Lecture-2-The-Renaissance-Period英美文学课件

Lecture2TheRenaissancePeriodLecture2TheRenaissancePeriodHistoricalBackground1.RenaissanceinEurope:14th--mid-17thSlowinreachingEngland,Why?a.separationfromthecontinentb.domesticunrest:1st,WarsoftheRoses:1455-1485(aristocrats)2nd,HundredYearsWar:14th-15th(Bri-Fran)Theoldaristocracywaswipedout.Lecture2TheRenaissancePeriodKingHenryVIIIoftheTudorHouse(1509-1547)RomanCatholicChurchChurchofEnglandReligiousReformationLecture2TheRenaissancePeriodQueenElizabeth(Tudor)(1558--1603)“Balance”therisingmiddleclass------feudallordsProtestants------Catholics1588EnglishnavySpanishnavyLecture2TheRenaissancePeriodTheword“Renaissance”meansrevivalorrebirth,andinthisparticularcontext,itmeanstherevivalofartsandsciencesofancientGreeceandRomeafterlongyearsofneglectinthemedievaltime.“Renaissance,therefore,inessence,isahistoricalperiod….RomanCatholicChurch.”HumanismistheessenceoftheRenaissance.Lecture2TheRenaissancePeriodHumanism:HumanismisboththekeynoteoftheRenaissanceandtheintellectualliberationmovement.Thehumaniststookinterestinhumanlifeandhumanactivitiesandgaveexpressiontothenewfeelingofadmirationforhumanbeauty,humanachievement.Lecture2TheRenaissancePeriodChiefAchievements1.Poetry:prosperous“anestofsingingbirds”sonnet2.Drama:Marlowe,BenJonson,ShakespeareblankverseLondon---centreofdramaperformanceLecture2TheRenaissancePeriodLecture2TheRenaissancePeriodEdmundSpenser(1552--1599)Lecture2TheRenaissancePeriodTheFaerieQueeneincompleteEnglishepicpoemLecture2TheRenaissancePeriodThismasterpieceisdedicatedtoQueenElizabeth.Spenserplans12books,eachonewithaherostandingforadifferentmoralvirtue.Largelysymbolic,thepoemfollowsseveralknightsintheiradventurestotesttheirvirtues:Holiness,Friendship,Justice,Courtesy,etc.ThetwomaincharactersthatservesastheunityofthebookareArthur&Gloriana.Lecture2TheRenaissancePeriodCommentsonhim:Spenserwasthegreatestnon-dramaticpoetoftheElizabethanAge.Spenserhasbeencalledthe“poets’poet”,becauseofhisidealism,hisloveofbeauty,andhisexquisitemelody.Spenserhasexertedgreatinfluenceonlaterpoets.Lecture2TheRenaissancePeriodChristopherMarlowe(1564--1593)Lecture2TheRenaissancePeriodMarlowe’sEducationshoemaker’sfamilyinCanterburyeducationKing’sSchoolLatinactinclassicalplaysCambridgeM.A.in1587Lecture2TheRenaissancePeriodRepresentativeworks:•TamburlainetheGreat(1587-1588)•TheTragicalHistoryofDoctorFaustus(1589)•TheJewofMalta(1590)•“Thepassionateshepherdtohislove”Lecture2TheRenaissancePeriodAchievements:Marlowe’sgreatestachievementliesinthatheperfectedtheblankverseandmadeittheprincipalmediumofEnglishdrama.HissecondachievementishiscreationoftheRenaissanceheroforEnglishdrama.HisworkpavedthewayfortheplaysofthegreatestEnglishdramatist---Shakespeare.Lecture2TheRenaissancePeriodBlankversereferstoversewritteninunrhymediambicpentameter.ItisaverypopularverseforminEnglishpoetry.ItwasextensivelyemployedinEnglishpoetryoftheRenaissance.Lecture2TheRenaissancePeriodTheTragicalHistoryofDoctorFaustusAdaptedfromapopularoldGermanlegendTiredwiththestudyofMedievalknowledge(Theology,Philosophy,Medicine,Law),Dr.FaustusturnstomagicbookandsignsacontractwiththedevilMephistopheles.Hesellshissoultothedevilontheconditionthatthelatterwillsatisfyeverydemandofhisforaperiodof24years.Lecture2TheRenaissancePeriodThenaseriesofadventuresandromancesfollowthesigningofthecontract.Firsthisromancewithawoman,thenhisvisittoAlexandertheGreatandlateravisitfromHelenofTroy.TheplayendswithFaustus’forcedsurrenderofhissoultothedevil.Lecture2TheRenaissancePeriodWasthisthefacethatlaunch'dathousandships,AndburntthetoplesstowersofIlium--SweetHelen,makemeimmortalwithakiss.--Herlipssuckforthmysoul:see,whereitflies!--Come,Helen,come,givememysoulagain.HerewillIdwell,forheavenisintheselips,AndallisdrossthatisnotHelena.Lecture2TheRenaissancePeriodBorn:23April1564Birthplace:Stratford-upon-Avon,EnglandDied:23April1616BestKnownAs:Playwright,poet,actorLecture2TheRenaissancePeriodLecture2TheRenaissancePeriodGenerally,hisdramaticcareerisdividedintofourperiods.1)Apprenticeship:HistoryplaysComedies2)Individualized:HistoryplaysComediesTragediesLecture2TheRenaissancePeriod3)GreattragediesFourtragediesDarkcomedies4)RomantictragicomediesLecture2TheRenaissancePeriod2longnarrativepoems154sonnetsLecture2TheRenaissancePeriodsonnetalyricpoemcomprising14rhyminglinesofequallength,iambicpentametersinEnglishTheEnglish/Shakespeareansonnetcomprisesthreequatrainsandacouplet,rhymingababcdcdefefgg.Lecture2TheRenaissancePeriodArchaicwordsthou:you(subject)thee:you(object)thy:yourart:arehath:hasLecture2TheRenaissancePeriodSonnet18我能否将你比作夏天？你比夏天更美丽温婉。狂风将五月的蓓蕾凋残，夏日的勾留何其短暂。休恋那丽日当空，转眼会云雾迷蒙。休叹那芳艳飘零，催折于无常的天命。唯有你永恒的夏日常新，你的美貌亦毫发无损。死神也无缘将你幽禁，你在我永恒的诗中长存。只要人类在呼吸，眼睛看得见，这诗就将不朽，使你的生命绵延。Lecture2TheRenaissancePeriodShallIcompareyoutomylove?Youaremoreadorableandmorebrave;Eversincethefirstdaywe’vemet,Ifellforyouatfirstsight;Seeingyou,thinkingaboutyou,missingyou,Eternityismypromiseforyou;Tworoadsdivergedinourjourney,AndsorryIcouldnotbethereforthee;Ifit’sourfatetobestudentandteacher,Youwillfindmebyyoursideforever;It’shard,it’sdeep,it’sdark,But