高三易记单词-构词法

•单词构成•前缀•词根•后缀构词法名师P184构词法：合成(Compounding)派生法（Derivation）转化法（Conversion）workmate,like-minded，break派生法:由一个词根加上前缀或后缀构成另一个词的方法。happy---happily---happinessunhappy---unhappily---unhappiness一、前缀，1.否定happy---unhappyappear---disappearpossible---impossiblesmoker---non-smokertake---mistakeMatchAandB.BlikeappearpoliteleadnecessaryadvantagestopbelieveunderstandAundisimnon-misunlike不像;dislike不喜欢disappear消失impolite没有礼貌的mislead误导unnecessary不必要的disadvantage缺点non-stop不停地disbelieve不相信misunderstand误解常用于形容词动词b/p/m开头的形容词名词/动词动词Checkourselves•Theboysaidnothingbutquietlywalkedaway,____________(appear)inthedark.disappearing2.表示空间位置，方向关系的前缀1)a-表示“在……之上”，“向……”aboard,aside,2)inter-,intel-,表示“在……间，相互”international,interaction,internet3）mid-,表示“中，中间”midday,midnight,mid-autumn5)out-,表示“在上面，在外部，向外”outline,outside,outward,outgoing6)over-,表示“在上面，在外部，超过”overhead,overboard7)extra-,表示“额外”extraordinary8)fore-表示“在前面”forehead,foreground9)in-,表示“向内，在内，背于”inland,,inside,2.表示空间位置，方向关系的前缀10)under-,表示“在…..下面，下的”underline,underground,underwater11)up-,表示“向上，向上面，在上”upward,uphold,uphill(上坡)1．re--“又\,再”repeat,review,return,reunite,remarry2.co—“联合，伴同”cooperate,coexist,co-worker3.super—“在…上；加之”superman,supermarket3.表示其他意义的前缀:名词的常见后缀-tion-ness-ment-er-or-ist-antdestinationsadnesssettlementwriteractorartistservant常在形容词后2.后缀:(改变词性）关于人的词缀：-er,（人，动作执行者）-ese（人，语言）-ian（人）-ist（人，大家）-or（人，动作者）tion（行为，状态）-ness(性质）singer,fighter,teacherChinese,Japanesemusician,Russian,artist,pianist,scientist,conductor,visitor,professorinvention，liberation，operationbusiness，illness，darkness形容词：-al-ful（充满…的）-less-y动词：-ize副词：-ly形容词：physical,national,political,useful,careful,helpfulfearless,useless,carelesscloudy,sunny,dirtyapologizeorganizebadly，angrily，truly无副词要去e的：true,gentle,simple-ly-ize-able-ment-er-or-ist-ian-tion-ness-ful-sive-tive-ed-ing-ful-en-n.v.adj.adv.合成：把两个或更多的词合成一个词。合成的词构成大致有以下几种情况。1.合成名词：2.合成动词：3.合成形容词birthdayroommatefootballblackboardunderstandsafe-guardwhite-washsnow-whitehand-madedark-bluetasten.味道v.尝起来Ithasagoodtaste.Ittastesverygood.bookn.书籍v.记载recordn.记录v.记录Thisbookisverygood.Heisbookingthehistory.Hebroketherecord.Herecordedsomethingwhilereadingabook.cleanadj.干净v.清扫Pleasekeeptidyandclean.Youhavetocleantheblackboardafterclass.n.书籍v.记载n.书籍v.记载bookn.书籍v.记载n.记录v.记录n.记录v.记录recordn.记录v.记录Ithasagoodtaste.Ittastesverygood.bookv.记载recordn.记录v.记录Thisbookisverygood.Heisbookingthehistory.Hebroketherecord.Herecordedsomethingwhilereadingabook.cleanadj.干净v.清扫Pleasekeeptidyandclean.Youhavetocleantheblackboardafterclass.v.记载bookn.书籍v.记载n.记录v.记录n.记录v.记录recordn.记录v.记录n.记录转化活用法——适用于双性词tasten.味道v.尝起来Ithasagoodtaste.Ittastesverygood.bookn.书籍v.记载recordn.记录v.记录Thisbookisverygood.Heisbookingthehistory.Hebroketherecord.Herecordedsomethingwhilereadingabook.cleanadj.干净v.清扫Pleasekeeptidyandclean.Youhavetocleantheblackboardafterclass.n.书籍v.记载n.书籍v.记载bookn.书籍v.记载n.记录v.记录n.记录v.记录recordn.记录v.记录Ithasagoodtaste.Ittastesverygood.bookv.记载recordn.记录v.记录Thisbookisverygood.Heisbookingthehistory.Hebroketherecord.Herecordedsomethingwhilereadingabook.cleanadj.干净v.清扫Pleasekeeptidyandclean.Youhavetocleantheblackboardafterclass.v.记载n.记录v.记录n.记录v.记录recordn.记录v.记录n.记录Ithasagoodtaste.Ittastesverygood.Thisbookisverygood.Ithasagoodtaste.Ittastesverygood.Heisbookingthehistory.Thisbookisverygood.Ithasagoodtaste.Ittastesverygood.Hebroketherecord.Herecordedsomethingwhilereadingabook.Heisbookingthehistory.Thisbookisverygood.Ithasagoodtaste.Ittastesverygood.Pleasekeeptidyandclean.Hebroketherecord.Herecordedsomethingwhilereadingabook.Heisbookingthehistory.Thisbookisverygood.Ithasagoodtaste.Ittastesverygood.Youhavetocleantheblackboardafterclass.Pleasekeeptidyandclean.Hebroketherecord.Herecordedsomethingwhilereadingabook.Heisbookingthehistory.Thisbookisverygood.Ithasagoodtaste.Ittastesverygood.Practice(II):rain(形容词)________agree(反义)__________nation(形容词)_______farm(人)__________recent(副词)________friend(形容词)________hope(形容词)_______back(形容词)_________visit(名词)__________home(形容词)________eight(序数词)________true(名词)___________America(形容词)_______China(形容词)________按括号内的要求改写下列单词rainynationalrecentlyhopefulvisitoreighthAmericandisagreefarmerfriendlybackwardshomelesstruthChineseWiththe(1)____________(develop)ofindustry,airpollutionisgettingmore(2)________moreserious.InBeijing,manypeoplesufferdifferentkindsof(3)_________（ill）becauseofairpollution.Airpollutioniscaused(4)_____thefollowingreasons:abouthalfoftheproblemiscausedbyvehicles.Therearemoreandmorecars,busesontheroads,andtheygiveout(5)________(poison）gases.25%ofairpollutioniscausedbyfactories.Another(6)________(fact)isthe________(smoke).Smokingnotonlydoes(7)______（harmful）totheirhealth(8)_______alsotoothers.Besidesthese,about10%ofair(9)________(polute)iscausedbyotherreasons.developmentandillnessesbypoisonousfactorharmbutpollutionsmokersHomework:名师P188Good-bye!!