中职英语第三册unit-3-resources-and-environment

Lesson1Naturalresources•Anaturalresourceisanythingpeoplecanusewhichcomesfromnature.Peopledonotmakenaturalresources,butgatherthemfromtheearth.Examplesofnaturalresourcesareair,water,wood,crudeoil,solarenergy,windenergy,hydro-electricenergy.•自然资源（naturalresources）:凡是自然物质经过人类的发现，被输入生产过程，或直接进入消耗过程，变成有用途的，或能给人以舒适感，从而产生有价值的东西。•自然界存在的有用自然物。人类可以利用的、自然生成的物质与能量，是人类生存的物质基础。主要包括气候、生物、水、土地和矿产等5大资源。WhatisNaturalResources?•Itcanbedividedintotwokinds,oneisrenewable,whiletheotheroneisnon-renewable.•Arenewableresourcegrowsagainorcomesbackagainafterweuseit.Forexample,sunlight,water,andtreesarerenewableresources.•Anon-renewableresourceisaresourcethatdoesnotgroworcomeback,oraresourcethatwouldtakeaverylongtimetocomeback.Forexample,oil,coal,naturalgasandallothermineralresources.NaturalResourcesRenewableresourcesNonrenewableresources•freshwater•forest•land•mines•fossilfuels(coal,oilandnaturalgas)Importantnaturalresourcesonland,therearefiveandtheyare:Newwordspopulation：[,pɔpju’leiʃən]人口1.population常与定冠词the连用,作主语用时,谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。例如:Theworld'spopulationisincreasingfasterandfaster.全世界的人口增长得越来越快2.当主语是表示“人口的百分之几、几分之几”时,谓语动词用复数形式。例如:AboutseventypercentofthepopulationinChinaarefarmers.中国大约有百分之七十的人口是农民。3.表示人口的\“多\”或\“少\”,不用\“much\”或\“little\”,而要用“large”或“small”。例如:Indiahasalargepopulation.印度人口众多。Singaporehasasmallpopulation.新加坡人口少。4.询问某国、某地有多少人口时,不用\“Howmuch...?\”,而用“Howlarge...?”;在问具体人口时用What...?。例如:你们家乡有多少人口?-Howlargeisthepopulationofyourhometown?Whatisthepopulationofyourhometown?save：[seiv]节省,节约Tosaveistoget.节约就是赚钱。savenature保护大自然savemoney存钱saveone’slife救命Lesson2NaturaldisastersearthquakeswindstormsdroughtTsunamifloodmud-rockflowsSandstormVolcanoDefinitionNaturaldisasteristheconsequenceofanaturalhazard,suchasfloods,droughts,mud-rockflows,tsunami,earthquakes,windstormsandthestretchingofnewdesertswhichaffectshumanactivities.自然灾害是影响人类活动自然风险，例如洪水，干旱、泥石流、海啸、地震，风暴和沙尘暴。Reasons（Whynaturaldisastersoccur？）Therearetworeasons:①Naturalcauses(自然原因)Takeearthquake(地震)androckandmudslidesforexample（泥石流）Theearthquakeismainlyduetotheearth‘smovementchange(地壳的运动变化)Therockandmudslideschieflybecauseofsuccessivetorrentialrains(连续的强降雨)，Inaddition,thestabilityofthegeologicalstructure（地质结构的稳定性）isalsoveryimportant②causesofhumans’errors(人为原因)1.Theatmospherechangedartificially,surfacetemperaturechangescausedthechangesincoretemperature;2.Outerspaceisdisturbedbyallkindsofaircraftelectromagnetic,affectingtheearth'smagneticfieldandsolarmagneticfieldrelations;3.Groundwaterandoil,gas,coal,andotherswasalotfromthegroundquickly,causethedeformed；4.Thesurfacestructure,highpressurecausedthechanges.1、大气层人为地改变，地表温度变化引起地核温度变化；2、外层空间被各种飞行器的电磁严重干扰，影响了地球磁场以及与太阳系磁场关系的变化；3、地下水、石油、天然气、煤炭、以及其它矿藏被从地下大量地快速地开采出来，引起地壳变形；4、地表建筑高耸入云，引起地表压力变化。Disadvantageandadvantage1.摧毁房屋，使人民居无定所。Destroythehouse,sonofixedabode.2.影响交通，电力，水利设施。Affectedtraffic,theelectricityandwaterconservancyfacilities.3.影响收成，给人民生活带来不便。Affectedcrop,andaninconveniencetothepeople'slivelihood.4.造成巨大经济损失，对国家和人民均不利。Enormouseconomiclosstothecountryandpeopleareadverse.Advantage：Makepeopleunderstandtheimportanceofharmonywithnature，thendotheirbesttoprotecttheenvironment.Newwordsearthquake['ə:θkweik]n.地震e.g.:1.Didyouexperienceanearthquake?你经历过地震吗？2.Aterrificearthquakeshookjapan.可怕的地震震撼了日本3.AstrongearthquaketookplaceinSichuan.四川发生了一场强烈地震。danger['deindʒə]n.危险1.表示做某事的危险或发生某情况的危险等，通常后接of∕in(doing)sthThechildrendidn’trealizethedangerofswimmingintheriver.孩子们没有意识到在这河里游泳的危险Isthereanydangerinclimbingthetree?爬这树有危险吗?2.indanger(of)，意为“在危险中Hislifeisindanger.他有生命危险。Heisindangeroflosinghislife.他有生命危险Grammar表示：1)经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。e.g.Igotoschoolonfoot.2)表示主语的特征、性格、能力、爱好等。e.g.Hecanswim.Iworkhard.IlikewatchingTV.3)表示客观真理e.g.Therearesevendaysinaweek.Themoonmovesroundtheearth.其结构按正常语序，即“主语+谓语+其它”一般现在时其句式变化可分为两种情况1)表示动作，一般人称作主语的，变否定句须在动词前加助动词don’t；变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词do。E.g.Theyhavelunchat12:00.Theydon’thavelunchat12:00.Dotheyhavelunchat12:00?2）单三人称做主语的，变否定句须在动词前加助动词doesn’t；变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词does。E.g.JennyspeaksEnglishverywell.Jennydoesn’tspeakEnglishverywell.DoesJennyspeakEnglishverywell?含有be动词的要在be上做变化.E.g.Dannyisagoodstudent.Dannyisn’tagoodstudent.IsDannyagoodstudent?其时间状语为often、usually、always、sometimes等频率副词，onSaturdays、inthemorning(afternoonevening)、everyday等。1Jenny____inanoffice.Herparents____inahospital.Awork;worksBworks;workCwork;areworkingDisworking;work2Oneoftheboys_____ablackhat.AhaveBthereisCthereareDhas3Wewillgoshoppingifit____tomorrow.Adon'trainBdidn'trainCdoesn'trainDisn'train4Hesaidthesun____intheeastand____inthewest.Arose;setBrises;setsCrises,setDrise;sets5WangMei____musicandoften____tomusic.Alike;listenBlikes;listensClike;arelisteningDliking;listenBDcBB一.用法：表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。二、构成：肯定句：主语+动词的过去式…否定句：主语+didn’t+动原…一般问句：Did+主语+动原…一般过去时Grammar三.与什么时间连用1.yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,yesterdaymorning,yesterdayafternoon,yesterdayevening,2.lastweek,lastyear,lastMonday,lastnight,lastsummer,lastJanuary3.twodaysago,threemonthsago,amomentago,justnow规则动词过去式的构成1、一般情况下，加-ed。ask--askedhelp--helpedwatch--watched2、结尾是“e”的词，加-d。dance--dancedlove--loved