名词性从句课件

RelatedConception(相关概念)1.名词:表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。2.名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分?名词在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。TheboyisliMing.主语表语Mr.Liang,a24-year-oldboy,teachesusEnglish.主语同位语宾语在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫名词性从句。什么是名词性从句?名词性从句主语从句(TheSubjectClause)宾语从句(TheObjectClause)表语从句(ThePredicativeClause)同位语从句(TheAppositiveClause)名词性从句主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句主语从句在句中做------宾语从句在句中做------表语从句在句中做------同位语从句在句中-----主语宾语表语同位语1.Thathewillcomeiscertain.2.Iknowthathewillcome.3.ThetruthisthatIhavebeenthere.4.Thefactthatshewaslatesurprisedus.主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句1.为什么叫名词性从句？_______________________整个从句相当于一个名词比较:Themanlookedaround.Thattheboyfailedagainintheexamdisappointedhismother.同样作主语，从句可以表示较复杂的含义,一般是个动作或性质Iknowhim.Iknowthatheiswritinghiscompositioninhisroom2.为什么要有名词性从句？那人看了看四周.(名词作主语)那孩子考试又不及格令他母亲很失望.(从句作主语)我知道他在房间里写作文.从句的特征:是一个句子,有一个引导词,引导词做从句的一个成分(that除外)名词能做的成分,从句都能做从句表达的意思比名词复杂得多请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句WhatIwanttodoistakingabath.Thenewsthattheywonthegamespreadthewholeschool.Idon’tthinkheisanhonestboy.Thefactisthathestolethecar.Doyouknowthefactthathestolethecar?Doyouknowthemanwhoisstandingoverthere?Itissaidthattheywonthegame.(主从)(同位语从句)(宾从)(表从)(同位语从句)(定从)(主从)主语从句thatwhetherwhowhomwhosewhatwhichwhenwherewhyhow从句引导词:1.ThatheknowsJapaneseisknowntoall.他懂英语,这一点大家都知道令我惊讶的是在这儿见到他.3.Whenhewillcomeisunknown.4.Whetherheiscomingdoesn’tmattermuch.他来不来没什么要紧的他什么时候来不清楚.他们是怎么登上山顶的仍是个秘密.5.Itremainsasecrethowtheyclimbedupthemountain.主语从句的位置1.在句首2.主语较长时通常放在后面,句首主语用It主语太长了!放到句尾DetailsDetailsDetailsDetailsThat无词义,不可省略What“什么”,“所….的”2.Whatsurprisedmewastoseehimhere.When“什么时候”主语从句不用if位于句首主语从句主语从句在复合句中做句子的主语。1.ThatmostofthesearenowthreatenedandmaydisappearisaseriousmattertothepeopleinBritain.2.Whyhefailedtheexamwasn’tclear.4.Itisapitythatshecannotcome.3.Whetherhehasfailedtheexamwasn’tclear.2）主语从句的连接词1.连词that(无词义,不作成分,不能省略,只起连接作用);whether(是否),不作成分,不用if.Thathewillcomeandhelpusiscertain.Whetherwewillsucceedisstillaquestion.注意:已确定的事由that引导;没决定的事由whether引导.他星期三来这里是肯定的。ThathewillcomehereonWednesdayiscertain.注意：从句作主语时，就算是句子意思完整，都要加上从属连词that他星期三是否来这里还不肯定的。WhetherhewillcomehereonWednesdayisnotcertain.注意：that引导的主语从句放在句首很少，只是为了强调或谓语较长时才这样3.连接副词when(ever),where(ever),how(ever),why,howlong,howoften,howsoon,howfar,howmany/much等.Whenthetestwillbegivenisnotyetdecided.Howmuchwecanspendmustbeagreedon.2.连接代词what,whatever,who,whoever,which,whichever,whose等.在从句做主语/宾语/表语Whatyousaidisperfectlytrue.(宾语)Whoevercomeswillbewelcome.谁来都欢迎连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。在主语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、状语这些连接词不能省略；注意Whatcausedtheaccidentisacompletemystery.(主)Whatevershesaidwasright.(宾语)Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。Whoevercomestothepartywillreceiveapresent.（主语）Whenhe’llbebackdependsmuchontheweather.WheretheEnglisheveningwillbeheldhasnotyetbeenannounced.(状语)英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。Whyhefailedtheexamwasn’tclear.(状语)Howthebookwillselldependsonitsauthor.(状语)3）注意事项：1.为了使句子结构平衡，避免头重脚轻，主语从句常用“it”作形式主语，把真正的主语放在后面。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：Itisknowntousthathewillcomehere.（1）It+be+形容词+主语从句（2）It+be+名词+主语从句（3）It+不及物动词+主语从句（4）It+及物动词的被动语态+主语从句常用句型如下：It+be+形容词＋主语从句Itisnecessary/importantthat….…..是有必要/重要的Itisobvious/clearthat……很明显……Itiscertain/truethat……是肯定的Itistruethat……是事实Itisstrangethat……很奇怪Itisnaturalthat……是很自然的It+be+名词＋主语从句Itisapity/ashame…真遗憾…Itisasurprise….令人惊奇的是…Itisafact…事实是…Itisanhonor…是我的荣幸Itisawonder………是奇迹It+不及物动词＋that从句Itappears/seemsthat…似乎…/看起来…Ithappensthat….碰巧…Itoccurredtomethat……我突然想起……Itdoesn’tmatterwhetherIt+be+-ed分词＋主语从句Itisbelieved/thoughtthat…人们相信…Itiswellknowntous/allthat….众所周知…Ithasbeendecidedthat……已经决定……Itissaid/reportedthat据听说/据报道Eg:Itisknowntoushowhebecameawriter.我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。It+及物动词（被动语态）+主语从句Itisapitythatwecan’tgo.Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.ItissaidthatMr.GreenhasarrivedinBeijing.Itdependsontheclimatewhethertheyaregoingshoppingtoday.2.在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that…Itissuggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)that…主语从句中的虚拟语气Itissuggested,ordered,proposed,required,demanded,requested,insisted+that(should)doItisimportant,necessary,natural,desirable,strange,advisable,impossible+that(should)doItisapity,ashame,nowonder(难怪)+that(should)dowhat引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语,宾语,表语，而that则不然。例如：1)______yousaidyesterdayisright.2)______sheisstillaliveisagoodthing.Itisrightwhatyousaidyesterday.Itisagoodthingthatsheisstillalive.WhatThat3.what与that在引导主语从句时的区别用it句型翻译:1.据说今年高一学生要学新教材.2.事实是他们靠自己完成了所有的任务.3.碰巧他们已经参加过军训了.4.众所周知,比尔·盖茨是世界上最富有的人.5.我们应该养成好的学习习惯这很重要.ItissaidthattheSeniorGradeonestudentswilllearnanewtextthisyear.Itisafactthattheyfinishedalltheworkbythemselves.Ithappenedthattheyhadhadtheirmilitarytraining.Itiswell-knownthatBillGatesistherichestpersonintheworld.→→→→→Itisimportantthatwe(should)formagoodhabitofstudying.√II.表语从句在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。1.Thatiswhyhedidn’tpasstheexam.2.Thequestioniswherehehasgone.3.Theproblemisthathehasgone.4.Itlooks/seemsasif/thoughitweregoingtorain.表语从句从句同主语从句(11个),外加asif/引导词:asthough,1.Thetruthisthathehasneverbeentothecountryside.2.Thequestioniswhetherwcanfinishth