汽车术语及定义

汽车术语及定义一、车辆类型—GB/T3730.1—881.汽车—motorvehicle.2.货车(载货汽车)—motortruck..3.微型货车—minitruck.4.轻型货车—lighttruck.5.中型货车—mediumtruck.6.重型货车—heavytruck.7.越野汽车—off—roadvehicle.8.轻型越野汽车—lightoff—roadvehicle.9.中型越野汽车—mediumoff—roadvehicle.10.重型越野汽车—heavyoff—roadvehicle.11.超重型越野汽车—extraheavyoff—roadvehicle.12.自卸汽车—dumptruck.13.轻型自卸汽车—lightdumptruck.14.中型自卸汽车—mediumdumptruck.15.重型自卸汽车—heavydumptruck.16.矿用自卸汽车—miningdumptruck.17.牵引汽车—towingvehicle.18.半挂牵引汽车—semi—trailertowingvehicle.19.全挂牵引汽车—full—trailertowingvehicle.20.专用汽车—specialpurposevehicle.21.厢式汽车—van.22.罐式汽车—tanker.23.起重举升汽车—crane/lifttruck.24.专用自卸汽车—specialtipper.25.仓栅式汽车—box/staketruck.26.特种结构汽车—specialconstructionvehicle.27.客车—bus.28.微型客车—mini—bus.29.轻型客车—lightbus.30.中型客车—mediumbus.31.中型城市客车—mediumcitybus.32.中型长途客车—mediumintercitybus.33.中型旅游客车—mediumsightseeingbus.34.中型团体客车—mediumprivatebus.35.大型客车—largebus.36.大型城市客车—largecitybus.37.大型长途客车—largeintercitybus.38.大型旅游客车—largesightseeingbus.39.大型团体客车—largeprivatebus.40.特大型客车—extrabus.41.铰接客车—articulatedbus.42.双层客车—double—deckbus.43.轿车—passengercar.44.微型轿车—minicar.45.普通级轿车—subcompactcar.46.中级轿车—compactcar.47.中高级轿车—intermediatecar.48.高级轿车—limousinecar.49.半挂车—semi—trailer.50.轻型半挂车—lightsemi—trailer.51.中型半挂车—mediumsemi—trailer.52.重型半挂车—heavysemi—trailer.53.超重型半挂车—extraheavysemi—trailer.二、车辆质量—GB/T3730.2—921.底盘干质量—chassisdrymass;2.底盘整备质量—chassiskerbmass;3.底盘与驾驶室干质量—chassisandcabdrymass;4.底盘与驾驶室整备质量—chassisandcabkerbmass;5.整车干质量—completevehicledrymass;6.整车整备质量—completevehiclekerbmass;7.最大总质量—maximumtotalmass;8.厂定最大总质量—maximummanufacturer’stotalmass;9.允许最大总质量—maximumauthorizedtotalmass;10.最大装载质量—maximumladenmass;11.厂定最大装载质量—maximummanufacturer’sladenmass;12.允许最大装载质量—maximumauthorizedladenmass;13.最大轴载质量—maximumaxleladenmass;14.厂定最大轴载质量—maximummanufacturer’saxleladenmass;15.允许最大轴载质量—maximumauthorizedaxleladenmass;16.最大拖挂质量—maximumtowedmass;17.厂定最大拖挂质量—manufacturer’smaximumtowedmass;18.允许最大拖挂质量—authorizedmaximumtowedmass;19.汽车列车最大总质量—maximumtotalmassoftrain;20.汽车列车厂定最大总质量—maximummanufacturer’stotalmassoftrain;21.汽车列车允许最大总质量—maximumauthorizedtotalmassoftrain;22.铰接车最大总质量—maximumofanarticulatedvehicle;三、车辆尺寸—GB/T3730.3—921.车长—vehiclelength;2.汽车长—motorvehiclelength;3.全挂车长—fulltrailerlength;4.半挂车长—semi-trailerlength;5.车宽—vehiclewidth;6.车高(无装载质量)—vehicleheight(unladen);7.轴距—wheelspace;8.汽车及全挂车轴距—motorvehicleorfulltrailerwheelspace;9.半挂车轴距—semi-trailerwheelspace;10.轮距—track;11.前悬—frontoverhang;12.后悬—rearoverhang;13.最小离地间隙—groundclearance;14.纵向通过角—rampangle;15.接近角—approachangle;16.离去角—departureangle;17.车架高度—heightofchassisaboveground:18.驾驶室后车架最大可用长度(带驾驶室的车辆)—maximumusablelengthofchassisbehindcab(vehiclewithcab);19.车身长度—bodyworklength;20.轿车和客车车身长—bodyworklengthofpassengercarandbus;21.带有驾驶室的底盘上的车身长度—bodyworklengthofchassiswithdriver’scab;22.车箱(厢)内部最大尺寸—maximuminternaldimensionsofbody;23.牵引架长—drawgearlength;24.牵引杆长—drawbarlength;25.牵引装置的位置—positionoftowingattachment;26.牵引装置高度—heightoftowingattachment;27.牵引装置前置距—distanceoftowingattachmentinfrontofrearofvehicle;28.牵引座前置距—fifth-wheellead;29.长度计算用牵引座前置距—fifth-wheelleadforcalculationoflength;30.质量分配计算用牵引座前置距—fifth-wheelleadforcalculationofmassdistribution;31.牵引座结合高度—heightofcouplingface;32.牵引装置至车辆前端的距离—distancebetweentowingdeviceandfrontendoftowingvehicle;33.牵引座牵引销孔至车辆前端的距离—distancebetweenfifth-wheelcouplingpinandfrontendoftowingvehicle;34.半挂牵引车后回转半径—rearfittingradiusofsemi-trailertowingvehicle;35.半挂车间隙半径—reartractorclearanceradiusofsemi-trailer;36.半挂车前回转半径—frontfittingradiusofsemi-trailer;37.车轮外倾—camberangle;38.主销内倾—kingpininclination;39.主销偏移距—kingpinoffset;40.前束—toe-in;41.主销后倾距—castor;42.车轮铅垂动行程—verticalclearanceofwheel;43.车轮提升高度—liftofwheel;44.转弯直径—turningcirclediameters;45.转弯通道圆—turningclearancecircles.四、轿车车身术语—JB3653—84(一)、设计术语1.车身—body;bodyassembly.2.车身本体—bodyshell;mainbody.3.车身机构—mechanicalhardwareofbody.4.车身覆盖件—coverpanel;bodyouterpanel.5.车身结构件—structuralmember;bodystructure.6.非承载式车身—bodychassisframeconstruction;separateframeconstruction.7.承载式车身—unitaryconstructionbody;unitbodyconstruction;integralbody;panelstructurebody.8.折背式车身—pontoontype;notchbackbody;three—boxtypebody.9.直背式车身—fastbackbody;two—boxtypebody.10.舱背式车身—hatchbackbody;two—boxtypebody.11.短背式车身—cut—offbackbody;two—boxtypebody.12.客厢—passengercompartment.13.发动机舱—enginecompartment.14.行李箱—trunk;luggagecompartment;luggagehold.15.车身前部—frontbody.16.车身后部—rearbody.17.车身底部—underbody.18.车身侧部—sidebody.19.车身裙部—skirt.20.腰线—waistline;beltline;doorbelt;fascia.21.开缝线—openingline.22.轮口—wheelopening;wheelarch.23.脚部空间—footwell.24.内饰—interiortrimming.25.外饰—exteriortrimming.26.内饰件—upholstery.27.外饰件—exteriortrimmingpart.28.车身附件—bodyaccessories.(二)、结构术语1.板件—pressing;panel.2.骨架件—member.3.支撑件—brace.4.加强件—reinforcement;stiffness.5.固定件—stay.6.角撑件—gusset.7.衬板—patch.8.罩—housing.9.盖—lid.10.支架—support;supporter.11.托架—bracket.12.挡板—guard.13.隔板—retainer.14.护板15.衬垫—pad.16.槽—gutter.17.沟—groove.18.筋—rid.19.装饰条—moulding.(五)、零部件名词1.前翼板—frontfender;frontwing.2.发动机罩前支撑板—frontendpanel;nosepanel.3.发动机罩—enginehoodbonnet.4.发动机罩安全拉钩—hoodsafetycatch;hoodsafetylock;hooda