常用不规则动词表分类汇总

1动词一、五种基本形式：英语中实义动词和系动词有五种基本形式，原形、现在式（用于第三人称单数）、过去式（用于过去时态）、过去分词（用于各种完成时态）和现在分词（用于各种进行时态）。1、第三人称单数构成与名词由单数变复数2、规则动词过去式、过去分词和现在分词的构成方法构成规则例词一般情况下在动词后直接加-s构成eat-eats,read-reads,play-plays等以e结尾的直接加-swrite-writes,come-comes,close-closes等以s,x,z,sh,ch以及字母o结尾的动词，后加-esWatch-watches,go-es,finish-finishes等以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为i再加-esstudy-studies,fly-flies等原形过去式和过去分词现在分词构成规则例词构成规则例词构成规则例词一般情况turn加-edturned加-ingturning以-e结尾的move,love只加-dmoved,loved去掉e再加-ingmoving,loving以辅音字母加y结尾的try,study应将y改为i再加-edtriedstudied直接加-ingtrying,studying以元音字母加y结尾的stay,play直接加-edstayedplayed直接加-ingstaying,playing以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母stop,plan双写末尾的辅音字母再加-edstoppedplanned双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ingstopping,planning以r音节结尾的Prefer,refer双写末尾的r再加-edpreferredreferred双写末尾的r再加-ingpreferring,referring以ie结尾的lie,die加-dlied,died将ie变加-inglying,dying2二、动词时态定义：时态是谓语动词所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。四类：一般时态、进行时态、完成时态和完成进行时态。每一类时态都对应四种时间：过去、现在、将来、过去将来。常用8种时态：一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在进行时，过去进行时，现在完成时，过去完成时和过去将来时。1、一般现在时常见频度副词有：always（总是，一直）,often,usually,never,sometimes等地球围绕着太阳转：Theearthmovesaroundthesun.表客观存在的真理或科学事实。公交车来了：Herecomesthebus.以here,there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。2、一般过去时有确定的时间状语，如：yesterday,twodaysago,last+年/月/星期,theotherday,justnow,intheolddays,thedaybeforeyesterday（前天），thismorning/afternoon,attheageof+过去年龄段，when引导的状语从句（过去），at+过去时间点，in+过去的年份等。3、一般将来时常用时间副词：tomorrow,soon，(today,tonight)时间状语短语：nextyear/week/month,inafewdays,inthefuture等。构成：will/shall+动词原形，begoingto+动词原形，表示打算和预测。特殊情形：beto+动词原形，表示按计划或安排即将要发生的动作；有时也表示命令、禁止或可能性。如：Sheistopracticethepianotomorrow.她明天将练习钢琴。用现在进行时表示按计划或安排将要发生的事。用一般现在时表示按规定或时间表预计要发生的事。beaboutto+动词原形，表示即将要发生的事。4、现在进行时常与look,listen,now连用5、过去进行时thewholemorning,alldayyesterday,fromninetotenlastevening,when,while等标志性词语，主要表示过去某一时刻或表示过去某一阶段正在发生或进行的动作。6、现在完成时：常见时间状语：always,yet,just,ever,before，thesedays,recently,inthepast/few时间段，since+时间点，for+时间段等。构成：have/has+动词的过去分词7、过去完成时8、过去将来时Would+动词原形3常用不规则动词表1.AAA动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义broadcastbroadcastbroadcast~广播.播放.播送burstburstburst~爆炸.突然发作costcostcost~花费cutcutcutcutting割，切hurthurthurt~受伤hithithithitting打，撞letletletletting让putputputputting放下readreadread~读ridrid/riddedrid/riddedridding使摆脱.使去掉setsetsetsetting安排，安置spreadspreadspread~展开，传播，涂spitspit/spatspit/spatspitting吐痰,shutshutshutshutting关上.停止营业2.AAB动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义beatbeatbeaten~打败3.ABA动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义becomebecamebecomebecoming变comecamecomecoming来runranrunrunning跑overcomeovercameovercomeovercoming克服.战胜.征服44.ABB（1）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d,t或ed构成过去式或过去分词。动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义burnburnt/burnedburnt/burned~燃烧dealdealtdealt~解决.处理.分配dreamreamed/dreamtdreamed/dreamt~做梦hearheardheard~听见.听说hanghanged/hunghanged/hung~绞死，悬挂learnlearned/learntlearned/learnt~学习lightlit/lightedlit/lighted~点燃,照亮meanmeantmeant~意思.意味.用意proveprovedproven/provedproving证明,证实,试验shineshone/shinedshone/shinedshining使照耀，使发光showshowedshowed/shown~展示,给...看smellsmelled/smeltsmelled/smelt~闻,嗅speedsped/speededsped/speeded~加速spellspelled/speltspelled/spelt~拼写wakewaked/wokewaked/wokenwaking醒来，叫醒,激发（2）把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”构成过去式或过去分词。动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义buildbuiltbuilt~建筑bendbentbent~弯曲.屈服lendlentlent~借给rebuildrebuiltrebuilt~改建,重建sendsentsent~送spendspentspent~花费5（3）原形→ought→ought动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义bringbroughtbrought~带来buyboughtbought~买fightfoughtfought~打架.战斗thinkthoughtthought~思考,想seeksoughtsought~寻找.追求.搜索（4）原形→aught→aught动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义catchcaughtcaught~捉,抓teachtaughttaught~教.教授（5）变其中一个元音字母动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义awakeawokeawoke/awokedawaking唤醒.唤起digdugdugdigging挖掘.钻研.搜集feedfedfed~喂养.饲养fleefledfled~逃避.逃跑.消失findfoundfound~发现，找到getgotgot/gottengetting得到holdheldheld~拥有.握住leadledled~引导,领导meetmetmet~遇见sitsatsat~坐shootshotshot~射击spitspit/spatspit/spatspitting吐痰,stickstuckstuck~刺入,粘住strikestruck/strickenstruckstriking撞击.冲击.罢工winwonwonwinning赢.获胜6（6）原形→□lt/pt/ft→□lt/pt/ft动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义feelfeltfelt~感到keepkeptkept~保持leaveleftleftleaving离开sleepsleptslept~睡觉sweepsweptswept~扫weepweptwept~哭泣.流泪.哀悼（7）其它动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义laylaidlaid~下蛋,放置paypaidpaid~付款saysaidsaid~说.讲.表示standstoodstood~站understandunderstoodunderstood~明白loselostlostlosing失去havehadhadhaving有.持有.从事makemademademaking制造.安排.构成sellsoldsold~卖telltoldtold~告诉retellretoldretold~重复.复述windwoundwound~缠绕.转动.迂回5.ABC（1）原形→过去式→原形+(e)n动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义blowblewblown~吹风.喘气.叫drivedrovedrivendriving驾驶7drawdrewdrawn~画画.绘制.拖拽eatateeaten~吃fallFellfallen~落下.跌倒forbidforbad/forbadeforbiddenforbidding禁止.不许givegavegivengiving给.提供.授予growgrewgrown~生长.种植forgiveforgotforgivenforgiving原谅,饶恕knowknewknown~知道mistakemistookmistookenmistaking弄错;误解,overeatoverateovereaten~(使)吃过量proveprovedproven/provedproving证明,试验taketooktakentaking拿.获得.接受throwthrewthrown~抛.扔.掷rideroderiddenriding骑.乘车seesawseen~看见.了解、领会sewsewedsewn~缝制.缝合showshowedshowed/shown~展示.出示.说明shakeshookshakenshaking摇动.震动writewrotewrittenwriting写（2）原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义breakbrokebroken~打破.打碎choosechosechosenchoosing选择getgotgot/gottengetting得到hidehidhiddenhiding隐藏forgetforgotforgottenforgetting忘记.忽略freezefrozefrozenfreezing冷冻.结冰speakspokespoken~说话.谈话.演讲stealstolestolen~偷窃.窃取.偷盗（3）变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”（过去式）和“u”（过去分词）[i→a→u]8动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义beginbeganbegunbeginning开始drinkdrank