基于竞赛理论的垄断价格规制研究

华中科技大学硕士学位论文基于竞赛理论的垄断价格规制研究姓名：李艳申请学位级别：硕士专业：系统工程指导教师：肖人彬20080605IIIAbstractDuringthetransformationfromplannedeconomytomarketeconomy,thereexistsmonopolyprobleminmarket-orientedreformswhichhavemadetremendousachievementsinindustriessuchastelecommunication,electricpowermarket,etal.Theefficiencyandwelfarelossofmonopolyisextremelyconcernedbymanyeconomists.Unfortunately,regulationtheoryseekingforanoptimalpolicytocorrectthedistortionofmonopolyignorestheinteractionamonginterestgroupsandgovernment.Therefore,itissignificanttoconsummatetheregulationtheoryandsupervisetheregulationpracticebystudyingtheinteractionbehavioranditsrolestowardregulationpolicyinpriceregulationpolicy.Theanalysisofthegovernmentconstitutingtheoptimalpriceregulationpolicycanhelpustounderstandthemeaningofregulatingmonopoly.Thethesisconstructsacontestmodelofmonopolypriceregulationapplyingcontesttheory,andstudiesthevyingbehaviorinpriceregulation.Itexploresthecontestequilibriumandpresentstheeffectofregulationpricinguponinterestgroups’equilibriumeffortsandpossibilityofwinningtheprize.Atfirst,thethesissummarizesthecontesttheorysuchasitsobjectsandelements,generalbenchmarkmodelandcontestsuccessfunctionidentity.Thenitexploresthecriterionequilibriumanalysisofgeneralbenchmarkcontestmodel.Afterward,itcommentsmonopolypricingincludingtheefficiencyandwelfarelosesofmonopoly,andshowstheeffectofregulationpricingonmonopolybehavior.Byconstructingmonopolypriceregulationcontestmodel,thethesisstudiesthecontestbehavioranditsequilibrium,andidentifiestheeffectofregulationpricingtowardtheequilibriumeffortsandoptimalpossibilityofwinningtheprize.Italsoconsiderstheoptimalregulationpricewhenthesocietyachieveslongtermequilibrium.Anexampleofmonopolypriceregulationcontestwithlineardemandfunctioncontainingnumeralanalysisisshown,whichanalyzestheIIIroleofregulationpricingtomonopolyfromtheperspectiveofefficiencyandsocialwelfare.Attheendofthethesis,itraisesissueswhichshouldbefurtherstudied.KeywordsContestTheoryMonopolyPriceRegulationEquilibriumContestSuccessFunction111.1[1~3][4][5~7][8][9~11]21.21.2.1(ContestTheory)(Contest)(Constant)(Prize)(Rent)()Tullock(ContestModel)R&D[12]1.2.2Tullock[12~13]1)Nit[14]NitTullockLogit(1)3()Baik[15]SteinN()N()[16]EpteinNitzan[17](2)TullockHirshleiferNtiSkaperdasMaluegYatesTullockHirshleifer(ContestSuccessFunction)[12,18]Skaperdas(Probabilities)(Monotonicity)(Anonymity)(IndependenceofIrrelevantAlternatives)(Homogeneity)Tullock[19]MaluegYatesDixitLogitNash[20~21](3)MoldovanuSela[22]4()GlazerHassin[23](4)Gradstein——(S-contest)(T-contest)[24]Amegashie[25]SteinRapoportBetween-Group1Simi-Finals2Nash[26](5)Baik[15]HurlyShogren[27]HurlyShogrenCournot-Nash[28]1Between-Group()()2Simi-Finals52)()()(1)Epstein[29](2)Greadstein(S-Contest)(T-Contest)[24]Amegashie[25]Runkel(Closeness)[30]Dixit[21]6Dixit()Nash(Favorite)BayeShinDixitNashNash[21,31](3)Dasgupta[32](Logit)LogitDasguptaLogitSkaperdas(HomogenousLinearContestSuccessFunction)[19](4)MoldovanuSela[22]3)7Epstein(2002)[33]Epstein(InefficientPolicy)EpsteinEpsteinEpstein[34](Tullock)EpsteinEpstein[35]Epstein()[29]Epstein8MelandStraume[36]BenjaafarElahi[37]1.312345922.12.1.1R&D2.1.21)()(ContestDesignerorPolitician)(Bureaucracy)(Nature)2N≥(10)()()2)iix0ixi0ix=i()()()3)()ixϕix1(,...,)Nxxx=()ixϕ()1iiNxϕ∈=∑()[0,1]ixϕ∈Tullock(TullockLinearContestSuccessFunction)(PowerContestSuccessFunction)Logit(LogitExponentialContestSuccessFunction)[12,18]4)(Prize)(Rent)R&D()iVii()11()——(Stake)()ini5)iiπ()()()6)()7)()()()2.1.3Tullock19671980[9](BenchmarkContestModel)N1)iiV2)i(1,...,)iN=ix(1,...,)iN=123)1(,...,)Nxx11()(,...,)()iiiNNjjjfxxxfxϕ==∑1,...,iN=(2.1)()iifxi()0iifx′()0iifx′′(0)0if=4)i(1,...,)iN=11(,...,)(,...,)iNiNiixxxxVxπϕ=−1,...,iN=(2.2)1111argmax(,...,)(,...,)()..(,...,),1,...,()0iiNiNiiiiiNNjjjixxxxxVxfxstxxiNfxxπϕϕ=∈=−==≥∑1,21,(())()10,1,...,(()())NjjiiijjiiNiiijjjjifxVfxiNxfxfxπ=≠=≠′∂=−==∂+∑∑(2.3)221,1,2231,1,(())()2(())(())0,1,...,(()())(()())NNjjiiijjiiijjijjiiNNiiijjiijjjjijjifxVfxfxVfxiNxfxfxfxfxπ=≠=≠=≠=≠′′′∂=−=∂++∑∑∑∑(2.4)()iifx(2.3)132.1.4(2.1)1)(Probabilities)11(,...)1niNixxϕ==∑1(,...)0inxxϕ∀≥0ix1(,...,)0iNxxϕ2)(Monotonicity)1(,...,)0iNixxxϕ∂∂1(,...,)0iNjxxxϕ∂∂,1,...,,ijNji=≠3)(IndependenceofIrrelevantAlternatives)MN⊂1()(,...,)(),()MMMiiMiNiiMMjjMjMxxxxiMxϕϕϕϕ∈∈∈∈==∀∈∑()()iiifxfx=1,...,iN=TullockLogitTullock11(,...),1,...,iiNNjjxxxiNxϕ===∑(2.5)1411(,...)miinnmjjxxxxϕ==∑(2.6)m(MassEffectParameter)1m=Tullock1m1m≠Tullock(Homogeneity)11(,...,)(,...,)iNiNtxtxxxϕϕ=0t∀1,...,iN=Logit11(,...),0,1,...,ijkxinnkxjexxkiNeϕ===∑(2.7)kLogit11(,...,)(,...,),,0,1,...,NiNiNixxxcxccRxciNϕϕ=++∀∈+≥=Logitiλ(ijλλ≠,1,...,,ijNij=≠)ii(2.1)()iiiifxxλ=Tullock()miiiifxxλ=()iixiifxeλ=Logit152.1.5Tullock()iiiifxxλ=iλ(ijλλ≠,1,...,,ijNij=≠)i1122...NNVVVλλλ≥≥≥(2.3)(2.4)*121()10,1,...,()NiijjiijNxjjjVxxRiNxxλλλπλ==−∂=−==∂∑∑(2.8)**221*2312()()0,1,...,()NjjiiiijiNxxjjjxxVRiNxxλλλπλ==−∂−=∂∑∑(2.9)Tullock1){1,...,}sN∈121ssssVsλ−−Γ−111111[]1ssjjjsVλ−−−=Γ=−∑1js≤−{}jjVλ***1122...0ssxxxλλλ≥≥≥js*0jx=2)i*(1)(1)[1],1,...,ssiiiissxisssVλλ−Γ−Γ=−=111