起重吊装安全培训课件(英文)-Cranes-HSE-Training

•From1992-2006,323constructionworkerdeathsinvolving307craneincidentswereidentified•Anaverageof22constructionworkerdeathsperyear•Electrocutionbypower-linecontactwasthemostcommontypeofincident,with102deaths(32%)reported.1.BackgroundCauseofdeath#deaths%Overheadpowerlineelectrocutions10232%Cranecollapses6821%Struckbycranebooms/jibs*5918%Struckbycraneloads247%Caughtin/between217%Struckbycranes**186%Othercauses***3110%Total323*****52of59struckbycranebooms/jibswereduetofallingbooms/jibs**Includes10runoverbymobilecranes***Othercausesincludes14struckbyothercranepartsand9highwayincidents****Doesnotaddto100duetorounding.Source:U.S.BureauofLaborStatisticsCensusofFatalOccupationalInjuriesResearchFileCIRCUMSTANCESOFINJURY,CRANE-RELATEDDEATHS,USCONSTRUCTION,1992-2006*Datafrom2006arepreliminary;datafrom1992-2005arerevisedandfinal.Source:U.S.BureauofLaborStatisticsCensusofFatalOccupationalInjuriesResearchCrane-RelatedDeathsinConstructionbyYear1992-2006*•Complywiththemanufacturer'sspecifications2.1CranesandDerricks.Beginningofeachshift•Eachcontractorcraneoperatorshallperformadailypre-operationalsafetyinspection,priortooperatinghisassignedcrane,usingthecranemanufacturer’sdailyinspectionchecklist•Raisehooktoupperendoftravelslowlytotestlimitswitch–Ifoverheadtypeoperatetrolley&bridgetravel–ObservedriftafterpowerreleasetodeterminebrakeadjustmentSaudiAramcoCraneGI-7.0282.2CRANELIFTS:TYPES&PROCEDURES(SAGI7.028)•Ratedloadcapacitiesshallbeconspicuouslyposted.•Warningsvisibletooperatorwhileheisathiscontrolstation.SaudiAramcoCraneGI-7.0282.2CRANELIFTS:TYPES&PROCEDURES•Adesignatedsignalmanshallbeusedatalltimesduringthelifting,moving,andsettingofaload.•Onlyonedesignatedsignalmanshallgivesignalstothecraneoperator.•Thedesignatedsignalmanandcraneoperatorshallverifythattheyarefamiliarwiththesamesetofhandsignals2.2CRANELIFTS:TYPES&PROCEDURESSaudiAramcoCraneGI-7.028•Operatorsshallinspectallmachineryandequipment:–priortoeachuse,and–duringuse,•Anydeficienciesshallberepaired,ordefectivepartsreplaced,beforecontinueduse.2.2CRANELIFTS:TYPES&PROCEDURES.•InspectionandTestingRequirementsshallbeperformed.•Mobilecranesshallreceiveanannualinspection.2.3INSPECTIONANDTESTINGREQUIREMENTSFORELEVATING/LIFTINGEQUIPMENTDailyInspections–Operationofcrane,controls,movement–Visualinspectionofalllinesforleaks–Checklimitswitch–Checkbrakesforcoasting–Twisted,broken,kinkedwirerope–Deformed,stretched,orcrackedhooks–Observecorrectspooling–CheckkeepersDocumentedon:cranemanufacturer’sdailyinspectionchecklist&retainedfor3monthsAStandbyorinfrequentserviceAnnuallyBLightservice-2-5liftshr.AnnuallyCModerateservice-50%capacity,5-10liftshr.AnnuallyDHeavyservice-50%capacity,10-20liftshr.SemiannuallyESevereservice-Nearcapacity,20+liftshr.QuarterlyFContinuoussevereservice-NearcapacityBi-monthlyandcontinuousservicethroughoutdayClassDescriptionTypicalScheduleCMAARecommendedInspectionScheduleBASICSOFCRANESAFETYALWAYSCHECKLOADRATING•Wireropeshallbetakenoutofservicewhenanyofthefollowingconditionsexist:–Inrunningropes,sixrandomlydistributedbrokenwiresinonelayorthreebrokenwiresinonestrandinonelay;ASMEB-30.5•Wireropeshallbetakenoutofservicewhenanyofthefollowingconditionsexist:–Wearofone-thirdthediameterofoutsideindividualwires.–Kinking,–Crushing,–Birdcaging,–oranyotherdamageresultingindistortionoftheropestructure2.4RIGGINGHARDWAREREQUIREMENTS2.4RIGGINGHARDWAREREQUIREMENTSASMEB-30.5•Defectiveordamagedrigginghardware,orrigginghardwarethatdoesnotcomply,shallbeimmediatelyremovedfromserviceandshallbedestroyedtopreventfurtheruse•Instandingropes,morethantwobrokenwiresinonelayinsectionsbeyondendconnectionsormorethanonebrokenwireatanendconnection.•WireropesafetyfactorsinaccordancewithAmericanNationalStandardsInstituteB30.5-1968orSAEJ959-1966.•Allcranelifts(standardandcritical)requireproperlylicensedand3rdpartyCertifiedoperators.•Thecraneoperatorshallhavethefinaldecisiononanycraneliftthataffectsthesafetyofhiscrane..•Neverliftloadsoverpeople,warnpersonnelofapproachingloads.•Donotmakesidepulls,liftallloadsvertically.•Donotuselimitswitchesasnormalstoppingdevices2.5CraneWarningSigns•Donotoperateequipmentwithdamaged•Positioncontrolsinoffposition,andopenmainlineswitchwhenleavingcrane.•Donotremoveobscureordefacethislabel,CraneWarningSigns•MovingpartsorequipmentShallbeguardedifexposedtocontactbyemployees,orotherwisecreateahazard.Exposedchaindrive2.6CranesandDerricks.•Accessibleareaswithintheswingradiusoftherearoftherotatingsuperstructureofthecrane,eitherpermanentlyortemporarilymounted,shallbebarricadedinsuchamannerastopreventanemployeefrombeingstruckorcrushedbythecrane.CRANELIFTS:TYPES&PROCEDURES•(a)(10)Allexhaustpipesshallbeguardedorinsulatedinareaswherecontactbyemployeesispossibleintheperformanceofnormalduties.CranesandDerricks.•(a)(11)Wheneverinternalcombustionenginepoweredequipmentexhaustsinenclosedspaces,testsshallbemadeandrecordedtoseethatemployeesarenotexposedtounsafeconcentrationsoftoxicgasesoroxygendeficientatmospheres.CranesandDerricks.•(a)(12)Allwindowsincabsshallbeofsafetyglass,orequivalent,thatin