英语单词各种词缀一览表

英语单词各种词性一览表词性尾缀其实很多，大家主要记住最常用的1.名词后缀1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis:做某件事情或职业的人或物：worker,debtor2)-acy,表示性质，状态，境遇democracy,accuracy,diplomacy3)-ance,-ence表示性质，状况，行为，过程，总量，程度”importance,diligence,difference,obedience4)-ancy,-ency,表示性质，状态，行为，过程frequency,urgency,efficiency,5)-bility,表示动作，性质，状态possibility,flexibility,feasibility,6)-dom,表示等级，领域，状态freedom,kingdom,wisdom7)-hood,表示资格，身份,年纪，状态childhood,manhood,falsehood8)-ion,-sion,-tion,-ation,-ition,表示行为的过程，结果，状况action,solution,conclusion,destruction,expression,correction9)-ism,表示制度，主义，学说，信仰，行为socialism,criticism,colloquialism,heroism10)-ity,表示性质，状态，程度”purity,reality,ability,calamity11)-ment,表示行为，状态，过程，手段及其结果treatment,movement,judgment,punishment,argument12)-ness,表示性质，状态，程度goodness,kindness,tiredness,friendliness13)-ship,表示情况，性质，技巧，技能及身份，职业”hardship,membership,friendship14)-th,表示动作，性质，过程，状态depth,wealth,truth,length,growth15)-tude,表示性质，状态，程度latitude,altitude(海拔)16)-ure,表示行为，结果exposure,pressure,failure,procedure(手续)，17-grapy,表示……学，写法”biography,calligraphy,geography18)-ic,ics,表示……学……法logic,mechanics,electronics,linguistics19)-ology,表示……学……论”biology,zoology,technology(工艺学)20)-nomy,表示……学……术astronomy,economy,bionomy(生态学)2.形容词后缀(1)带有“属性，倾向，相关”的含义1)-able,-ible,visible,flexible2)名词-ish,foolish,bookish,selfish(注意accomplish,vanish)3)-ive,active,sensitive,productive4)-like,manlike,childlike5)名词-ly,manly,fatherly,scholarly,motherly6)-some,troublesome,handsome7)-ful,beautiful,wonderful,helpful,truthful8)-ous,dangerous,generous,courageous,various9)-ent,violent10)-most,foremost,topmost11)less,表示否定，countless,stainless,wireless3.动词后缀1)-ize,ise,表示做成，变成，……化“modernize,mechanize,democratize,organize2)-en,表示使成为，引起，使有”quicken,weaken,soften,harden3)-fy,表示使……化,使成”beautify,purify,intensify,signify,simplify4)-ish,表示使，令”finish,abolish,diminish,establish5)-ate,表示“成为……，处理，作用”separate,operate,indicate4.副词后缀(形容词)-ly：bad→badly坏地/恶劣地，careful→carefully小心地-wise(OE)：clock→clockwise(a./adv.)顺时针方向的(地);like→likewise同样地-wards：out→outwards向外面地，north→northwards向北方地常见词缀一览表1.名词后缀词缀含义例词-er人或工具cookerteacher-or人doctoractor-ist……者；……家artistnovelist-man人postmanchairman-(i)an人；……国人musicianAsian-eer……者；……家engineermountaineer-ee受……者employeeinterviewee-ese……地方人；……国人ChineseJapanese-mate有……关系人roommateclassmate-ance性质，状况，行动，过程，总量appearanceperformance-encedifferenceindependence-ing动作，职业，东西，器物feelingsightseeing-tioneducationinformation-siondecisiontelevision-ment行为的结果或方式developmentequipment-age活动，身份，状态，费用，集合marriageshortage-dom状态，领域freedomkingdom-ness性质，状态happinessillness-graph文字，书写autographparagraph-hood身份，地位，生活状况childhoodneighborhood-ics学科或某种活动politicsphysics-phone声音的工具telephonemicrophone-ship状态，身份，职务friendshipleadership-ism……主义socialismpessimism-ery性质，行为，习惯discoveryslavery-al动作，过程arrivaldenial-ability能力capabilityavailability-ibility能力possibilityresponsibility2.形容词后缀词缀含义例词-able显示……性质或特点的，可被……的，适于……的comfortablesuitable-ible（同上）terriblehorrible-al属于…的nationalmusical-antimportantpleasant-entdifferentintellight-arynecessaryordinary-tyloyaltysafety-urefailurepleasure-ydifficultydiscovery-ology学科biologyecology-ive有……倾向/性质的activeattractive-ywindydirty-edexcitedinterested-ingexcitinginteresting-ese……地方或国家的ChineseJapanese-ful充满……的，具有……性质的carefulcolorful-ian……地方或国家人的AsianAmerican-ish像或有点……一样的childishselfish-less没有……的carelesshopeless-like像……的childlike-ly具有……性质或特点的某……一次的lovelyyearly-ous具有……性质的famousserious-en用……做成的woolenwooden-some易于……的，会引起……的troublesometiresome-icalclassicaleconomical-icclassiceconomic-freecarefreetax-free-mindedopen-mindedabsent-minded-ological学科的biologicalecological3.动词后缀词缀含义例词-en使变成widenbrighten-ise/ize使成为apologizecriticize-(i)fy使成为purifysimplify4.副词后缀5.表否定意义的前缀词缀含义例词dis-不,相反dislikedisagreeil-不、无、非illegalillogicalim-不、无impossibleimmoral词缀含义例词-ly……地quicklysuddenly-ward(s)朝……方向westwardbackwardin-不、无、非incapableincorrectir-不、无irregularirresistiblenon-不nonsmokernonstopun-不unrealunlockmal-恶、maltreatMalnutritionmis-误、错、misunderstandMisuse6.其他前缀词缀含义例词anti-反对、防anti-waranti-cancercontra-反对contradictcontradictioncounter-反对counter-attackcounter-revolutionmicro-微microscopemicrocomputermini-小minibusminiskirtover-超过overuseoverlookunder-不足、少underpayunderestimatevice-次的，低一级的vice-presidentvice-chairmanex-前任的，ex-presidentex-wifefore-先、预先foretellforeseemid-midnightmidsummerpre-前prewarpreschoolre-再一次restorerebuildex-流放，向外exportfore-先，前foreheadforelegin-/em-/en-/im-在内，进入embody,enroll,intake,import,immigrateinter-在…中间，相互的internationalinteractout-在上面，在外部outdooroutflowover-过分的，过量的，其他overworkoverhearpost-在…之后postscriptpost-warpre-在前prefacepreviewsub-在……之下subwaysub-conscioussuper-在……之上,超级的superpowersupermarkettele-远距离的telephonetelegramtrans-越过、横过transporttransplantunder-在…下面undergroundunderwaterup-向上，在上upwarduphillbi-两、二bilingualbicycleco-共同的cooperateco-existkilo-千kilometerkilogramsemi-半semi-circlesemi-officialmilli-千分之一milligrammillimeteruni-一、单unifyunionmulti-多multinationalmultiformtri-三triangletricycleauto-自己、自动autobiographyautographextra-已外、超过extra-largeextra-thinvice-副、次vice-chairmanvice-premier