情态动词练习题

情态动词情态动词有can(could),may(might),must,haveto,shall(should,will(would),dare(dared),need(needed),oughtto等。情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语。1.can,could1)表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。例如：Canyouliftthisheavybox?（体力）Marycanspeakthreelanguages.（知识）Canyouskate?（技能）此时可用beableto代替。Can只有一般现在时和一般过去式；而beableto则有更多的时态。例如：I’llnotbeabletocomethisafternoon.（一般将来时）当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用beableto，不能用Can。如：Hewasabletogotothepartyyesterdayeveninginspiteoftheheavyrain.2)表示请求和允许。例如：-----CanIgonow?---Yes,youcan./No,youcan’t.此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could,might代替，但could,might并不表示过去式，只是语气更委婉。它们不能用于肯定句和答语中。例如：---CouldIcometoseeyoutomorrow?--Yes,youcan.(No,I’mafraidnot.)3)表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力）。例如：They’vechangedthetimetable,sowecangobybusinstead.Thishallcanhold500peopleatleast.4)表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。Canthisbetrue?Thiscan’tbedonebyhim.Howcanthisbetrue?2.may,might1)表示请求和允许。might比may语气更委婉，而不是过去式。否定回答时可用can’t或mustn’t，表示“不可以，禁止”。例如：----Might/MayIsmokeinthisroom?---No,youmustn’t.----May/MightItakethisbookoutoftheroom?---Yes,youcan.(No,youcan’t/mustn’t.)用MayI...？征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用CanI...？在口语中更常见。2）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。例如：Mayyousucceed!3)表示推测、可能性（不用于疑问句）。might不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。例如：Hemay/mightbeverybusynow.Yourmothermay/mightnotknowthetruth.3.must,haveto1)表示必须、必要。例如：Youmustcomeintime.在回答引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustn’t（禁止，不准），而用needn’t,don’thaveto（不必）。例如：--Mustwehandinourexercisebookstoday?---Yes,youmust.---No,youdon’thaveto/youneedn’t.2)must是说话人的主观看法，而haveto则强调客观需要。Must只有一般现在时，haveto有更多的时态形式。例如：Hisplayisn’tinteresting,Ireallymustgonow.IhadtoworkwhenIwasyourage.3)表示推测、可能性（只用于肯定的陈述句）例如：You’reTom’sgoodfriend,soyoumustknowwhathelikesbest.Yourmothermustbewaitingforyounow.4.dare,need1)dare作情态动词用时,常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中,过去式形式为dared。例如：HowdareyousayI’munfair?2)need作情态动词用时,常用于疑问句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must,haveto,oughtto,should代替。例如：Youneedn’tcomesoearly.----NeedIfinishtheworktoday?---Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t.3)dare和need作实义动词用时，有人称、时态和数的变化。在肯定句中，dare后面常接带to的不定式。在疑问句和否定句中，dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。而need后面只能接带to的不定式。例如：Idaretoswimacrossthisriver.Hedoesn’tdare(to)answer.5.shall,should1)shall用于第一人称，征求对方的意见。例如：Whatshallwedothisevening?2)shall用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。Youshallfailifyoudon’tworkhard.(警告)HeshallhavethebookwhenIfinishit.(允诺)Heshallbepunished.(威胁)6.will,would1)表示请求、建议等，would更委婉。例如：Will/Wouldyoupassmetheball,please?2)表示意志、愿望和决心。例如：Iwillneverdothatagain.Theyaskedhimifhewouldgoabroad.3)would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。would表示过去习惯时比usedto正式，且没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。例如：Duringthevacation,hewouldvisitmeeveryotherday.Thewoundwouldnotheal.7.should,oughtto1)should,oughtto表示“应该”，oughtto表示义务或责任，比should语气重。Ishouldhelpherbecausesheisintrouble.Yououghttotakecareofthebaby.2)表示劝告、建议和命令。should,oughtto可通用，但在疑问句中常用should。Youshould/oughttogotoclassrightaway.ShouldIopenthewindow?3)表示推测should,oughtto(客观推测),must(主观推测)。Hemustbehomebynow.(断定他已到家)Heoughtto/shouldbehomebynow.(不太肯定)Thisiswheretheoilmustbe.(直爽)Thisiswheretheoiloughtto/shouldbe.(含蓄)一，选用can,could,may,must,shall,should,will,would,can’t,mustn’t,needn’t或haveto1.Thereisairaroundus,thoughtwe________seeit.2.Yourmotherisgettingbetterandbetter.You_______worryabouther.3.You_______playfootballinthebusystreet.4.“_______itbetrue?.”“Yes.It_______betrueindeed.”5.Tom_______cometothepartytonight,butI’mnotsure.6._______youpleasefetchmesomewaterforme?7.Youngtrees________beplantedinspring.8.“Mustwehandinourexercisebookstoday?”“Yes,you______.”“No,you________.”9.“MayItakethismagazineoutofthereading-room?”“Yes,you_______.”“No,you_______.”10.PleasespeakalittleloudersothatI_______hearyou.二1.Ifyouarenotcarefulinthestreet,acar______hityou.A.canB.mayC.wouldD.must2.–MayIwatchTVnow,mum?-No,you_____.You_____doyourhomeworkfirst.A.don’t;mustB.don’t;can’tC.can’t;mustD.can’t;can3.–Mr.John,wemusthandinourworktoday,______?-No,you______.Butyoumustbringittoschooltomorrow.A.needn’twe;mustn’tB.mustn’twe;needn’tC.mustn’tyou;mustn’tD.needn’twe;needn’t4.Heisn’tintheschool.Ithinkhe______beill.A.canB.shallC.must5.Children______playontheroadorinthestreet.Itisdangerous.A.maynotB.mustn’tC.couldn’tD.needn’t6.Eventhetopstudentsinourclasscan’tworkoutthisproblem,soit_____beverydifficult.A.mayB.mustC.canD.need7.–Canyourideabike?-No,I_____.A.maynotB.can’tC.needn’tD.mustn’t8.–MustIreturnthebookthismorning?-No,you_____.Butyou______returnitbeforesupper.A.needn’t;mustB.mustn’t;canC.mustn’t;mayD.can’t;need9.You____togoandseethedoctorrightnow.A.mustB.shouldC.haveD.will10.Don’tplaywiththeknife.You______hurtyourself.A.mayB.shouldC.havetoD.need三，1.What_____Idoforyou,madam?A.mayB.mustC.canD.will2.You’remadethesamemistakeagain.How_____youbesocareless!A.shallB.mayC.canD.must3.Peter_____comewithusthisafternoon,butheisn’tverysureyet.A.shallB.mayC.canD.must4.Don’tworry!Thenews_____betrue.A.maynotB.mustn’tC.willnotD.needn’t5.Thetraffic_____stopwhenthelightsareredinthestreet.A.can’tB.don’thavetoC.mustn’tD.must6.–Look!It_____bethenewheadmaster.-It_____behim.HewenttoBeijingyesterday.A.can;mustn’tB.can;can’tC.must;can’tD.must;may7.______Iclosethewindow?It’ssocoldhere.A.MustB.WillC.NeedD.Shall8.You___returnthebikenow.Youcankeepittilltomorrowifyoulike.