基于单片机的交通灯设计

本科生毕业设计基于单片机的智能交通灯设计——硬件模块设计201×年5月独创性声明本人郑重声明：所呈交的毕业论文（设计）是本人在指导老师指导下取得的研究成果。除了文中特别加以注释和致谢的地方外，论文（设计）中不包含其他人已经发表的研究成果。与本研究成果相关的所有人所做出的任何贡献均已在论文（设计）中作了明确的说明并表示了谢意。签名：__________________________年______月_____日授权声明本人完全了解××有关保留、使用本科生毕业论文（设计）的规定，即：有权保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交毕业论文（设计）的复印件和磁盘，允许毕业论文（设计）被查阅和借阅。本人授权×××可以将毕业论文（设计）的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进行检索，可以采用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存、汇编论文（设计）。本人论文（设计）中有原创性数据需要保密的部分为（如没有，请填写“无”）：学生签名：年月日指导教师签名：年月日基于单片机的智能交通灯设计摘要系统采用两块STC89C52芯片为核心控制器件、三色LED灯作为信号灯状态显示、以两位共阴七段显示数码管描述系统各方向信号灯状态保持的时间。由按键开关完成上电初始化操作，各LED灯状态保持时间使用倒计时的显示方式，最大显示时间为99S。两组左转绿、绿、红、黄三色LED灯分别作为南北、东西方向信号灯显示模块，另外四组红、绿两色LED灯分别作为东西、南北方向人行横道交通信号指示灯，至此本设计可以应对交叉路口交通信号系统的基本控制情况。在此之外,为了真实的模拟交叉路口的交通情况，在另一块单片机电路上设计了一条东西方向循环流动的流水灯来模拟车辆通行时的情况。当接收到交通灯主电路信号后流水灯根据交通规则作出相应的反应。关键词：交通信号灯；单片机；LED灯；数码显示；流水灯DesignofIntelligentTrafficLightsBasedonSingleChipComputer——HardwaremoduledesignABSTRACTThesystemUSEStwoSTC89C52chipsasthecorecontroldevice,thethree-colorLEDlightasthesignalofthesignal,andthesevensegmentsofthesevensegmentsshowthetimeforthedigitaltubetodescribethestateofthelight.Completedbykey-pressswitchonelectricityinitialization,thestateofLEDlightstokeepalotoftimeusingthecountdowndisplaymode,thebiggestdisplaytimeof99s.Twogroupsofleftturngreen,green,redandyellowcolorledslightsdisplaymodulerespectivelyasthenorth-south,east-westdirection,theotherfourgroupsofredandgreenLEDlightsassomethingpedestriancrossingtrafficsignallamp,northandsouthdirection,thusthisdesigncanhandlebasiccontroloftrafficlightsattheintersection.Intheoutside,inordertomorerealisticsimulationoftheintersectiontrafficconditions,inanotherpieceofsingle-chipmicrocomputercircuitdesigndirectionofathingwhencirculatingwaterlightstosimulatethetrafficsituation.Whenthesignalofthemaincircuitofthetrafficlightisreceived,therunningwaterlightwillrespondaccordingly.keywords:trafficlight;Singlechipmicrocomputer;LEDlamp;Digitaldisplay;Runningwaterlight目录1.绪论.............................................................................................................................11.1课题研究背景.................................................................................................11.2应对交通拥挤问题的策略.............................................................................12.系统的整体设计.....................................................................................................22.1交通信号系统.................................................................................................22.1.1交通管控体系的构成............................................................................22.1.2交通信号控制原理................................................................................22.1.3本文中所涉及到的交通规则................................................................32.2系统功能概述.................................................................................................42.3方案的设定与论证.........................................................................................52.4系统工作原理.................................................................................................63.系统硬件设置..........................................................................................................73.1单片机的选择.................................................................................................73.2单片机的基本结构.........................................................................................83.3单片机外围电路设计...................................................................................103.3.1复位电路设计......................................................................................103.3.2外部晶振时钟电路设计......................................................................103.3.3按键模块..............................................................................................113.3.4显示模块电路设计..............................................................................123.3.5东西方向信号灯控制下的流水灯电路..............................................124.系统调试分析及结果.........................................................................................134.1硬件仿真软件...............................................................................................134.2设计实物的制作...........................................................................................145.总结与展望.............................................................................................................155.1总结...............................................................................................................155.2展望...............................................................................................................15参考文献........................................................................................................................16附录..................................................................................................................................17附录I元器件清单.............................................................................................17附录II总体原理图....................................................................................