初中经典非谓语动词

非谓语动词动词都有什么形式？•do•does•did•doing•todo•done不做能谓语动词的形式：•Doing•Todo•done非谓语动词•一.非谓语动词的概念:•动词在句中不充当谓语.•二.非谓语动词的分类:不定式动名词分词I.Doing形式：•动名词:名词性质,即动词后加ing,就使之变成了一个名词来用;•现在分词:仍为动词性质,或有时可充当形容词来用.一.作主语:(动名词)•Teachingismyjob.•Learningaforeignlanguageisimportantforyou.二.作宾语:(动名词)•1.只能加动名词作宾语的动词:giveup,miss,mind,enjoy,practice,keep,finish,feellike,favor,fancy，worth,consider,lookforwardto,havefun哥哥妹妹期盼e起在WC开心的PKF42.既可加doing又可加todo作宾语的动词:•A.continue,begin,start•无区别•B.like,dislike,love,hate•+doing长期爱好或习惯•+todo暂时想法C.goon,stop+doing继续/停止做一件事+todo继续/停止做另一件事D.forget,remember+doing忘记/记得做过的事+todo忘记/记得要去做某事E.try/can’thelptrydoing尝试做某事trytodo尽力地做某事can’thelpdoing情不自禁做某事can’thelptodo不能帮助做某事3.作介词的宾语:•dreamof,keepsb.from,•begoodat(dowellin),•giveup,spendst./sm.(in),•bebusy,besuccessfulin,•beinterestedin…三.作表语:(动名词&现在分词)•试分析两句话中的doing形式,哪个是动名词,哪个是现在分词?•Hishobbyispainting.•Thenewsisexciting.•只有动名词(名词性质)可以作主语,而仍是动词性质的现在分词则不能,所以调换主语和表语位置便知.•Paintingishishobby.(正确句子)•Excitingisthenews.(不成句)•所以painting是动名词,而是exciting现在分词.四.作定语:(动名词&现在分词)•动名词作定语,表示中心词的用途:•adininghall,awaitingroom,•aswimmingpool,asleepingcar,•现在分词作定语,•1.表示正在进行某主动动作的:•therisingsun•themanridingahorse•thesingerstandingonthestage•2.表示“令人…的”•aninterestingbook•afrighteningtiger分辨动名词和现在分词sleepingpillsflyingbirdsfallingleaveswashingmachinesleepingbeautysleepingbag五.作状语:(现在分词)•作伴随状语:•(伴随着的动作为主动)•Iranoutofthehouse,crying•Sallywaslyingonthebed,thinking.•高中考查点六.作宾补:(现在分词)•1.感官动词+sb.+doing•See,lookat,watch,notice,observe,•Hear,listento,find,feel•(五看两听两f)•2.have/keep/leave/get+sb.+doing•使某人一直做某事动名词的固定用法•（１）go+doing•gohuntinggofishing2.Beworthdoing值得做..Thefilm“Kungfu”isworthseeing.3.It’snousedoingsth.It’snousecrying.II.todo•一、不定式结构:•肯定:todo•否定:nottodo•一般式:todo(被动:tobedone)•进行式:tobedoing•完成式:tohavedone•(被动:tohavebeendone)二.不定式作用:•1.起名词作用:•主语,表语,宾语,宾语补足语•2.起形容词作用:•定语•3.副词作用:•状语1.*主.表•Toseeistobelieve.•Tosayisonething,todoisquiteanother.•(常用it作形式主语)•Itisimportanttolearnit.**不定式做宾语用在及物动词之后•want,wish,hope,agree,promise,demand,ask,refuse,manage,learn,decide,pretend,choose.•巧记:•三个希望一承诺，拒绝要求再提问，设法学会表同意，决定假装做选择.选择Heagreestoshow.作定语:(常后置)•Ihavenowishtoquarrelwithyou.•Ihavenothingtoworryabout.•注意:如不定式中动词是不及物的,后面介词不能丢.•高中考点•Pleasegivemeachairtositon.•Iwantapentowrite________.with***宾补•Sheadvisedhimtodoso.**做宾补不带to的不定式**•表示感官的动词如:•see,hear,watch,feel,notice•某些使役动词•let,make,have•注:变被动要还原“to”Itmademefeelthirsty.Iwasmadetofeelthirsty.必须使用不带to的动词不定式•hadbetterdo...最好还是做……•wouldratherdo…宁愿做……•ratherthando…而不是做……•wouldyoupleasedo…请您做…*****复合宾语中结构要认清*****BushfounditdifficulttokillBinLadentodo经常作真正宾语出现．Everyoneisthepersontobelievein.2.不定式当形容词用：形容词修饰名词时，位于名词之前，但不定式作形容词时放在所修饰的名词之后（又称后置定语）3．不定式当副词用•(１)．不定式在句中表示目的＼原因＼结果等．Iamsorrytohearthat.caraccident(2).too…to：太…以至于不能…世界上最小的房子Thehouseistoosmalltolivein.(3)•soas+todo“目的状语”•so+形容词(副词)+as+todo“结果状语”Heshowshimselfsoastobegmoney.Theyaresotiredastolieontheground.其他用法:不定式与疑问代词,疑问副词连用•Idon’tknowwhichtochoose.Howto…Whento…Whatto…Whyto…Whereto...Whichto…Wetriedto,butfailed.不定式的省略:在上下文连接比较紧密的时候,为了避免重复,将相同的部分省略,但to不要省略．•不定式有标记,to与动原连一起•没有人称数变化,动词特点它具备.•主宾定状表补语,唯独做谓不可以.•Not加上不定式,否定结构要牢记.•疑问词与不定式,构成短语有意义.•仔细推敲多思考,准确判断有依据.III.done形式•一.作表语:表示所处的状态•excited,interested,surprised,pleased,worried,married…•感到…的二.作定语:•1.表示已经完成的某被动动作的:•therisingsun•therisensun•2.感到…的:•afrighteninggirl•afrightenedgirl三.作状语:•常作伴随状语:•(伴随着的动作为被动)•Theteacherstoodthere,surroundedbythestudents.•Sanmaosatinthecorner,laughedatbyotherboys.•高中考查点四.作宾补:•表示宾语“已经被…”•1.like,want,wish，have等表示“希望,要求”的动词:•Theteacherdoesn’twantsuchquestionsdiscussedinclass.•Idon’twantthechildtakenoutinsuchweather.•2.三看一听两f•see,watch,notice，hear,feel,find•Ifoundalltheroomsbrokeninto.•Hefelthisfacelostbeforehisfriends.•3.have,keep,make,let,leave等词.•Keepyourmouthshutandyoureyesopen•I’llhavemyhaircutnextweek.