初中英语被动语态讲解-练习及答案-2

1被动语态（一）语态：英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。例如：ManypeoplespeakChinese.谓语：speak的动作是由主语manypeople来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如：Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.主语English是动词speak的承受者。（二）被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时：am／is／are＋spoken一般过去时：was／were＋spoken一般将来时：will／shallbe＋spoken现在进行时：am／is／arebeing＋spoken过去进行时：was/werebeing＋spoken现在完成时：have／hasbeen＋spoken过去完成时：hadbeen+spoken（三）主动语态变被动语态的方法（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词）（根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：Allthepeoplelaughedathim.→Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople.Theymakethebikesinthefactory.→Thebikesaremadebytheminthefactory.Hecutdownatree.→Atreewascutdownbyhim.（四）含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays.→Thiswatchcanberepairedintwodays.Theyshoulddoitatonce.→Itshouldbedoneatonce.（五）特殊情况（一感二听三让四看）1.Hemadetheboyworkfortwohoursyesterday.→Theboywasmadetoworkbyhimfortwohoursyesterday.2.MotherneverletsmewatchTV.→IamneverlettowatchTVbymother.常见的句型结构：Itis(was)agreed(believed/decided/hoped/thought......）that......大家同意（相信、决定、希望、认为）......Itis(was)wellknownthat......众所周知Itis(was)said(reported，heard，told，suggested)that......据说(报道、听说、告知、建议......)二、典型例题2（）1．—Susan,whyareyoustillhere?Theyareallreadytostart.–I’msorry,butI_____whentomeet.A.don’ttellB.didn’ttellC.haven’ttoldD.wasn’ttold（）2．Manyoldhousesaroundourschool____nextyearandalargegreenareawillappear.A.pulldownB.willbepulleddownC.willpulldownD.arepulleddown（）3．---Mywatch______.---Don’tworry.Let’sgototheLost&Found.A.islostB.isbrokenC.hasfoundD.hasstopped（）4．---DidyougotoSam’sweekendparty?---No,I___________.A.amnotinvitedB.wasn’tinvitedC.haven’tinvitedD.didn’tinvite（）5．--Howoften______yourschoolsportsmeeting______?--Onceayear.A.does;holdB.was;holdC.is;heldD.did;hold（）6．TheOlympicGames___________everyfouryears.AareheldBwereheldC．areholdingD．willho1d（）7．.Twelve-year-oldsshouldnottodriveinChina.A.allowB.beallowC.allowedD.beallowed（）8．—Thoseeggsofdifferentcolorsareverybeautiful.—Yes,they______inHangzhou.A.paintedB.werepaintingC.werepaintedD.hadpainted（）9．---Don’tlittertheground,boy,Lookatthesign::“Rubbishintothedustbin.”---Sorry.A,hasthrowB,wasthrowC,mustthrowD,mustbethrown（）10．Heismade______workfor12hourseveryday.A．workBworkingC．toworkD.worked（）11.Thegirlwasoftenheardhappilyinherroom.A.singB.tosingC.singingD.sings（）12.Usuallycomputers_________tosearchtheInternet.A.useB.areusingC.areusedD.used（）13.Itisreportedthatmorenewteachingbuildings_________inourschoolinthenextterm.A.willbebuiltB.wasbuiltC.hasbuiltD.willbuild（）14.Thesickboy_________tohospitalbythepoliceyesterday.A.istakenB.wastakenC.takesD.took（）15.--It’sdifficultforthevillagechildrentocrosstheriverforschool.--Ithinkabridge_________overtheriver.A.wasbuiltB.isbeingbuiltC.hasbeenbuiltD.shouldbebuilt（）16.--David,turnofftheTV________nooneiswatchingit.--Butit________offalready!Themusicisfromtheradio.A.sothat,hasbeenturnedB.when,hasturnedC.if,hasbeenturnedD.because,hasturned3（）17.UsuallyJohntoschoolinhisfather’sbeautifulcar.A.hastakenB.istakingC.istakenD.hasbeentaken（）18.Don’tputofftoday’sworkfortomorrow.Imean,today’swork_________today.A.maydoB.mustdoC.maybedoneD.mustbedone（）19.--Look,whatanoldpalace!Itlookssogreat!--Yeah,it________nearly800yearsago.A.wasbuildingB.wasbuiltC.hasbuiltD.isbuilt（）20.Don’tdiscusstheproblemswithyourpartnerunlessyou_________todoso.A.askB.areaskedC.willaskD.willbeasked4