改善了交流电机的调速性能，同时无速度传感器和基于微处理器的数字调速系统也开始逐渐进入人们研究和讨论的范围。作为高新技术之一的变频技术是重要的节能和环保技术，在各种工业生产、交通运输和家用电器中应用十分广泛，变频器作为变频技术的产品，在我国工农业等各方面有着极其重要的地位。本文以三相交流异步电动机为被控对象TMS320LF240X定为处理器，通过SPWM控制技术对交流电机实现恒压频比控制，电机变频调速的理论。介绍了SPWM控制技术的原理:包括单极性SPWM控制技术、双极性SPWM控制技术和SPWM的调制方式。给出了系统各部分硬件电路的工作原理、参数计算以及各部分器件的选取。系统硬件电路主要由主电路、系统保护电路和控制电路组成。主电路部分包括整流、滤波、逆变器，IPM驱动电路与吸收电路等;系统保护电路包括过压、欠压保护、限流启动、IPM故障保护等;控制电路包括DSP最小系统电路。最后叙述了具体使用DSP编写产生SPWM波形程序的步骤以及一些相关寄存器的设置。死区可以防止主电路桥臂短路现象的发生接着给出了SPWM波形的死区时间，这些波形说明电机可以稳定运行并实现变频调速。关键词:DSP智能功率模块恒压频比控制SPWM本科生毕业论文第II页共43页IIAbstractAlongwiththedevelopmentofagriculturalproductionandtechnicalrequirementsofspeed,andmoreandmoreisalsohighinspeedasynchronousmotoristhepoorperformanceofthestate.However,thefrequencyconversiontechnologytoimprovetheperformanceofacmotorspeed,speedsensorlessandmicroprocessor-baseddigitalcontrolsystemisalsograduallybegantoenterthescopeofstudyanddiscusspeople.Asoneofthehigh-techfrequencyconversiontechnologyisanimportantenergysavingandenvironmentprotectiontechnology,invariousindustrialproduction,transportationandwidelyusedinhouseholdappliances,inverterfrequencyconversiontechnologyproducts,asinallaspectsofouragricultureisveryimportantposition.Takingthree-phaseacinductionmotorisaccusedofTMS320LF240Xasprocessor,throughtheSPWMcontroltechnologytorealizeconstantpressurefrequencyacmotorcontrolmotorspeed,thetheory.IntroducestheprincipleofSPWMcontroltechnology,includingsinglepolaritySPWMcontroltechnology,thedualpolaritySPWMSPWMmodulationandcontroltechnology.Giventhepartshardwarecircuitprinciple,parametercalculationandeachpartofthedevice.Thesystemhardwarecircuitconsistsmainlyofmaincircuit,systemprotectioncircuitandcontrolcircuit.Themaincircuitincludesrectifier,filtering,inverter,IPMdrivecircuitandabsorbingcircuit,etc.Systemprotectioncircuitincludingover-voltage,protection,limitedflow,faultprotection;IPMControlcircuitincludingDSPsmallestsystemcircuit.FinallydescribesspecificuseDSPwriteproduceSPWMwaveprocessstepsandsomerelevantregistersetting.ThengivesSPWMwaveofdeadzone,deadzonecanpreventthemainelectriccircuitofroadarm,Aftergivesdifferentfrequencieswhenthemotorrunningvoltageandcurrentwaveform,thelinethatthewaveformcanstableoperationandmotorinverter.Keywords:DSPIntelligentpowermoduleConstantpressurefrequencythancontrolSPWM第III页共43页III目录摘要.............................................................................................................................IAbstract...........................................................II1绪论..............................................................11.1电机变频调速发展现况和趋势........................................................................11.2电力电子技术的发展现况和趋势.....................................................................21.3国内外交流调速现状.........................................................................................31.3.1国外现状..................................................................................................31.3.2国内现状..................................................................................................41.4本论文的研究内容.............................................................................................42交流电机变频调速原理............................................52.1三相交流电机的结构和工作原理.....................................................................52.1.1三相交流电机的结构..............................................................................52.1.2三相交流电机的工作原理......................................................................62.2交流电机的调速方式.........................................................................................82.3变频调速系统的fU控制方式........................................................................92.4SPWM控制技术原理.......................................................................................112.4.1单极性SPWM控制技术..........................................................................122.4.2双极性SPWM控制技术..........................................................................132.4.3SPWM的调制方式..............................................................................143变频调速系统的硬件电路设计....................................173.1变频调速系统的总体设计...............................................................................173.2主电路的设计...................................................................................................183.2.1整流电路................................................................................................193.2.2滤波电路................................................................................................203.2.4逆变电路................................................................................................213.2.5以IPM为功率器件的驱动电路............................................................233.2.6吸收电路................................................................................................243.3系统保护电路的设计.............