CATTI三级笔译实务全部试题真题及答案汇总

12017年5月全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语三级《笔译实务》试卷Section1:English-ChineseTranslation(50points)TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.Improvedhumanwell-beingisthegreatesttriumphofmodernera.Theageofplentyhasalsoledtoanunexpectedglobalhealthcrisis:twobillionpeopleareeitheroverweightorobese.Developedcountrieshavebeenespeciallysusceptibletounhealthyweightgain.However,developingcountriesarenowfacingasimilarcrisis.Obesityrateshavepeakedinhighincomecountriesbutareacceleratingelsewhere.ThecombinedfindingsoftheWorldHealthOrganisationandtheWorldBankshowedthatin2016Asiawashometohalftheworld’soverweightchildren.OnequarterwereinAfrica.Thiscrisiswilltestthepoliticalresolveofgovernmentsthathavefocusedonendinghunger.Thesegovernmentsmustunderstandthatthefactorsmakingcitiesconvenientandproductivealsomaketheirresidentspronetoobesity.Urbanitesenjoyavarietyofculinaryoptions.Internationalfastfoodchainsareflourishingindevelopingcountries.Thehealthrisksofsuchdietsarecompoundedbythesedentarylifestylesofurbandwellers.People’sleisuretimeisalsobeingoccupiedbytelevision,moviesandvideogamesinthegrowingnumberofhouseholds.Thealarmingimplicationofthesetrendsisthatdevelopingcountriesmaybecomesickbeforetheygetrich.Thatsicknessmay,inturn,cripplehealthsystems.TheyearlyhealthcarecostsinSoutheastAsiaofobesity-relatedcomplicationslikediabetesandcardiovasculardiseasearealreadyashighasUS$10billion.Suchdiseasesareanaddedburdenoncountriesalreadystrugglingtomanageprimaryhealthcareneeds.Policiesrelatedtotaxation,urbandesign,educationandthepromotionoffoodsystemsmayhelpcontrolobesityatalowercostthaneventualmedicaltreatmentforanincreasinglyoverweightpopulation.Somegovernmentshavealreadyexperimentedwithdirectinterventionstocontrolobesity,suchastaxationonunhealthyfoodsanddrinks.Thailand,Brunei,andSingaporehaveadoptedsodatax.SouthAfricaislikelytointroduceasugartaxbeginninginApril2018.ThecityofBerkeleyinCaliforniarecognisesthattaxesalonearenotenoughtoaddressobesity.Proceedsfromthecity’ssugartaxareusedtosupportchildnutritionandcommunityhealthprogrammes.Thisunderscorestheimportanceofeducation.Thereisalsopromiseinmanyinitiatives.Urbandesignholdssignificantpowertoreshapelifestylepatternsandpublichealth.Improvingtheattractivenessofpublicspacecandrawresidentsoutoftheircarsandlivingrooms.ArecentstudyofurbanneighbourhoodsinShanghaiandHangzhoufoundthatresidentslivinginwalkableneighbourhoodsarehealthierthanresidentslivinginlesswalkableneighourhoodsinurbanChina.Finally,healthierlifestylesbeginingrocerystoreaisles.Governmentsshouldencouragetighterconnectionsbetweenagriculturalproductionsystems,urbangrocersandfoodvendors.Suchinitiativescanalsohelpurbanresidentsbetterunderstandthemechanicsoffoodsourcing.Thisraisesawarenessabouttherelationshipbetweennaturalfoodsandhealthylifestyles.Combiningcontrolsonunhealthyfoodswithpoliciesthatincentivisehealthyeatingandactivelifestylesisimportantfordevelopingcountriesfrombothaneconomicandsocialpointofview.ToquotetherecentGlobalNutritionReport,“Reducingobesitywillboostglobaldevelopment.”2Section2:Chinese-EnglishTranslation(50points)TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.煤炭是地球上储量最丰富的能源，但目前反对使用煤炭的声浪日益高涨。煤炭巨大的碳排放量引起气候变化，从而引起公众的担忧，煤炭与其他能源相比竞争力下降。以美国为例，页岩油气的出现造成部分煤炭因价格过高而被排挤出市场。美国去年煤炭需求接近9.2亿吨，由于天然气价格下跌，今年煤炭需求将减少6000万吨到8000万吨。数据显示，煤炭满足了全球约30%的能源需求，供应了40%的电力。在人口第一和第二大国的中国和印度，煤炭所满足的能源需求比例高达70%左右。中国的煤炭消费量在去年已经下降，煤炭进口下滑了11%，这是10年来的首次下降。中国的经济增速已经放缓，同时也做出极大努力减少煤炭的使用以减少污染。由于燃煤发电厂没有满负荷运行，再加上煤炭供应充足，造成国际煤炭价格被压低。煤出口价格从去年的峰值下跌了约60%。32016年11月全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语三级《笔译实务》试卷Section1:English-ChineseTranslation(50points)TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.HarperLeewasanordinarywomanasstunnedasanybodybytheextraordinarysuccessof“ToKillaMockingbird.”“Itwaslikebeinghitovertheheadandknockedcold,”Lee—whodiedFridayatage89，saidduringa1964interview.“Ididn’texpectthebooktosellinthefirstplace.IwashopingforaquickandmercifuldeathatthehandsofreviewersbutatthesametimeIsortofhopedthatmaybesomeonewouldlikeitenoughtogivemeencouragement.”“ToKillaMockingbird”maynotbetheGreatAmericanNovel.Butit’slikelythemostuniversallyknownworkoffictionbyanAmericanauthoroverthepast70years,Leewascitedforhersubtle,gracefulstyleandgiftforexplainingtheworldthroughachild’seye,butthesecrettothenovel’songoingappealwasalsoinhowmanybooksthissinglebookcontained.“ToKillaMockingbird”wasacoming-of-agestory,acourtroomthriller,aSouthernnovel,aperiodpiece,adramaaboutclass,and—ofcourse—adramaofrace.”AllIwanttobeistheJaneAustenofSouthAlabama,”sheonceobserved.ThestoryofLeeisessentiallythestoryofherbook,andhowsherespondedtoit.Shewasawarm,vibrantandwittywomanwhoplayedgolf,fished,ateatMcDonald’s,fedducksbytossingseedcornoutofaCoolWhiptub,readvoraciously,andgotabouttoplaysandconcerts.Shejustdidn’twanttotalkaboutitbeforeanaudience.“ToKillaMockingbird”wasaninstantandongoinghit,publishedin1960,asthecivilrightsmovementwasaccelerating.It’sthestoryofagirlnicknamedScoutgrowingupinaDepression-eraSoutherntown.Ablackmanhasbeenwronglyaccusedofrapingawhitewoman,andScout’sfather,theresolutelawyer,defendshimdespitethreatsandthescornofmany.Praised