小学英语总复习--常用介词介绍及专项练习

小学英语总复习小学英语介词总结介词（Preposition）一、概述介词是英语中很活跃的词，一般置于名词之前。它常和名词或名词性词语构成介词短语。同一个介词常和不同的词语搭配形成固定搭配，表示不同意义。二、常用介词的基本用法at①表示时间：Igotoschoolatseveneveryday我每天早上7点去上学。②表示在某一具体地点：Heisstandingatthebusstop他站在公共汽车站。③表示动作的方向、目标：Letmehavealookatthepicture让我看看这幅图。④用于某些固定搭配：atonce立刻、马上atlast最后atthesametime同时atfirst开始时notatall一点也不about①表示大约时间：It’saboutsixo'clocknow.现在大约6点钟了。②表示地点；在……周围：Everythingaboutmeissobeautiful我周围的一切都那么美好。③关于，对于：Wearetalkingaboutthenews.我们正在谈论新闻。after①在……之后：AfterdinnerIwatchTV.晚饭后我看电视。②在……后面：Hecameintotheroomafterme.他在我后面进了房间。behind①在……之后：Thereisabikebehindthetree.树后有一辆自行车②比……晚，迟于：Thetrainisbehindtime.火车晚点了by①在……旁：Heissittingbythebed.他正坐在床边。②到……时候：WehavelearnedthreeEnglishsongsbynow.到现在为止，我们已经学会了三首英文歌曲。③以……方式：Igotoschoolbybus.我乘公共汽车去上学。④用于某些固定搭配：onebyone一个接一个bytheway顺便说一句for①为，给，替：I'llmakeacardformyteacher.我要给老师做张卡片。②由于：Thankyouforhelpingme.谢谢你帮我。③表示给（某人）用的：Thereisletterforyou.这儿有你一封信。in①在……里面：Thepencilisinthedesk.铅笔在课桌里。②在一段时间里：Wehavefourclassesinthemorning.我们上午有四节课。③用，以：What'sthisinEnglish?这用英语怎么说？④在某一年份，季节，月份：in2002,inspring,inJanuary⑤表示状态，服饰：Helenisinyellow.海伦身穿黄色衣服。⑥在……方面：HeisweakinEnglish.他的英语不行。⑦用于某些固定搭配：infrontof在……前面intheend最后intime及时like①像……样：Helookslikehisfather.他像他的父亲。②这样，那样：Don'tlookatmelikethat.别那样看着我。③怎样：What'stheweatherlike?天气怎样。near靠近，在……附近：Mybedisnearthewindow.我的床在窗户旁。of①的（表示所属关系）：Thisisaphotoofmyfamily.这是一张我家的照片。②……的（用于所有格）：Heisafriendofmine.他是我的一个朋友。③表示数量（与连词连用）：OneofusisfromBeijing.我们中有一个来自北京④想到，谈到：Ioftenthinkofthem.我常常想到他们。⑤用于某些固定搭配：ofcourse当然becauseof因为，由于on①在……上面：Therearesomeappleonthetree.树上有些苹果。②在（星期）天，在某天的上午（下午，晚上）：TheygotoEnglishclassonSunday.星期天他们去上英语课。IleftBeijingonthemorningofMay1.我在5月1日早上离开北京。③用于某些固定搭配：onduty值日ontime准时over①在……正上方：Thereisalampoverthetable.桌子上方有一盏灯。②遍及，穿过：Thereisabridgeovertheriver.有座桥横跨那条河。③超过，不止：Sheisalittleover2.她两岁多了。to①到，往，向：Hewalkstothewindow.他走向窗户。②表示时间、数量，到……为止Pleasecountfromtentothirty.请从10数到30.③向，对，给：HappyNewYeartoyouall.大家新年好。underWhat'sunderyourdesk?你书桌底下是什么？with①和，写：Couldyougohomewithme?你能和我一起回家吗？②表示伴随状态，带有：Who'sthatgirlwithglasses?那位戴眼睛的女孩是谁？三、介词的固定搭配1)介词和名词的连用2)动词和介词的连用atarriveat/in到达atfirst起初；开始getoff下车atlast最后helpsb.Withsth.帮组某人做某事atschool在上课，在上学askfor请求atthemoment此刻getup起床athome在家；无拘束laughat嘲笑atpresent现在learnfrom向……学习atwork上班，在工作lookafter照顾atthesametime同时lookfor寻找thinkfor想到onworryabout担心onduty值日listento听onholiday度假lookat看；注视ontime准时talkabout交谈；谈ontheleft/right在左/右边waitfor等候；等ontheradio在广播中thankfor为……而感谢onfoot步行onsale出售；降价出售3)形容词和介词连用onTV在电视上播放beafraidof害怕onthephone在电话中becarefulwith小心；关心ontheway在路上beinterestedin对……感兴趣begoodat善于inbeproudof感到自豪inall总体becrazyabout酷爱inclass在课堂上belatefor干某事迟到inEnglish用英语begoodfor对……有利inshort总之4）其他inahurry匆忙地by+交通工具intheend最后bybus/train/plane/air/ship/bike/sea/land…inbed躺在床上lotsof/alotof许多，大量indanger在危险中atmost至多infact事实上atleast至少intime及时地atonce立刻；马上inaminute立刻inorderto为了1．用介词或副词填空①Heisgood________swimming.②Tomgets________atseveneverymorning.③________Sundaymorning,heplayedfootballwithhisfriends.④What’swrong________you?Thereissomethingwrong________myback.⑤Heoftenhelpsme________myEnglish.⑥It’stime________breakfast.⑦Canyousingasong________English?⑧Helooks________hisfather.⑨Pleaselisten________mecarefully.⑩It’stoocold.Don’ttake________yourcoat.○11Igotoschool________footeveryday.○12Hesits________TomandMary.○13Iwork________Monday________Friday.○14Heisill,soheisstaying________bed.○15Don’tbelate________thismeeting.2．介词填空①Tonyis________Canada.②Whatisthename________thefactory?③BettyisEnglish.What________you？④Who’sthewoman________theblackdress？⑤Wheredoyoucome________?⑥Shelooks________herfather.⑦Dothestudentsstay________home________Saturday？⑧Mymothercutthecake________aknife.⑨Themeetingended________6p.m.⑩We’llplayfootball________class.○11Go________thisroad,turnleft________thefirstcrossing.○12Canyoutellmetheway________thezoo?○13—whereareyoufrom？—Iam________Beijing.○14Let’scountthenumbers________one________fifty.○15—Whereshallwemeet?—We’llmeet________home.1，Wewenttothecountry_________averycoldmorning.A.atB.inC.onD.of2,Chinalies_______theeastofAsiaand_______thenorthofAustralia.A.to;toB.in;toC.to;inD.in;on3,Ididn'tgototheparkwithmyclassmates,becausemymotheraskedmeto_______mylittlesisterathome.A.lookafterB.lookatC.lookforD.looklike4,Ifyouareabletogettheticketstomorrow,pleasetellme_____phone.A.atB.byC.onD.through5,Lyonwantedtobeasoldierandhisdreamcametrue_______November25th，2008.A.inB.duringC.onD.at6,Myfatherusuallycomesbackfromwork_______6：30_______theevening.A.in;onB.in;atC.on;inD.at;in7,Thiskindofmachinewaswidelyused_________the1960s.A.inB.forC.atD.on8,I'veneverseensuchascaryfilm________mylifeA.byB.atC.onD.in