初中现在完成时态讲解带练习

一.现在完成时的含义及用法1.现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。2.现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。现在完成时的基本句型：肯定式：主语+助动词have/has+动词的过去分词.否定式:主语+助动词have/has+not+动词的过去分词.疑问式：助动词Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词?用法①现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。Someonehasbrokenthewindow.(窗户现在是坏的)Ihavealreadylostthekey.(我现在没有钥匙)Ihaven’treadthatbookyet.(不了解书的内容)Ihavejustcleanedmyhands.(手是干净的)此时，现在完成时常与already(已经),yet(已经),just(刚刚),ever(曾经)等词连用，通常放在助动词之后，过去分词之前。already:常用于肯定句中.yet:用于否定句，翻译为还没。疑问句尾.翻译为已经1.你已经找到你的书了吗?2.他们在这个城市建了许多房子.3.Judy还没到达.4.你吃过早饭了吗?用法②现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。ShehaslearnedEnglishfor5years.HehaslivedinBeijingsince(自从)hewasborn.Haveyoustayedheresince(自从)3o’clock?for+时间段since+时间点,since+句子①Mr.BrownhashadhisTV_____15years.②I’vetakendrivinglessons_______lastmonth.③Mysisterhashadhercellphone_____amonth.④Myfriendshaven’tvisitedme_______mybirthday.⑤Wehaven’tusedourcar_____alongtime.⑥Shehasn’thadagoodcupofcoffee____years.⑦Tomhaswornglasses_______hewas7yearsold.二.havebeen与havegone的用法比较havebeento“到过，去过”，表示曾经到过某处，但现在人不在那儿。havegoneto“去了”，表示已经去了某地，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。havebeenin“呆在某处一段时间了”三.实义动词分为:瞬间动词、延续动词瞬间动词：borrow,die,join,begin,start,finish,end,leave,buy,arrive,come在现在完成时的肯定句中，瞬间动词不能与表示短时间的句子连用，否定句中可以。瞬间动词若要连用可替换成别的表达方式:1.瞬间动词可用于“段时间+ago”的一般过去时句型2.瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语.与段时间连用动作状态dieBedeadBorrow/buyKeep/hadleaveBeawayarriveBeherebeginBeonEnd/finishBeoverjoinBeinmarryBemarried例句：①
他的爷爷已经去世2年了。②
Nick参军3年了.③
他离开深圳好长时间了。④
这本书我已借了4个月了.1.Thefamouswriter_____anewbookinthepasttwoyear.Ａ.iswritingＢ.waswritingＣ.wroteＤ.haswritten2.HaveyoumetMr.Li____？Ａ.JustＢ.agoＣ.beforeＤ.amomentago3.Howlonghaveyou____here?—Abouttwomonths.ＡbeenＢ.goneＣ.comeＤ.arrived4.—Ourcountry____alotsofar.—Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven______.Ａ.haschanged;wellＢ.changed;goodＣ.haschanged;betterＤ.changed;better5.—______you___yourhomeworkyet?Yes.I_____itamomentago.Ａ.Did;do;finishedＢ.Have;done;finishedＣ.Have;done;havefinishedＤ.will;do;finish6.We______XiaoLisinceshewasalittlegirl.Ａ.knowＢ.hadknownＣ.haveknownＤ.Knew7.HarryPotterisaverynicefilm.I_____twice.Ａ.willseeＢ.haveseenＣ.sawＤ.see8.ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates.——Really?When_____there?Ａ.willtheygoＢ.didtheygoＣ.dotheygoＤ.havetheygone9.ZhouLang______already______inthisschoolfortwoyears.Ａ.wasstudyingＢ.willstudyＣ.hasstudiedＤ.are;studying10.Hisfather______thePartysince1998.Ａ.joinedＢ.hasjoinedＣ.wasinＤ.hasbeenin11.—Doyouknowhimwell?—Sure.We______friendssincetenyearsagoＡ.wereＢ.havebeenＣ.havebecomeＤ.havemade12.Hehas___beentoShanghai,hashe?Ａ.alreadyＢ.neverＣ.everＤ.still13.Hurryup!Theplay__________fortenminutes.Ａ.hasbegunＢ.hadbegunＣ.hasbeenonＤ.began14.It___tenyearssinceheleftthearmy.Ａ.isＢ.hasＣ.willＤ.was15.MissGreenisn'tintheoffice.She_______tothelibrary.Ａ.hasgoneＢ.wentＣ.willgoＤ.hasbeen16.Myparents______Shandongfortenyears.Ａ.havebeeninＢ.havebeentoＣ.havegonetoＤ.havebeen17.Thestudentshavecleanedtheclassroom,____?A.sotheyB.don’ttheyC.havetheyD.haven’tthey答案:一．用法①Haveyoufoundyourbookyet?Theyhavebuiltmanybuildingsinthiscity.Judyhasn’tarrivedyet.Haveyouhadbreakfast?用法②For;since;for;since;for;for;since三．①Hisgrandpahasbeendeadfor2years.Itis2yearssincehisgrandpadied.②Nickhasbeeninthearmyfor3years.Itis3yearssinceNickjoinedthearmy.③HehasbeenawayfromShenzhenforalongtime.ItisalongtimesinceheleftShenzhen.④Ihavehad/keptthebookfor4months.Itis4monthssinceIborrowedthebook.选择题：1-5DCACB6-10CBBCD11-15BBCAA16-17BD