裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记83课

1Lesson83Aftertheelections大选之后【Newwordsandexpressions】（9）electionn.选举formeradj.从前的defeatv.打败fanaticaladj.狂热的opponentn.反对者，对手radicaladj.激进的progressiveadj.进步的ex-prefix（前缀，用于名词前）前……suspiciousadj.怀疑的一．單詞講解：★electionn.选举ageneralelection大選anelectioncampaign競選活動eg：HewaselectedtotheSenate（參議院）inthelastelection.在上次的選舉，他當選為參議員。Electionday選挙日、投票日米国では11月の第1火曜日に設定された記念日electv.選舉（某人）eg：We’dliketoelectachairpersonnow.我們想現在選出一名主席。eg：Theyelecthimasmayor.他們選他當市長elect+sb+to…..選舉（某人）擔任（某職）eg：WeelecthertotheBoardofEducation.我們選她加入教育委員會。electorn.選舉人、合格選民★former（1）adj.从前的、以前的myformerEnglishteacher我以前的英語老師informertimeかつて、昔は＝informerdays以前、往昔（2）（前述兩者中的）前者的、前面的theformer前者←→thelatter後者2eg：Iprefertheformerdesigntothelatter.我比較喜歡前者的設計方案,不喜歡後者eg：KateandJanearesisters.Theformerisapianist；thelatterisasinger.凱特和簡是姐妹。前者是一個鋼琴家，後者是一名歌手formerlyadv.以前、原本nowadays現今，現在eg：Formerlythisneighborhoodwasapoorvillage.以前這附近是一個貧窮的村莊★defeat（2）v.打败defeatanenemy打敗敵人,戰勝敵人eg：Ourteamdefeatedouropponentby5：0.我隊以5比零擊敗對手。（2）n挫折、失敗eg：Ourbaseballteamhassufferedanotherdefeat.我們的棒球隊再遭失敗admitdefeat認輸adecisivedefeat一個決定性的失敗acrushingdefeat徹底失敗＝atotaldefeat＝anutterdefeat＊crush[krʌʃ]vt.壓碎，弄皺；鎮壓，制服，壓垮＊utter[ˈʌtə]vt.發出(聲音)，說a.完全的，絕對的★fanatical＝fanatic（1）adj.狂热的（2）n.（主義、宗教等）狂信者fann.（口）迷、熱心愛好者abaseballfan棒球迷；arock'n'rollfan搖滾迷becrazyabout……非常喜愛...,醉心於＝bemadabout…3fanletter影迷或球迷寫的崇拜信★opponentn.反对者，对手eg：Hebesthisopponentbythreesetstoone.他以三比一擊敗對手。opposev.（1）反對、抵抗eg：Iopposeyourgoingtherealone.我反對你去那裡eg：Thestormopposedouradvance.暴風雨阻止我們前進（2）使對立、使對抗oppose+sth+to＝oppose+sth+against對立、對抗eg：Heconsideredthematter,opposingitsmeritsagainst/toitsdemerits.他對比了優點和缺點來討論/考慮這件事。beopposedtosth與某事物相對立,反對某事物eg：Sheisstronglyopposedtotheirplan.她強烈反對他們的計劃。asopposedto與...形成對照eg：Iamhereonbusinessasopposedtoaholiday.我在這裡是辦公事而不是度假★radical（1）根本的、徹底的（thorough）radicalimprovements徹底改進；radicalchange裂變（2）過激的、激进的、極端的（extreme）theradicalparty激進黨；radicallyadv.根本地,完全地,過激地radicalism['rædiklizəm]n.急進主義,根本的改革主義★progressive（1）adj.进步的←→conservative[kənˈsə:vətiv]a.保守的，守舊的；傳統的n.保守的人amayorwithprogressiveideas思想進步的市長eg：Thenewchairmanisquiteprogressive.新主席是相當前衛的。4（2）前進的、進行的←→regressive[riˈgresiv]a.退步的，退化的progress（1）n.前進、進行makeswiftprogresstowardthedestination目的迅速前進←→makeslowprogresstowardthedestination目的緩慢前進（2）n.進步、上進、發展theprogressofmedicine醫學進展eg：You’vemadegreatprogressinspeakingEnglish.講英語你已經取得了很大進展。（3）n.經過、過程、進展eg：Thepatientismakingremarkableprogress.這個病人進步極為顯著。（4）v.前進、進行、上進、提高eg：Wearenowprogressingsteadilywithourwork.我們的工作現正穩步推進。eg：You’veprogressedquicklyinmathematics.你在數學上進步很快★ex-（1）prefix（前缀，用于名词前）前……（相当于former）ex-boyfriend昔の彼氏、もとの恋人；ex-wife前妻ex-president前任總統、前大統領｛ぜんだいとうりょう｝、元社長｛もとしゃちょう｝ex-primeMinister前總理、（2）到外面、向外面excludevt.把…排斥在外，不包括expressvt.表示；快運n.快車(運)a./ad.特快(的)exportn.出口(物)，輸出(品)v.出口，輸出※新東方補充：ex-husband前夫；ex-wife前妻；5ex-taxi-driver前出租汽车司机ex-manager前任经理；ex-headmaster前任校长★suspiciousadj.怀疑的asuspiciousnature多疑的性格asuspiciousglance狐疑的目光suspiciously[sə'spiʃəsli]adv.猜疑地,可疑地suspicion（1）n.（c）（n）猜疑withsuspicion懷疑地eg：Hisremarksarousedmysuspicion.他的話引起了我的懷疑。eg：Ihaveasuspicionthatmyphonehasbeentapped.我懷疑，我的手機已被竊聽。（2）一些、一點點eg：Ismelledasuspicionoffragrancewhenshepassed.當她經過時我聞到一點點香氣。suspect（1）v.猜疑suspectsbof…….猜疑某人某事eg：Shesuspectedhimoftakinghermoney.她懷疑他偷她的錢。（2）（口）猜想、以為………suspectthat……懷疑eg：Shesuspectedhewaslying.她懷疑他是在撒謊suspectsbtobe懷疑某人eg：Isuspecthimtobethepickpocket.我懷疑他是扒手。二．Keystructures：現在進行時：be+v.-ing一般現在時：6一般過去時：現在完成時：have/has+p.p.過去完成時：had+p.p.現在完成進行時：has/havebeendoing過去進行時：were/wasv.-ing被動語態：be+p.p.※新東方補充：【SpecialDifficulties】TemperandMoodtemper①n.脾气，性情Thistime,thepolicemanlosthistemper.Whateverhappens,remembertokeepourtemper.Mysisterisofacalm/quicktemper.我姐姐/妹妹性情平和/脾气急躁。Thebossisinatempertoday.老板今天脾气不好。②n.心情，情绪（与mood同义）Thatmorninghewasinagoodmood/temper.moodn.心情，情绪；有意/想要（做某事）（不能用temper）Whenheisinabadtemper,hegetsangryeasily.Butwhenheisinabadmood,helikestositalone.（badmood和badtemper稍有区别）当他脾气不好时，他很容易生气。但当他心情不好时，他喜欢独自坐着。AtthattimeIwasnotinthemoodfortalking/totalk.（不能用temper）AlthoughJeremyiswell-knownforhisgreatsenseofhumour,heisinnomoodfortellingfunnystoriestoday.（不能用temper）【Text】WhydidPatrickkeeponaskingthesamequestion?TheformerPrimeMinister,Mr.WentworthLane,wasdefeatedintherecent7elections.Heisnowretiringfrompoliticallifeandhasgoneabroad.Myfriend,Patrick,hasalwaysbeenafanaticalopponentofMr.Lane'sRadicalProgressiveParty.Aftertheelections,PatrickwenttotheformerPrimeMinister'shouse.WhenheaskedifMr.Lanelivedthere,thepolicemanondutytoldhimthatsincehisdefeat,theex-PrimeMinisterhadgoneabroad.Onthefollowingday,Patrickwenttothehouseagain.Thesamepolicemanwasjustwalkingslowlypasttheentrance,whenPatrickaskedthesamequestion.Thoughalittlesuspiciousthistime,thepolicemangavehimthesameanswer.Thedayafter,Patrickwenttothehouseoncemoreandaskedexactlythesamequestion.Thistime,thepolicemanlosthistemper.'Itoldyouyesterdayandthedaybeforeyesterday,'heshouted,'Mr.Lanewasdefeatedintheelections.Hehasretiredfrompoliticallifeandgonetoliveabroad!'Iknow,'answeredPatrick,'butIlovetohearyousayit!'三．課文講解：★TheformerPrimeMinister,Mr.WentworthLane,wasdefe